第四单元titration [tɪ'treɪʃn] 滴定Non-aqueous [ˈeɪkwiəs] solvents 非水溶剂poor end point 不好的终点satisfactory end point 好的终点dissociate [dɪˈsəʊʃieɪt] 游离,分离conjugate [ˈkɒndʒəgeɪt] acid/base 共轭酸/碱aprotic [ˌeɪ'prəʊtɪk] solvents 非质子溶剂protophilic [prəʊtə'fɪlɪk] solvents 亲质子溶剂protogenic [ˌprəʊtəʊ'dʒenɪk] solvents 给电子溶剂amphiprotic [æmfɪp'rɒtɪk] solvents 两性溶剂carbon tetrachloride [ˌtetrə'kləʊraɪd] 四氯化碳benz ene [ˈbenzi:n] 苯dielectric constant 介电常数ionization [ˌaɪənaɪ'zeɪʃn] 离子化dilute[daɪˈlu:t] 稀释,变淡liquid ammonia [əˈməʊniə] 液氨amine [ə'mi:n] 胺ketone ['ki:təʊn] 酮affinity [əˈfɪnəti] 吸引力,亲和力equilibrium [ˌi:kwɪˈlɪbriəm] 平衡reversible reaction可逆反应levelling effect 拉平效应anhydrous [æn'haɪdrəs] acid 无水酸hydrogen fluoride [ˈflɔ:raɪd] 氟化氢sulphuric[sʌl'fjʊərɪk] acid 硫酸ionise ['aɪənaɪz] 电离acetic [ə'si:tɪk] (ethanoic) acid 醋(乙)酸perchloric [pə'kləʊrɪk] acid高氯酸determination 测定,确定proportion 比例indicator 指示剂individual component 单一组分detection 检查,检测potentiometric [pəˌtenfɪə'metrɪk] method 电位法primary amines [ə'mi:n] 伯胺secondary amines 仲胺tertiary amines 叔胺purine ['pjʊrɪn] 嘌呤sulphonamide [sʌl'fɒnəmaɪd] 硫胺类药剂amino [ə'miːnəʊ] compound 氨基化合物第七单元Detection limits 检出限skeleton骨架spectral interferences 光谱干扰atomic emission spectrometry 原子发射光谱法analytical chemistry 分析化学characterize 表征routine analyses 常规分析real sample 实样physical variables 物理变量matrix 基质ideal samples 理想的样品intrinsic performance 固有性能precision 精密度accuracy 准确度inductively coupled plasma ( ICP ) 电感耦合等离子体(ICP)atomic mass 原子质量density 密度fluorescence spectroscopy 荧光光谱X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy X射线荧光光谱signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) 信噪比relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差photographic detection 摄谱检测photographic emulsion 感光乳剂logarithmic response 对数响应Flame emission spectrometrists 火焰发射光谱测量仪plasma source emission spectrometrisis等离子源发射光谱分析photomultipliers ( PMTs ) 光电传感器(PMTs)array detectors 阵列检测器第十单元detectors(探测器)microwave(微波)plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(MIP-AES)(等离子体原子发射光谱法)mercury speciation(汞形态)Methylmercury(甲基汞)ethylmercury(乙基汞)inorganic mercury(无机汞)electron capture detector(ECD)(电子俘获检测器)calibration(校准)bipolar(双极的)constant-frequency(恒频)concentrations(浓度)reactive-flow detector(反应流检测器)flame photometric detector(FPD)(火焰光度检测器)chemiluminescent signal(化学发光信号)isoprene(异戊二烯)baseline(基线)oscillating(振荡)plasma glow(等离子发光)fingerprint data(指纹图谱库)gasolines(汽油)fuel oils(燃油)simultaneously(同时地)pulsed flame photometric(脉冲火焰光度法)pulsed flame ionization(脉冲火焰电离)amino(氨基)amide(酰胺)functional groups(官能团)nitrogen-phosphorus(氮- 磷)chiral(手性)enatioselectivity(对映选择性)high resolution(高分辨率)technical grade(工业级)dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane(DDT)(二氯二苯基- 三氯乙烷)enantiomeric(对映体)Sol-gel technology(溶胶-凝胶技术)inorganic-organic hybrid material(无机- 有机杂化材料)fused silica capillaries(熔融石英毛细管)retention characteristics(保留特性)conventional columns(常规柱)inductively coupled plasma(ICP)(电感耦合等离子体)germanium(锗)Near-infrared(近红外)laser-induced(激光诱导)fluorescence(荧光)argon-ion-dye-laser(氩离子染料激光)disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine(二磺化铝酞菁)diode lasers(二极管激光器)packed-capillary(填充毛细管)fused-silica capillary(熔融石英毛细管)stainless-steel(不锈钢)mononitroanilines(单硝基苯胺)chlorophenols(氯酚)benzodiazipines(苯并二嗪)inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrpmeter(ICP-MS) (电感耦合等离子体质谱仪)ultrasonic(超声波)nebulization(雾化)selenium(硒)Selenite(亚硒酸盐)selenate(硒酸盐)trimethylselenonium(三甲基硒鎓)ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography(离子对反相液相色谱)peroxyoxalate(过氧草酸酯)capacity factors(容量因子)chemiluminescence(化学发光)femtomole(飞摩尔)Molecular imprinting(分子印迹)polymeric(聚合)crosslinked(交联)naphthamide-derived(萘甲酰胺衍生)polymer(聚合物)enantiopure(对映异构体)enantioselective(对映选择性)nonporous glassy carbon columns(无孔玻璃碳柱)solvent polymeric membrane(溶剂聚合物膜)monovalent