当前位置:文档之家› (整理版)合同翻译常用

(整理版)合同翻译常用

英文合同翻译常用

一.hereby

英文释义:by means of , by reason of this

中文译词:特此,因此,兹

用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。

语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.

例1 :

The Employer hereby cove nants to pay the Con tractor in con siderati on of the executi on and completi on of the Works and the remedy ing of defects therein the Con tract Price or such other sum as may become payable un der the provisi ons of the Con tract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Con tract.

参考译文:

业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的

其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。

注释:

(1) hereby: by reason of this 特此匕

(2) covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约;n. legal agreement 具有法律

约束的正式合同

⑶ completion of the Works: 工程的竣工

(4) therei n: in the Works 在本工程中

(5) the Con tract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价

(6) such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which

(7) under: in accordanee with 根据,按照

(8) the provisi ons of the Con tract: terms and con diti ons of the Con tract 合同条款

例2 :

We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available in formati on and data have bee n supplied here in, and that we agree to provide docume ntary proof upon your request.

注释:

(1)hereby :特此

(2)to the best of our kno wledge :as far as we know 据我们所知

(3)foregoing statement : above-mentioned statement 上述声明

(4)

(5)here in : in this, in the stateme nt

docume ntary proof :证明文件

在声明中

参考译文:

特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,应贵方要求岀具证明文件。

例3 :

This Con tract is hereby made and con cluded by and betwee n Co. (here in after referred to as

Party A) and Co. (here in after referred to as Party B) on (Date), i n (Place), China, on the pr in ciple

of equality and mutual ben efit and through amicable con sultati on.

注释:

(1 )hereby :特此

(2 )hereinafter referred to as Party A :以下称甲方

(3)on the principle of equality and mutual benefit :在平等互利基础上

(4 )through amicable consultation :通过友好协商参考译文:

本合同双方,公司(以下称甲方)与公司(以下称乙方),在平等互利基础上,通过友好协商,于年月日在中国(地点),特签订本合同。

例4 :

This agreement is hereby made and entered into on (Date), by and between Co. China (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B). 注释:

(1 )this agreement is hereby made and entered into :特此订立本协议

在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4 个动词:sign (make, conclude or enter into) this agreement, 按照同义词连用的写作特点,可用上述4 个动词中的两个来表示)。

(2 )hereinafter referred to as Party B :以下简称乙方

参考译文:

本协议特由中国公司(以下简称甲方)与公司(以下简称乙方)于年月日订立。

二hereof

英文释义: of this

中文译词: 关于此点;在本文件中

用法:在表示上文已提及的本合同的、本文件的……”时,使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条

款时,可以说“ the terms, conditions and provisions hereof ,这”里hereof 表示“ of this Contract ”;又如表示本工程的任何部分,可用“any parts hereof ,这”里hereof 表示“of this Works”。

语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。

hereof 和thereof 的区别:hereof 强调“of this。例如,上面的“the terms, conditions and provisi ons thereof 中'的thereof 表示of the Con tract ;“ any parts thereof 中的thereof 表示of

the Works 。

例1

Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.

注释:

(1)Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not :不论港口习惯是否与

本款规定相反,whether…or not :不论.......... 是否

(2)the owner of the goods :货方

(3 )without interruption :无间断地

(4 )carrier :承运人

(5)in default on the provisions hereof :违反本款规定hereof :of this Clause

参考译文:不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反,货方都应昼夜地,包括星期日和假日(如承运人需要),无间断地提供和提取货物。货方对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏,包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。

例2

Foreign trade dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and other organization as are engaged in foreign trade dealings.

注释:

(1)foreign trade dealers :对外贸易经营者

(2)as mentioned in this Law :本法所称

(3)the provisions hereof :the provisions of this Law 本法规定

(4)legal entity :法人

(5)be engaged in foreign trade dealings :从事对外贸易经营活动

参考译文:本法所称对外贸易经营者,是指依照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的法人和其他组织。例3

The establishment of a limited liability company or a company limited by shares shall comply with the conditions and provisions of this Law. A company complying with the conditions and provisions hereof may be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares. Provided that if a company fails to comply with the conditions and provisions hereof, the company in question shall not be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares.

注释:

(1)a limited liability company :有限责任公司

(2)a company limited by shares :股份有限公司

(3 )provisions hereof :本法规定hereof: of this Law

(4)may be registered as :登记为

参考译文:设立有限责任公司、股份有限公司,必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的,登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司;不符合本法规定的条件的,不得登记为有限责任公司或股份有限公司。

例4

If, as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an arbitrator fails to perform his duties as an arbitrator, another arbitrator shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, be selected or appointed.

注释:

(1)as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons :回避或者其它原因

(2)arbitrator :仲裁员

(3)the provisions hereof :the provisions of this Law 本法规定

(4)be selected or appointed :选定或指定

参考译文:

仲裁员因回避或者其它原因不能履行职责的,应当依照本法规定重新选定或指定仲裁员

例5

In the event of conflict between the provisions on arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the provisions hereof shall prevail.

