Bomb damage in North London
consequences
❖ The war was over, but it was a disaster.
❖ It claimed the lives of 2,700,000 men and disfigured twice as many again.
Britain in the Two World Wars
❖ Britain and First World War ❖ Britain and the Second World War ❖ The Post War Britain
The Rivalry between Britain and Germany
❖ In January 1919, representatives from 27 nations gathered in Paris to decide the fate of the defeated nations. The talk was dominated by the “Big three” : the United States , France ,Britain.
❖ There were two separate European alliances : Austria, Germany, Italy were in the Triple Alliance in 1882.
❖ In 1894, Russia and France signed their Dual Alliance.
European imperialist powers. ❖ the direct cause: ❖ On 28 June 1914, the Austria prince, heir
to the Austrian throne, went to inspect troops in Sarajevo and was killed.
❖ In 1917, the United States joined the Allies.
❖ The war lasted four years. Germany surrended in November 1918, and the side of Entente won the victory.
3) Economic Rivalry
❖ By 1914 Germany had been producing more iron, steel, coal and even more cars.
❖ Britain’s economic lead was gone.
Two Military Blocs
❖ Britain borrowed 1,000 million dollars from US and this made Britain become a debtor nation.
❖ so London was consequently replaced by New York as the world’ leading banking center .
❖ At the Peace Conference, Britain got most of what he wanted.
Britain and the Second World War
Reason:
The harsh terms of Treaty of Versailles left Germany embittered 气愤 , unstable and In1907 Britain reached an agreement with Russia, and allied herself with France and Russia .The Triple Entente was formed.
causes
❖ the fundamental cause: ❖ Redividing the world colonies among the
❖ so in the year before the war there appeared a naval race as both sides tried to out build the other.
2) Colonial Rivalry
❖ The Kaiser envied Britain and France their huge empires. He thought that the time was coming for Germany to have its “place in the sun” . This worried Britain because any gains Germany made could will be at Britain’s expense.损失
❖ When Germany invaded Belgium, Britain declared war on German on Agu.4 1914. Because of in a treaty signed in 1839 , Britain had agreed to defend Belgium’s neutrality.
❖ 1) Naval Rivalry
❖ In 1898 the Germany Kaiser announced that he intended to develop the Germany navy.
❖ Britain was afraid that Germany navy would be able to compete on neat equal terms,
process
❖ Austria, backed by Germany, used this as an excuse for declaring war on Serbia 塞尔维亚.
❖ Russia supported Serbia. Germany declared war on Russia and France.