cation(一价阳离子)divalent cation(二价阳离子)selective ionophores(选择性离子载体)Electrostatic ion chromatography(静电离子色谱)zwitterions(两性离子)methylamines(MAs)(甲胺)Nonsuppressed ion chromatography(非抑制离子色谱)carbonic acid(碳酸)micromolar (微摩尔)dual(双重)第十一单元electrophoresis(电泳现象)Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC)(气液色谱法)high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)diode detectors (DAD)(二极管检测器)Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers(傅立叶变换红外光谱仪)nonvolatile(非挥发性)polar(两极) ionogenic (离子化)stationary phases(固定相) silica gel(硅胶) swelling capacity(膨胀能力) Sorption (吸附) frictional resistances(摩擦阻力)Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)(聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳)proteins(蛋白质) cross-linking(交联度)voltage gradient (电压梯度) flatbed(平板)two-dimensional (2D)(二维) Quartz capillaries(石英毛细管) dansyl amino acids(丹磺酰氨基酸)capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)(毛细管区带电泳)buffer vessels(缓冲容器) anodic(阳极) electroosmotic flow (EOF)(电渗流)silanol groups(硅烷醇基团) cathode(阴极) anions(阴离子) micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC)(胶束电动色谱)detergents (洗涤剂) hydrophobic(疏水)isoelectric focusing (IEF)(等电聚焦)ampholytes (两性电解质)electrochromatography (EC)(电色谱)isotachophoresis (ITP)(等速电泳)第十三单元Stripping analysis(提溶极谱分析,提溶分析 ;溶出分析)Bulk (n. 使扩大,使形成大量;体积,容量)Preconcentrate(富集)preconcentration (n. 预浓缩,预富集)mercury electrode ['mɝkjəri] (n. [化]汞电极)Electrolytic [ɪ,lektrəʊ'lɪtɪk] adj. 电解的;电解质的Electrolyze vt. 电解;用电分解electrogravimetric method/analysis 电重量分析法,电解分析法signal-to-background ratio信背比 ,信号背景比,信号/背景比trace metals 微量金属anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV)[vəul'tæmitri] 阳极溶出伏安法cathodic stripping voltammetry 阴极溶出伏安法polarized ['polə,raɪz] adj. 偏振的;极化的as a function of 根据the driving force 驱动力Waveform ['wevfɔrm] n. 波形;波形图Parameter [pə'ræmɪtɚ] n. 参数;系数;参量redox reaction 氧化还原反应redox couple氧化还原电对reductant 还原剂oxidizing agent 氧化剂linear ramp 线性斜坡,斜率pulse train 脉冲序列,脉冲群electroactive species 电活性物质thermodynamics [,θɝmodaɪ'næmɪks] n. 热力学faradaic current法拉第电流,感应电流charge transfer电荷转移current-potential plot 电位图V oltammogram 伏安图vertical axis 纵轴horizontal axis ['hɔrə'zɑntl] 横轴be governed by取决于;以…为转移Summation总和,合计Hydrodynamics n.流体动力学;水动力学['haɪdroʊdaɪ'næmɪks] Polarography [,polə'rɑgrəfi] n. 极谱法Polarographic [pəu,lærə'ɡræfik] adj. 极谱法的cathodic [,kæ'θodɪk] adj.阴极的/Anodic [æn'ɑdɪk] adj. 阳极的amalgamated metal金属汞齐/amalgamate[ə'mælɡəmet] v. 汞齐化potential scan 电势扫描peak current 峰电流Potentiometric [pəu,tenʃiə'metrik] adj.电势测定的,电位计的Plateau [plato] 托盘,茶盘,天平盘;舞台;平台,台架;Plateaux [plæ'toz] n. plateau的复数,金属板,(曲线的)平顶potentiostatic [pəu,tenʃiə'stætik]adj. 电压稳定器的;恒电势的redox titration氧化还原滴定thiols[θi'olz] 硫醇halide ions 卤素离子insoluble salts 难溶盐第十四单元catalysis [kə'tælɪsɪs] n.催化作用,催化,催化剂analytical testing分析测试feedstock ['fiːdstɒk] n.原料processing condition 工艺条件recovery methods 恢复方法byproduct n.副产品hyphenatd ['haɪfən,etɪd] method 联用技术statistical significance 显著性差异polymer synthesis ['sɪnθɪsɪs] 聚合物合成,高分子材料合成toxicological [,tɑksɪkɑ'lɑdʒɪkəl] mechanism 毒性机制chemical n. 化学制品,化学药品EPA(Environmental Protection Agency ) 美国环境署R & D(research and development) 研究与开发exploratory research 探索性研究reaction pathway 反应途径toxicity [tɒk'sɪsətɪ] n.毒性regulator n.监管者,监管部门(机构)contaminant [kən'tæmɪnənt] n.污染物toxicologist [,tɑksɪ'kɑlədʒɪst] n.毒理学家toxic['tɒksɪk] 有毒的ESCA(Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis)化学分析电子光谱学CAT(Computer aided testing) scan 计算机辅助测试扫描picosecond ['piːkəʊsekənd;] n.皮秒,万亿分之一秒intercellular [ɪntə'seljʊlə] molecular activity 细胞间分子活动postmitotic [,pəustmai'tɔtik, -mi-] growth 分裂期后细胞增长per kilowatt hour 每千瓦时,每度produce electricity 发电linearly ['liniəli] adv.线性地toxin ['tɒksɪn] n.毒素analyses [ə'næləsiːz] n.分析,解析dosage n.剂量,用量animal testing 动物试验carcinogenic [,kɑːs(ɪ)nə'dʒenɪk]action 致癌作用。