注释:

(1 )conflict :相抵触

(2)prior to the effective date of this Law :本法施行前

(3)the provisions hereof shall prevail :以本法为准hereof :of this Law

参考译文:本法施行前制定的有关仲裁的规定与本法的规定相抵触的,以本法为准。

例6

Where, in accordance with laws, the circumstance(s) specified in Article 15 and Article 16 of this Law is /are

confirmed, the organization with compensatory obligations shall pay compensation in any of the circumstance in question.

Where the claimant for compensation demands the confirmation of one of the circumstances specified in Article 15 and Article 16 hereof, and the demanded organization refuses to make the confirmation, the claimant shall have the right to lodge a complaint. Where the claimant claims compensation, the claim, shall, first, be lodged to the organization for compensatory obligations.

The provisions of Article 10, Article 11 and Article 12 hereof shall apply to/ in the procedures of compensation.

注释:

(1)the organization with compensatory obligations :赔偿义务机关

(2)shall pay compensation :应当给予赔偿

(3)the claimant for compensation :赔偿请求人

(4)Article 15 and Article 16 hereof :本法第十五条、第十六条hereof :of this Law

(5)shall have the right to lodge a complaint :有权申诉

(6 )claims compensation :要求赔偿

(7)apply to/ in :适用More Examples: The comment applies equally here. /That argument does not apply in this case. /That applies to at least nine-tenths of the people we see about. /These remarks apply to every town in this kingdom. /The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.

参考译文:赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之一的,应当给予赔偿。赔偿请求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之一的,被要求的机关不予确认的,赔偿请求人有权申诉。赔偿请求人要求赔偿,应当先向赔偿义务机关提出。赔偿程序适用本法第十条、第十一条、第十二条的规定。

例7

If an arbitrator involved in one of circumstances specified in Item 4, Article 34 of this Law, and if it is serious, or those specified in Item 6, Article 58 hereof, the arbitrator in question shall, in accordance with the law, bear the legal liability and responsibility. The arbitration commission shall remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators.

注释:

(1 )arbitrator :仲裁员

(2)Article 58 hereof :本法第五十八条hereof :of this Law

(3)bear the legal liability and responsibility :承担法律责任

(4)the arbitration commission :仲裁委员会

(5)remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators :将其除名

参考译文:仲裁员有本法第三十四条第四项规定的情形,情节严重的,或者有本法第五十八条第六项规定的情形的,应当依法承担法律责任,仲裁委员会应当将其除名。

例8

If, pursuant to this Law, the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals fail to grant approval to such an application as meets the requirements and provisions hereof, or the company registration authorities fail to register a company whose application meets the requirements hereof, the party in question may, in accordance with laws, apply for reconsideration or bring an administrative suit.

注释:

(1)the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals :履行审批职责的有关主

管部门

(2)meets the requirements and provisions hereof :符合本法条件

(3)the company registration authorities :负责公司登记的主管部门

(4)the requirements hereof :本法条件hereof: of this Law

(5)apply for reconsideration :申请复议

(6)bring an administrative suit :提起行政诉讼参考译文:依照本法,履行审批职责的有关主管部门,对符合本法条件的申请不予批准,或负责公司登记的主管部门不予登记,当事人可以依法申请复议或者提起行政诉讼。

例9

This Decision shall apply to the crimes committed against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof by the staff and workers of enterprises other than limited liability companies and companies limited by shares.

注释:

(1)the crimes committed :犯罪行为

(2)against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof :犯有本决定第九条、第十条、第十一

条规定hereof: of this Decision 参考译文:有限责任公司、股份有限公司以外的企业职工有本决定第九条、第十条、第十一条规定的犯罪行为的,适用本决定。

例10

Companies registered and established prior to the effective date of this Law shall, in accordance with Laws, administrative regulations, local regulations and pursuant to the “ Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies ” or the “ Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares ” issued by the relevant responsible department of the State Council, continue to exist. Those companies not completely satisfying the requirements of this Law shall, within the specified time limit, meet the requirements hereof. Specific methods for implementation of this Law will be set out in separate regulations issued by the State Council.

注释:

1 ) companies registered :已登记成立的公司

2 ) the “ Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies

3 ) the “ Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares

4 ) the relevant responsible department of the State Council

5 ) in separate regulations issued by the State Council

参考译文: 本法施行前已登记成立的公司,应依照法律、行政法规、地方性法规和国务院有关主管部门制 定的《有限责任公司规范意见》,和《股份有限公司规范意见》,继续保留。其中不完全具备 本法规定的条件的,应当在规定的期限内达到本法规定的条件。具体实施办法,由国务院另行 规定。 例 11

Unfair competition mentioned in this Law refers to acts of such business operators as contravene the provisions hereof, with a result of damaging the lawful rights and interests of other business operators, and disturbing the socio-economic order.

