• 这里我们将提及两种温标:华氏温标和摄氏 温标。
Practice
1. The power plant is the heart of a ship. 2. The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor.
1. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。 2. 驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的 感应电动机。
Practice
• 6. All living things must, by reason of physiological limitations, die. • 7. The removal of minerals from water is called softening. 6. 由于生理上的局限, 一切生物总是要 死亡的。 7. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。
Translation Standards
• Translation Standards for Translation of EST: clarity, coherence & conciseness • 科技英语翻译标准: 明确、通顺、简练。 • (准确规范、通顺易懂、简洁明晰)
准确规范
• We shall mention here two temperature scales, namely, the Fahrenheit scale and the Centigrade scale. • 这里我们将提及两种温度计:华氏表和摄氏 表。
• Translation of EST/ Translation of Scientific Texts 科技英语翻译/科技文体翻译
EST
• In a broad sense, EST covers anything related to science and technology, both in written and spoken forms. • 1) 科技著述、科技论文和报告、实验报告和方案;
Linguistic Features of EST & the Translation
• Science --- precision & the absence of ambiguity • The language of science --- precise & unambiguous • Coherence, Clarity & Fluency (连贯、 明晰、畅达) • Translated versions : objective, accurate & well-knit
Practice
• 5. Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely.
• 空间狭窄, 旅客的双腿就不能自由活动。
简洁明晰
• It is forbidden to dismantle it without permission so as to avoid any damage to its parts. • 为了避免损坏设备的零件,未经许可不 得拆卸该设备。 • 严禁乱拆,以免损坏该设备的零件。
Terms
1 Scientific and technological translation 2 Scientific and technical translation
Terms
• EST (English for Science and Technology) 科技英语 • Scientific Texts/ Scientific Prose (from a point of view of stylistic) 科技文本/科技散文
通顺易懂
• A material object cannot have a speed greater than the speed of light. • 一个物体不会有一个大于光速的速度。 • 一个物体的速度绝不会超过光速。
通顺易懂
• Distillation involves heating the solution until water evaporates, and then condensing the vapor. • 蒸馏就是加热溶液直到水蒸发,然后冷 凝蒸汽。 • 蒸馏就是要把溶液加热,直到水蒸发, 然后再使蒸汽冷凝。
• 2)eans, 包括仪器、仪表、 机械、工具等等)的结构描述和操作规程;
• 4) 有关科技问题的会谈、会议、交谈的用语;
• 5) 有关科技的影片、录像等有声资料的解说词,等等 Read P2
英汉科技文本对比
• 1 句法 • 2 术语 Lexical Features of EST Syntactic Features of EST
Practice
• 3. Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications.
• 半导体器件也称为晶体管，在许多场合 替代电子管。
Practice
• 4. All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 我们知道, 所有的物体都有重量并 占据空间。
Scientific and Technical Translation
Definition of Translation
• Translation is a kind of crosslinguistic, cross- cultural and crosssocial communication. • 翻译是跨语言、跨文化、跨社会的交 际活动。
Read P2
Requirements for a Qualified Scientific Translator
P5
Requirements for a Qualified Scientific Translator
1) a broad knowledge on the subjects involved; 2) capable of employing translating skills involved in translation of EST; a) a thorough understanding of the technical terms b) acquaintance with sentence structures frequently used in EST c) a thorough analysis of the deep structures 3) to have a good command of English & Chinese 4) to be rigorous