一小测验Ⅰ.课标单词1. ________ adj. 有趣的；可笑的→ ________adj. 感到有趣的→ ________vt. 使愉快→ amusement n. 乐趣，娱乐2．energetic adj.精力充沛的→ ________n．精力3．nervous adj.紧张的；焦虑的→ ___________ n. 神经紧张；焦虑4. ________ adj.有组织的；有系统的→organizer n．组织者→ ________ v．组织→ ___________n．组织5. ________adj. 耐心的→ ________ n．耐心6. ________ v. 感激，欣赏→ appreciation n．感激，欣赏7．scientific adj. 科学的→ ________ n. 科学→ ________ n. 科学家8. ________ n．总结；摘要；提要→summarize vt.总结；概述9. ________ n．复习→revise vt.复习；修订，修改10. ________ adj.正式的→ ________ adj.非正式的11．relaxed adj.轻松的；宽松的→ ________ adj.令人轻松的→ ________vt.使轻松→relaxation n．轻松；放松12． ________adv.同样地；类似地→ ________ adj.同样的；类似的→similarity n. 相似Ⅱ.常用短语1．____________________________________确定，确信；查明2．____________________________________犯错误3．____________________________________取得进步4．____________________________________不断/总是做某事5．____________________________________结果6．____________________________________在某方面干得好7．____________________________________事实上8．____________________________________睡着9．____________________________________讲笑话；开玩笑10．____________________________________厌倦了11．____________________________________宁愿，宁可12．____________________________________适用于……，合乎……的事实二知识点总结1 avoid vt. (to prevent sth. bad from happening；to stay away from sb. or sth.) 避免，逃避，躲避，回避avoid sth./sb. 躲避某事或某人avoid doing sth. 避免做某事【相关拓展】只跟v. -ing形式 (不可用不定式)作宾语的常见动词及动词短语有：mind, risk, practise, keep, consider, miss, suggest, enjoy, delay, admit, escape, finish, appreciate, imagine, give up, insist on, can’t help, be worth, look forward to, get down to等。

【活学活用】(1) Road safety should be taught to young children to_______ ____________________.应该教给小孩子们道路安全规则以避免道路事故。

(2) I try to avoid _______________on Saturdays because the stores are so crowded.我尽量不在星期六上街购物，因为星期六商店里到处都是人。

2 appreciate vt. (to value highly; to be grateful for sth. that sb. has done )欣赏，赏识；感激(1) appreciation n．欣赏，赏识；感激(2) appreciate (one/one’s) doing sth.感激(某人)做某事……【经典句式】I would appreciate it if…如果……，我将不胜感激。

【温馨提示】enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词后加it后跟if或when从句，构成固定句型。

如：I don’t like it when people speak with their mouth full.我不喜欢人们满嘴食物时说话。

【活学活用】(1) I really appreciate your ________ me that great favour yesterday.我非常感激你昨天帮了我很大的忙。

(2) ________________________you could turn the music down.如果你把音乐调小一些，我将不胜感激。

(3) Her abilities _______________________by her employer.她的才干没有完全得到雇主的赏识。

3 admit vt. (to allow sb./sth. to enter)许可进入，接受某人(入院或入学等)；(to say that you have done sth. wrong) 承认，供认(常为不情愿地)(1) admission n. 承认；允许进入；入场费(2) admit sb./sth. to/into…允许……进入/加入……be admitted to/into… 被……接收(3) admit doing sth. 承认做了……【经典句式】It is generally admitted that…普遍认为……【活学活用】(1) George would never _____________________.乔治从不认错。

(2) Through her hard work, she _________________________Peking University.通过努力学习，她最后被北京大学录取。

4 prefer v. (to like better)更喜欢prefer (doing/n. )…to (doing/n. )…喜欢……尤胜于……prefer to do…rather than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做……【活学活用】Some people nowadays prefer _______________during the golden week rather than ____out for holidays.＝ Some people nowadays prefer _______________during the golden week to ________ out for holidays.现在有些人喜欢在黄金周期间呆在家里而不是外出度假。

5 as a result因此，结果(1) as a result ___…由于……(2) as a consequence 因此，结果as a consequence of 由于……的结果(3) result ___ 造成；导致result from 因……发生【情景记忆】【活学活用】(1) ___________the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.由于飞行员的罢工，所有的航班都取消了。

(2) He had his leg injured. ____________, he had to stay in bed for two weeks.他的腿受伤了，结果不得不在床上躺了两周。

(3) His failure ____________carelessness.他的失败是由于粗心造成的。

6 keep doing sth.继续/反复做某事keep sb. doing使某人一直做……keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做……keep up 使保持、维持(在同一水平)；使不低落；继续keep ___with 跟上，不落后keep on 继续【易混辨析】keep doing和keep on doing(1) keep doing：cause a process or state to continue使某一过程或状态继续。

如：keep smiling 保持微笑，再笑一笑(2) keep on doing：continue doing sth.；do sth. frequently or repeatedly继续做某事；不断或反复做某事。

如：I wish you wouldn’t keep on interrupting me.我真希望你不要总是打断我。

由此可见， keep doing更强调“状态的持续，继续”，而keep on doing更强调“动作的反复”，但现在这两个短语意义经常混用。

【温馨提示】keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不能省略，注意不要和keep sb. doing 混淆。

另外与keep sb. from doing意义相似的短语prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.在主动语态中from可以省略，被动语态中不可以。

【活学活用】(1) Please keep the fire ________. It is too cold here.请让火一直烧着，这里太冷了。

(2) ____________until you reach a large roundabout.继续走，直到你到达一个宽阔的环状交叉路口。

(3) What kept you ___________?什么使你没能来？7 make sure (of sth./that…)确保，查明，核实，弄清楚be sure to do sth.一定/务必做某事for sure 无疑，肯定，有把握地be/feel sure ________ 确信，深信【温馨提示】在make sure的从句中，如果是谈将来的事情，要用一般现在时而不是将来时。