注释:

(1) unfair competition :不正当竞争

(2) business operators :经营者

(3) contravene the provisions hereof

:违反本法规定 the provisions hereof

:本法规定

hereof : of this Law

(4) the lawful rights and interests : 合法权益

(5) disturbing the socio-economic order :扰乱社会经济秩序

参考译文:

本法所称的不正当竞争,是指经营者违反本法规定,损害其他经营者的合法权益,扰乱社会经 济秩序的行为。

三 hereto 英文释义 : to this 中文译词 : 至此,在此上。 用法:在表示上文已提及的

本合同的……本文件的……”时,使用该词。例如表示

本合同双

方 ”,可以说 “the Parties hereto ,”这里 hereto 表示 “to this Contract ;表”示 “本协议附件 4”,可 用 “Appendix 4 hereto ,”这里 hereto 表示 “to this Agreement 。” 语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。

hereto 和 thereto 的区别:同前面所言 hereof 和 thereof 的区别类似, hereto 强调的是 “to this 。”

例1

All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this Commission shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission.

有限责任公司规范意见》 :《股份有限公司规范意见》 国务院有关主管部门

:由国务院另行规定

注释:

(1)the performance of this Contract :履行本合同

(2)through amicable negotiations :友好协商

(3)the Parties hereto :the Parties to this Contract 本合同双方

(4)shall then be submitted for arbitration :提交进行仲裁

(5)the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing :中国国

际经济贸易仲裁委员会(北京)

(6)the arbitration rules of this Commission :其仲裁规则

(7)the award of the arbitration :仲裁裁决

(8)unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission :仲裁委员会另有裁定的除外

参考译文:对于因履行本合同所发生的一切争议,本合同双方应友好协商解决,如协商无法解决争议,则应将争议提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会(北京),依据其仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局性的,对双方都有约束力。仲裁费用应由败诉方承担,但仲裁委员会另有裁定的除外。

例2

“ Patented Technology ” means such patent, and such applications for the patent as are presently owned or will hereafter be acquired in the future by Party B, or as Party B has or may have the right to control, or as are permitted to be transferred during the effective period of this Contract in any or all countries of the world, and as are applicable to or may be used in the manufacture of Contract Products specified by the Parties hereto. 注释:(1)patented technology :专利技术

(2 )patent :专利

(3)application for the patent :专利申请

(4)may have the right to control :可能有权控制的

(5)permitted to be transferred in any or all countries of the world :在世界任何国家许可转

(6)Contract Products specified by the Parties hereto :本合同双方规定的本合同产品

hereto: to this Contract

参考译文:

“专利技术”,系指乙方目前拥有的或未来获得的,或乙方有权或可能有权控制的,或在本合同有效期间在世界任何国家许可转让的,适用于或可能适用制造本合同双方规定的本合同产品的专利和专利申请。

例3

“ Technical Documents ” means the data and the information specified in Appendix 1 hereto, such as engineering, manufacturing and original information relating to the manufacture and maintenance of the Contract Products, including drawings, blueprints, design sheets, material specifications, photographs, photostats and general data, and design and their specifications relating to manufacturing euipment, tools and facilities. Provided that the above-mentioned information shall be such information as is only available to Party B and applicable to the business operation of Party A under this Contract.

(1 )technical documents :技术资料

(2)the data and the information :资料

(3 )engineering :工程

(4 )manufacturing :制造

(5)original information :原始资料

(6 )blueprint :蓝本

注释:

翻译合同模板(标准版)

I If 编号:GR-WR-13324 翻译合同模板(标准版) After n egotiati on and con sultati on, both p arties join tly recog nize and abide by their respon sibilities and obligati ons, and elaborate the agreed commitme nt results with in the sp ecified time. 方: 方: 签订时间: 本文档下载后可任意修改

翻译合同模板(标准版) 备注:本合同书适用于约定双方经过谈判、协商而共同承认、共同遵守的责任与义务,同时阐述确定的时间内达成约定的承诺结果。文档可直接下载或修改,使用时请详细阅读内容。 甲方: 乙方: 关于甲方委托乙方进行资料翻译事宜,双方经过认真协 商,特制订协议如下: 1.翻译质量 乙方应当保证译文的翻译质量达到行业公允的水平,如 对译文的翻译水平发生争议,应由双方共同认可的第三方评判,或者直接申请仲裁。 2.修改与补充 全部价款付清之后,作业乙方应负责稿件的再次修改、 审校,不得收取任何费用,但不包括甲方新增加、修订的部分。 中止翻译 :如甲方在乙方翻译过程中,要求中止翻译,甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度,按乙 方已经翻译的字数,以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方 3.资料保密 乙方保证不泄露翻译稿件的客户商业秘密及个人隐私。 对于甲方委托的翻译稿件中所涉及内容及相关信息,乙方不得泄露稿件

中任何内容及商业秘密。由于乙方保护不当或其他人为原因致乙方稿件内容泄露或信息流失,所造成的一切损失,概由乙方承担全部责任。 4.仲裁 甲乙任何一方不按本协议履行其职责,视为违约,另 方可以提出质疑并要求对方纠正,若对方不纠正,另一方可以提出经济赔偿或中止协议要求,赔偿额不少于实际损失额。 若通过仲裁机构解决时,新产生的诉讼等费用由败诉方承担。 5.协议文种、份数 此协议用中文写成,共两份,甲方一份,乙方一份。传 真件与协议正本一同有效。 客户委托单(无法填写的项目,可不填写)翻译内容单价元/千字

