The Puritans
Quaker
Member of the Society of Friends, a religious sect that worships Christ without any formal ceremony stated creed and is strongly opposed to violence and war.(公谊会教徒、贵格会 教徒、教友会教徒，基督教的教派，既 无任何正是仪式又无固定教义，其信条 为强烈反对暴力与战争)
Ⅱ. Questions for Scanning
1. From this passage, we can see what is the most difficult decision for a person to make? 2.For the early immigrants of America, what did they have to face? 3.How did the immigrants who came for economic reasons contribute to the strength of America? 4.What caused the strengths and weaknesses of America ?
Unit 6
Immigrants
Warming-up Discussion:
Migration in China
1、 Causes of Migration
2、Cost and Benefits of Migration
TEXT ONE
Why They Came
Words
odd 1.奇怪的; 古怪的 odd experience 非常奇怪的经历 2.单的 I threw away the odd glove. 我丢弃了那只不成对的手套。 3.奇数的 Three is an odd number. 三是个奇数。 odds n. the probability of a specified outcome (synonym) likelihood, likeliness 1.可能性, 机会 The odds are 5 to 1 that she will win. 她获胜的机会是五比一。 2.不利条件；掣肘的事情；逆境 3.投注赔率
Events during his presidency included the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Space Race, the African American Civil Rights Movement and early stages of the Vietnam War.
In August 1963, excerpts of the 1958 pamphlet were published in the New York Times Magazine. He was assassinated before completing the revision, but the book was nevertheless posthumously published in 1964 with an introduction by his brother, then Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy.
Mormon
Member of a religious group founded in the USA in 1830, officially called “ the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints”.(摩门教徒， 1830 年创立于美国 的宗教，正是名称为“耶稣基督后期圣 徒教会)
Ⅲ. Notes
A Nation of Immigrants
The book was originally written by Kennedy in 1958, while he was still a senator. It was written as part of the Anti-Defamation League's series entitled the One Nation Library. Subsequently, after gaining the presidency, he called on Congress to undertake a full reevaluation of immigration law; and he began to revise the book for further publication.
successive
Байду номын сангаасin regular succession without gaps 连续的,；相继的；接连的 He won three successive matches. 他连胜三场比赛。 succeeding 随后的 successive 连续的 subsequent 随后的
清教徒当时在英国是少数派，尤其是1603年詹姆斯一 世继承了伊丽莎白一世的王位，对清教徒大施压力， 要求他们臣服国王与圣公会，结果清教徒在1608年逃 亡到荷兰，因为在那里他们能享有宗教自由。 可是， 过了一段时间后，荷兰对宗教宽容、不太要求道德的 态度，令这群清教徒大感不安，于是他们决定离开欧 洲，迁往北美洲开创新生活。 随后，他们在经历了各 种磨难之后来到北美并建立起自己的社区（著名的五 月花号），以自己的勤劳和努力开创了一片新天地， 这片新天地就是现在的美国。 清教徒是加尔文主义最 大的践行者，他们在美洲的事迹不但在宗教面上强化 了改革派的势力，更在世俗面上成为努力进取、开拓 创新、追求自由的象征。
Shakers
Members of a Christian religious group in the US which now has very few members .Shakers live simple lives, free of many material possessions, and do not have sexual relations(震颤派教徒 ,< 术语>美国一个成员极少的基督教团体， 生活俭俭朴且禁欲)
Ⅳ.
Words and phrase
Page 80_ poverty, tyranny, leap, intelectual, collide, alien, gospel, overwhelming odds极端不利条件/压倒性的优势 She succeeded against overwhelming odds. 她在极端不利的条件下获得 了成功 a victory against overwhelming odds 以弱胜强 But what was it that moved so many to migrate against such overwhelming odds? (译)但是，在如此压倒性的优势下，是什么使如此多的人们宁愿选择迁 移呢
The Irish Potato Famine
Between the years of 1845 and 1849 fungus attacked the large potato crops of Ireland resulting in what would later become known as the Irish Potato Famine.
John F. Kennedy
(May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.
Kennedy defeated then Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election. He was the second-youngest President (after Theodore Roosevelt), the first 20th Century born President, and the youngest elected to the office, at the age of 43. Kennedy is the only Catholic and the first Irish American president, and is the only president to have won a Pulitzer Prize(普利策奖).
The book contains a short history of immigration in the United States beginning in colonial America, an analysis of the importance immigration has played in American history, and John F. Kennedy's proposals for the liberalization of immigration law.
Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was charged with the crime but was shot and killed two days later by Jack Ruby before any trial. The FBI, the Warren Commission, and the House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) concluded that Oswald was the assassin, with the HSCA allowing for the probability of conspiracy based on disputed acoustic evidence. Today, Kennedy continues to rank highly in public opinion ratings of former U.S. presidents.