英文合同合同常用词

英文合同合同常用词 第一节合同常用词(Usual Wording)(1) 当大量接触英文合同,就会发现英文合同中有些词或短语出现的频率非常高,往往影响或决定了对 合同的准确理解,下面就分门别类从常见实词和常见虚词两个方面进行具体介绍: 一、英文合同常用虚词(Usual Function Words) 1.Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词 基本规则:Here 代表this,there 代表that,where 代表which 或what 即here/there/where+介词=介词 +this/that/which or what Hereby: by means of; by reason of this.特此,由此,兹等意。 例句:The Buyer hereby orders from the Seller the undermentioned goods

subject to the following conditions:买方向卖方订购下列商品,条件如下: Herein:in this。此中,于此。 例句:The minimum royalty herein specified shall be paid by Party B to Party A. 在此规定的最低特许权 使用费应由乙方付给甲方。 Hereinafter: later in the same Contract. 以下,在下文。通常与to be referred to as, referred as, called 连 用。 例句:This Agreement is made and concluded on ______, (date)____(year), by and between _____(hereinafter called Party A) on the one hand and _____(hereinafter called Party B) on the other hand. 本协议书于____年___月___日由_____(以下简称甲方)为一方,与_____(以下简称乙方)为另一方 签订。

常见英文合同翻译与详解

常见英文合同翻译与详解

引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。 合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。 一.hereby 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this 中文译词:特此,因此,兹 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。 语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语. 例1: The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and co mpletion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other s um as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manne r prescribed by the Contract. 参考译文: 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。 注释: (1)hereby: by reason of this 特此 (2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 (4)therein: in the Works在本工程中 (5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价 (6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which (7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照 (8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款 例2: We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correc t and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provi de documentary proof upon your request. 注释: (1)hereby:特此 (2)to the best of our knowledge:as far as we know据我们所知 (3)foregoing statement:above-mentioned statement上述声明 (4)herein:in this, in the statement在声明中 (5)documentary proof:证明文件 参考译文: 特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,

高翻合同法律类翻译

引子:鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。 合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。 一.hereby 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this 中文译词:特此,因此,兹 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语. 例1: The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract. 参考译文: 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。 注释: (1)hereby: by reason of this 特此 (2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 (4)therein: in the Works在本工程中

中英文合同中常用词词义的选择

中英文合同中常用词词义的选择 英文合同中的词语是构成合同文本最基本的单位。对合同文本中的一些单词词义的正确选择,是翻译合同文书的前提和基础。如果选择的词义不确切,整篇译文就难以理解。在翻译合同文件时,会涉及到经济、法律、贸易、金融、技术等领域的专业词汇,这些词汇在不同的合同条款和上下文中的表达和词义有很大区别。即使在同一专业中的词义都有很大区别,因此我们必须仔细推敲,选择最确切的词义。例如:cover一词,作为动词讲一般都理解为“包括”,例如:The prices quoted in the brochure cover packing and are subject to 35%trade discount,可译为:“小册子所报的价格包括包装费在内,可有35%的商业折扣。”但以下的含有cover的句子,就不能将cover译成“包括”: (1) No doubt there must have been some reason for the delay in shipment. To cover this contingency we cabled you On Mar.29 that we were extending the letter of credit for two weeks.句中的cover应理解为“应付”,全句可译成: 无疑,一定有某种致使装船延误的原因。为应付这一意外事件,我方已于3月29日电告你方,将信用证延期两周。 (2) If Party A insists on ifs original quotation. Party B will have to cover its requirements elsewhere 句中的cover指“购进货物”,全句可译成: 如果甲方坚持原报价,则乙方只能从其他方面购进其需要的货物。 (3) In order to cover our order, we have arranged with the Bank of China, Dalian Branch, a credit for USD 55,000. 句中的cover在这里表示“偿付”,全句可译成: 为支付我方订货,我方已联系中国银行大连分行开立55,000美元的信用证。 (4) Party B shall cover the goods with particular average. 句中的cover在这里的含义为:to insure sth against loss,全句可译成: 乙方将对该货物投保水渍险。 英译汉是如此,汉译英时也应该注意同类的问题。请看下面的句子: 如在解释上有分歧,应以英文本为准。 该句中的“解释”在汉英词典上可以有多种选择,如:explanation,construe,exposition,interpretation,但该句中的“解释”是对依法成立的合同条款的正式性解释,应选择interpretation,全句可译成: In case Of any divergence Of interpretations, the English text shall prevail。 以上例子仅是选择词义的一个方面。本章将就合同翻译时经常碰到的词义处理问题,归纳为三个方面:同义词的选择,一词多义的问题,容易混淆的词的处理。现分述如下: 1. Choice of Synonyms同义词的选择 同义词在英语中为数不少,在合同英语中也时常出现,翻译时必须作出正确选择。否则,如

商务英文合同的词汇特征及其翻译

【摘要】商务合同是商业法人之间为实现一定的经济目的、明确相互权利义务的一种文体。商务合同英语属半法律性语言,用词准确、正式、严谨,具有鲜明文体意义。本文基于典型实例分析,探讨了商务英文合同的词汇特征及翻译方法。 【关键词】商务英文合同词汇特征翻译 商务合同是商品经济的产物,它随着商品经济的产生而产生,也随着商品经济的发展而发展,是商品交换关系在法律上的体现,受到国家法律的承认和保护。在世界经济全球化和一体化的今天,国际商务活动日益频繁,贸易国法人之间为实现一定的经济利益而签订的明确规定了贸易双方的权利和义务,具有法律效力的文件——国际商务合同的重要性也越来越突出。商务合同英语既具有商务英语的特点,同时也具有法律英语的特点。本文拟从庄重正式、准确严谨和简洁明了三个角度阐述分析商务英文合同的词汇特征及其翻译方法。 一、庄重正式 Martin Joos按照语言使用的正式程度提出了英语的五种变体,即庄重文体(frozen style),正式文体(formal style),商议文体(consultative style),随便文体(casual style)和亲密文体(intimate style)。一般认为商务合同英语属庄重文体,即五种变体英语中正式程度最高的一种。商务英文合同的庄重正式的词汇特征体现在专业术语和外来词古体词的使用上。 1.商务专业术语 专业术语(technical term留学生论文网http://biz.doczj.com/doc/5d13500174.html, s)具有鲜明的文体特色。其意义精确、单一、无歧义,且不带有个人感情色彩。为了准确描述商务活动中的各个交易环节以及与此相关的各类单据,商务合同英语文体中使用了大量表意清楚的商务专业术语。例如,policy(保险单),negotiable(可转让的),liability(责任、义务),right of recourse (追索权),factoring(保理)等。这些专业术语可避免冗长的解释,简化交易过程,提高工作效率。 2.法律专业术语 为了准确描述商务活动中交易双方各自的权利与义务,商务合同英语中也使用了较多的法律专业的术语。狭义的法律术语指仅出现在或大多数情况下出现在法律文件中的法律科学的特有术语,此意义上的法律术语在商务合同文体中的数量不多,如:imputed negligence (转嫁的过失责任)特指可向与行为人有利害关系的人或有合同关系的另一方追究责任的过失。商务合同中这类狭义的法律专业术语不以大众是否理解或接受为转移,它是商务合同语言准确表达的保障,是其独有的现象。而广义的法律术语则包括在法律文体中被赋予特定法律意义的常用词语,如action(诉讼),party(当事人),financial responsibility(经济责任,指违约责任,具体可指“赔偿损失”、“支付违约金”和“支付迟延支付金额的利息”)。这类词语把握不准确的话很容易导致翻译和理解当中的模糊性,因此要格外留意。如,“The contract is concluded in case of acceptance of the offer.”很容易译为“提议一旦接受,合同随即订立。”而实际上,“acceptance”与“offer”是合同法中两个重要的法律术语,其规范的译文分别为“承诺”、“要约”,前者是指受要约人对要约内容表同意,而后者则指一方希望与另一方订立合同。 3.外来词和古体词 商务合同英语中使用的商务类专业术语有不少源于拉丁语或法语,有些则是由其词根派生或合成,许多术语都有相同的前缀或后缀。它们的意义比较稳定,利于精确地表达概念,例如:ad valorem duty (拉丁语)从价(关)税,bona fide holder (拉丁语)汇票的善意持票人,pro rata tax rate比例税率(拉丁语,即proportional tax rate),insurance premium per capita (拉丁语)人均保险费,force majeure(法语)不可抗力,pro forma (拉丁语)估算表。

商务合同英文翻译注意事项(实例讲解)

商务合同英译的注意事项(实例版) 前言 英译商务合同貌似简单,实则不然。商务合同是一种特殊的应用文体,重在记实,用词行文的一大特点就是准确与严谨。 本文拟运用翻译教学中所积累的英译商务合同的实例,从三个方面论述如何从大处着眼、小处着手、力求准确严谨英译商务合同。 一、酌情使用公文语惯用副词 商务合同属于法律性公文,所以英译时,有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词,就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现,这种公文语副同常被普通词语所代替,从而影响到译文的质量。 实际上,这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多,而已构词简单易记。常用的这类副词是由here、there、where等副词分别加上after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with等副词,构成一体化形式的公文语副词。例如:从此以后、今后:hereafter;此后、以后:thereafter;在其上:thereonthereupon;在其下:thereunder;对于这个:hereto;对于那个:whereto;在上文:hereinabovehereinbefore;在下文:hereinafterhereinbelow;在上文中、在上一部分中:thereinbefore;在下文中、在下一部分中:thereinafter.现用两个实例,说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。 例1:本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。 This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder. 例2:下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品,其品牌以此为合适。 The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China. 二、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语 英译商务合同时,常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可,有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的,是提高英译质量的关键因素之一,现把常用且易混淆的七对词语,用典型实例论述如下。 2.1 shipping advice与shipping instruction sshipping advice是“装运通知”,是由出口商(卖主)发给进口商(买主)的。然而shipping instructions则是“装运须知”,是进口商(买主)发给出口商(卖主)的。另外要注意区分 vendor(卖主)与vendee(买主),consignor(发货人)与consignee(收货人)。上述这三对词语在英译时、极易发生笔误。 2.2abide by与comply with

翻译合同律师审核版

合同编号: 翻译合同 甲方: 乙方: 甲乙双方经友好协商,乙方向甲方提供翻译服务,根据《中华人民共和国合同法》及其他相关法律、法规规定,在平等自愿的基础上签订本合同,并由双方共同遵守。 第一条翻译内容 甲方委托乙方对特定文件进行翻译,乙方向甲方提供翻译服务,委托内容及相关约定以《客户委托单》(见附件一)为准。 第二条服务内容 1.乙方自接到甲方委托翻译的原文后,按照本合同及《客户委托单》的要求开始翻译。乙方应保证翻译成果准确、精简。 2.乙方按照翻译行业通用规范和国家标准《翻译服务规范GB/T1936 3.1-2003》进行翻译质量控制,翻译流程包括初译、语言审校、技术审校、终检,并严格按照甲方的特殊要求(如有),如术语表述、文体规范要求、排版要求等进行翻译和译后处理。 3.甲方有义务提供清晰的原文,若甲方提供的原文不清晰,乙方可要求甲方予以处理;对于原文出现的词汇晦涩难懂、混杂其它语种文字、指代不明等问题,乙方应及时反馈给甲方;对于译稿有特殊要求的,甲方应予以特别说明并经乙方确认。 4.如果甲方对语言风格和术语表述等方面有特殊要求,乙方应按甲方要求提供翻译服务。

5.乙方应按《客户委托单》约定的时间按时交稿,如有特殊情况不能按时交稿,乙方需与甲方协商,双方书面盖章确认后方可延迟交稿。 6.甲方应在收到译稿后【】个工作日内予以验收,并将验收结果书面通知乙方;如超过【】个工作日仍未通知,将视同为验收合格。 7.本合同翻译工期为:【】自然日,自【】年【】月【】日至【】年【】月【】日(如甲方另有调整,以甲方通知要求工期为准)。乙方提交的最终译稿的修改期至少为【】天,自最终译稿经甲方书面验收合格之日开始计算。在此期间内,乙方有责任按照合同约定的标准和要求对译稿进行修改,乙方不得就提交后的修改部分向甲方追加任何费用;超过修改期的,乙方不再承担对译稿的修改责任。 第三条结算条款 1.价格明细表 2.甲方应在每次译文经甲方书面验收合格且结算完成,并收到乙方按甲方要求提供的与结算金额一致的合法增值税专用发票(税率: %)后的(十五)个工作日内,通过汇款、转账的形式,将该次全部的翻译服务费汇入乙方指定账号。乙方未按约定提供结算资料的,及/或未提供符合要求的增值税专用发票的,甲方有权拒绝付款且不构成违约。如合同有效期内,任何因包括但不限于法律、行

英文合同常见词汇及句型

英文合同常用词汇和句型 1、开场白(合同的当事人背景介绍) 2、过渡条款 Now therefore, in consideration of the premises and covenants described herein-after, Party A and Party B agree as follows: 参考译文:因此,双方基于各自提供之对价订立本合同,并做如下约定: 注释和说明:”in consideration of premises and covenants”表示“在当事人提供的对价基础上”而非仅指“考虑到…”。读者应重点理解“premise”这个词。在一般场合下它是指与房屋相关的基础不动产或处所,但是在英文合同里边它却变成了“前提条件”。 3、结尾条款: IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by duly authorized representatives of both parties on the date and year first written above. 参考译文:本合同由被正当授权之人,于本协议于上述记载之日期代表双方当事人订立,特此证明。 注释和说明: (1)“in witness whereof”的含义类似于中文合同中常见的“口说无凭,立此为证”。 (2)“execute”在英文合同中常解为“签署”,而非“执行”。 4、favor, “in favor of somebody”= ”in one’s favor”的意思主要有两种: 以某人为受益人、有利于某人 5、subject to sth. 1) 遵从、遵守: This letter of Credit is subject to the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (1983 Revision), international Chamber of commerce, Publication No.400. 2) 根据(法律、法规、合同) 3) 作动词用,意思是“服从于…”,“率属于…”,“使经受…” 4) 办理、存在。 5、Without prejudice to “在不损坏……”。 6、Any person who does... shall …表示任何做某人之人应。 7、For the purpose of “就……而言”。 8、Provided that 但是 9、Notwithstanding “即使,表示一种让步”。 10、in question “表示该” 11、including but not limited to “包括但不限于” 12、常理解为“有权利做某事” 1)have the right to do 2)be entitled to do 3)do sth. at one’s option or/ and discretion 4)have the authority to do 13、合同英语中“因为”的表达方法 1)owing to 2)attributable to 3)due to 4)in view of 5)by virtue of 14、notify sb. Of sth. in writing: 书面通知某人某事 15、in lieu of: 替代 16、关联企业: 1)affiliate: 广义上的具有法人人格的子公司,只要有参股关系即可,常翻译为“关联公司”

英文合同常用词汇

英文合同常用词汇 第一节合同常用词(Usual Wording)(1) 当大量接触英文合同,就会发现英文合同中有些词或短语出现的频率非常高,往往影响或决定了对 合同的准确理解,下面就分门别类从常见实词和常见虚词两个方面进行具体介绍: 一、英文合同常用虚词(Usual Function Words) 1.Here/there/where+介词构成的古体词 基本规则:Here 代表this,there 代表that,where 代表which 或what 即here/there/where+介词=介词 +this/that/which or what Hereby: by means of; by reason of this.特此,由此,兹等意。 例句:The Buyer hereby orders from the Seller the undermentioned goods subject to the following conditions:买方向卖方订购下列商品,条件如下: Herein:in this。此中,于此。 例句:The minimum royalty herein specified shall be paid by Party B to Party A. 在此规定的最低特许权 使用费应由乙方付给甲方。 Hereinafter: later in the same Contract. 以下,在下文。通常与to be referred to as, referred as, called 连 用。 例句:This Agreement is made and concluded on ______, (date)____(year), by and between _____(hereinafter called Party A) on the one hand and _____(hereinafter called Party B) on the other hand. 本协议书于____年___月___日由_____(以下简称甲方)为一方,与_____(以下简称乙方)为另一方 签订。 Hereof:of this。关于此点,在本文件中。 Hereunder:under this. 本文件规定。 例句:Both parties agree to attempt to resolve all disputes between the parties with respect to the application or interpretation of any term hereof of transaction hereunder, through amicable negotiation.合

合同翻译常用词汇

合同翻译常用句型和词汇This contract is made in two originals 此合同一式二份,由双方各持一正 that should be held by each party. 本。What is left unmentioned in contract may 本合同未尽事宜,可由双方增补作 be added there as an appendix. 为合同附件。 The Contract is written in quadruplicate 本合同一式四份(正副本各两份)(two for original and copy respectively) 自签署后生效which shall become valid on the date of signature. This Contract is executed in two 本合同为中英文两种文本,两种文counterparts each in Chinese and English, 本具有同等效力。本合同一式两each of which shall be deemed equally 份。自双方签字(盖章)之日起生authentic. This contract is in 2 copies 效。 effective since being signed/sealed by both parties. This contract is made by and between the 本合同由买卖双方签订,根据本合buyers and sellers, whereby the buyers 同条款,买方同意购买,卖方同意 agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell 出售以下产品。the under-mentioned commodities according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 买方 buyer 卖方 seller 项目名称

翻译劳务合同范本整理版

翻译劳务合同范本整理版 甲方 单位名称: 经济类型: 注册号: 地址: 联系电话: 乙方 姓名: 性别: 身份证号: 家庭住址: 联系电话: 甲方聘请乙方为具体项目的翻译,乙方同意提供相应的服务,双方在平等自愿、协商一致的基础上,同意订立本劳务合同,共同遵守本合同所列条款。 一、合同期限和服务内容 1、本合同自双方签署后生效,任一方提前____个工作日通知对方或在具体项目结束后即可终止本合同。合同终止时,除约定的劳务费外,甲方无需支付任何与终止相关的补偿金。 2、根据甲方具体项目需要,乙方为甲方提供相应的翻译服务。 二、服务时间与报酬 无固定服务时间,乙方根据甲方的通知安排,提供服务。 劳务报酬为人民币________元/小时,结算周期由双方另行商定。甲方支付给乙方的劳务报酬在代扣代缴乙方相应的个人所得税后通过银行汇款的形式支付给乙方。 三、双方的权利、义务 1、甲方应按时支付乙方劳务费用。 2、乙方应对在提供翻译过程中获得的甲方及甲方客户、甲方专家的任何信息予以保密,未经甲方书面同意,不得公开或披露给任何第三方或利用该信息获得经济利益。 3、双方合作期间,如乙方拟就职于与甲方具有竞争关系的公司,应在正式就职前立即通知甲方,并立即终止双方之间的合作。 4、乙方是独立承包商,在任何情况下均不得视为甲方的代理、雇员、合伙人。乙方仅为甲方提供翻译服务,甲方不对其进行任何劳动管理。甲方无义务为乙方提供任何社会保险或其他员工性质的福利。 5、任何一方违反上述规定的,应向对方承担因此所造成的损失。 四、争议处理 1、因履行本合同发生的争议,双方协商解决,协商解决不成的,任何一方均有权向有管辖权的法院提起诉讼。 2、本合同未尽事宜,双方可另协商解决。 3、本合同一式两份,甲乙双方各执一份,双方签署后生效。 甲方: 代表/代理人: _______年___月___日 乙方: _______年___月___日

合同翻译常用词汇

合同翻译常用句型和词汇 This contract is made in two originals that should be held by each party. 此合同一式二份,由双方各持一正本。 What is left unmentioned in contract may be added there as an appendix. 本合同未尽事宜,可由双方增补作为合同附件。 The Contract is written in quadruplicate (two for original and copy respectively) which shall become valid on the date of signature. 本合同一式四份(正副本各两份)自签署后生效 This Contract is executed in two counterparts each in Chinese and English, each of which shall be deemed equally authentic. This contract is in 2 copies effective since being signed/sealed by both parties. 本合同为中英文两种文本,两种文本具有同等效力。本合同一式两份。自双方签字(盖章)之日起生效。 This contract is made by and between the buyers and sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodities according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 本合同由买卖双方签订,根据本合同条款,买方同意购买,卖方同意出售以下产品。 买方 buyer 卖方 seller 项目名称 Project name 地址 address 电话 phone 传真 fax 联系人 contact person 1. 详细货物清单 Detail supply list

翻译合同样本(完整版)

翻译服务协议书 甲方:__________________________________________________ 乙方:__________________________________________________ 依据《中华人民共和国合同法》规定,本着诚实信用、平等互利的原则,甲乙双方就甲方资料翻译服务一事,达成协议如下: 第一条:翻译内容 乙方将甲方提供的文件中的英文翻译为中文;具体文件以甲方给乙方的纸质文件或者电子版文件为准。 乙方应保证翻译人员的专业性和翻译稿件的准确性,认真做好翻译校对工作; 乙方按照甲方的文件格式进行排版,最终翻译稿以电子文件的方式提供给甲方。 乙方应保证其翻译稿件质量:忠实原文、译文准确。 第二条:翻译期限及费用 计价方式:按照翻译完成的中文(字符数不计空格)进行计价。 本次翻译单价为,翻译费总金额为:元整。 翻译文件的交稿期限为:年月日。 甲方在签订合同当日支付翻译预付款元。 交稿时付清其余所有款项即元。甲方向乙方开具正式发票。 第三条:责任条款 如因甲方原因推迟提供给乙方翻译稿件或翻译的相关资料时间,受到的损失甲方承担。 甲方如对乙方译稿有异议,甲方有权在取稿之日起30日内,向乙方提出书面修改意见,乙方

应按甲方要求在规定的时间内免费进行修改,直至甲方满意为止。 如乙方在翻译质量和完成工期方面不符合合同要求,甲方有权中止合同并视为乙方违约,乙方应退还甲方预付款,另外赔偿甲方预付款的作为违约金。 在乙方无违约的状况下,甲方应按约定及时付款,否则乙方有权要求甲方支付延迟付款天数乘以翻译费用总额作为赔偿;翻译进行过程中,如甲方提出中止翻译,预付金不予退回并按照已翻译文件比例支付相应翻译费。 第四条:其他条款 乙方应考虑甲方翻译内容的保密性。另签署的保密协议作为本协议的一部分,具有法律效力。 本协议未尽之事,双方协商解决; 本协议一式二份,传真件有效,甲乙双方各执一份,自双方盖章之日起一年内有效。 甲方(盖章):乙方(盖章): 负责人(签字):负责人(签字): 联系电话:传真:联系电话: 地址:地址: 签字日期:年月日签字日期:年月日

外贸合同中常见词汇的翻译

China and India's State-Owned Reinsurers Adopt Divergent Strategies February 12, 2012 The state-owned reinsurers of China and India have traveled different paths to expansion. With its recent investment in a Lloyd's syndicate, China Reinsurance Group is mapping an international course that leads to Europe, the Americas and Africa. In the year ahead, market observers expect the Chinese reinsurer to be more competitive and to "look outward" more than its Indian counterpart, with sufficient capital reserves and regulatory supports following its first overseas strategic partnership. China Reinsurance (Group) Corp. started operating a special-purpose Lloyd's syndicate this year by forming a strategic partnership with U.K.-based Catlin Group Ltd. to write reinsurance cover for an existing Catlin syndicate. The Chinese state-owned reinsurer earlier said it and Catlin would provide capital for Syndicate 2088, which will have a stamp capacity of about 50 million pounds (US$78.7 million). "As the biggest reinsurance company in China, China Re's strategy is to grow both in the home market and abroad, and to have a greater involvement in international markets," said Chairman Peiyu Li. Setting up Syndicate 2088 and the alliance with Catlin will be a "milestone" in China Re's international strategy, while the new venture will help the reinsurer to gain a better knowledge of Lloyd's and benefit from its worldwide network (Best's News Service, Nov. 8, 2011). It will also increase the company's experience of international reinsurance operations and management and help build a foundation for China Re to grow into an important player in the world reinsurance market, said Li. The company intends to continue its "internationalization" growth strategy by gradually setting up overseas representative offices and branches, and seeks to become a medium-size international reinsurer by 2015 (Best's News Service, Aug. 9, 2011). China Re's plan is to "focus on Asian market growth, with steady business participation in Europe and America, while gradually developing emerging markets like Latin America and Africa by leveraging on its strong capital base and positive international credit ratings," Li said. Currently, about two-thirds of China Re's international business is generated from traditional Asian markets, while the remaining one-third comes from mature markets like Europe and America. This compares with other regional reinsurers, such as Korean Re's business ratios of 43% from Asia and 23% from Europe and America; as well as Japan-based Toa Re's 24% from Asia and 74% from Europe and America, noted the Chinese reinsurer.

相关主题