索引（按照汉语拼音字母顺序）A安全系数 safety factorB半桥接法 half bridge闭口薄壁杆件 thin-walled tubes比例极限 proportional limit边界条件 boundary conditions变截面梁 beam of variable cross section变形 deformation变形协调方程 compatibility equation标距 gage length泊松比 Poisson’s ratio补偿片 compensating blockC材料力学 mechanics of materials冲击荷载 impact load初应力，预应力 initial stress纯剪切 pure shear纯弯曲 pure bending脆性材料 brittle materialsD大柔度杆 long columns单位荷载 unit load单位力偶 unit couple单位荷载法 unit-load method单向应力 uniaxial stress等强度梁 beam of constant strength低周疲劳 low-cycle fatigue电桥平衡 bridge balancing电阻应变片 resistance strain gage电阻应变仪 resistance strain indicator叠加法 superposition method叠加原理 superposition principle动荷载 dynamic load断面收缩率 percentage reduction in area多余约束 redundant restraintE二向应力状态 state of biaxial stressF分布力 distributed force复杂应力状态 state of triaxial stress复合材料 composite materialG杆，杆件 bar刚度 stiffness刚架 frame刚节点 rigid joint高周疲劳 high-cycle fatigue各向同性材料 isotropical material功的互等定理 reciprocal-work theorem工作应变计 active strain gage工作应力 working stress构件 structural member惯性半径 radius of gyration of an area惯性积 product of inertia惯性矩 moment of inertia广义胡克定律 generalized Hook’s lawH横向变形 lateral deformation胡克定律 Hook’s law滑移线 slip-linesIJ基本系统 primary system畸变能理论 distortion energy theory畸变能密度 distortional strain energy density 极惯性矩 polar moment of inertia极限应力 ultimate stress极限荷载 limit load挤压应力 bearing stress剪力 shear force剪力方程 equation of shear force剪力图 shear force diagram剪力流 shear flow剪切胡克定律 Hook’s law for shear剪切 shear交变应力，循环应力 cyclic stress截面法 method of sections截面几何性质 geometrical properties of an area 截面核心 core of section静不定次数，超静定次数 degree of a statically indeterminate problem静不定问题，超静定问题 statically indeterminate problem静定问题 statically determinate problem静荷载 static load静矩 static moment颈缩 neckingK开口薄壁杆件 bar of thin-walled open cross section抗拉强度 ultimate stress in tension抗扭截面系数 section modulus in torsion抗扭强度 ultimate stress in torsion抗弯截面系数 section modulus in bendingL拉压刚度 axial rigidity拉压杆 axially loaded bar理想弹塑性假设 elastic-perfectly plastic assumption力法 force method力学性能 mechanical properties连续梁 continuous beam连续条件 continuity condition梁 beams临界应力 critical stress临界荷载 critical loadM名义屈服强度 offset yielding stress莫尔强度理论 Mohr theory of failure敏感栅 sensitive gridN挠度 deflection挠曲线 deflection curve挠曲线方程 equation of deflection curve挠曲线近似微分方程 approximately differential equation of the deflection curve 内力 internal forces扭矩 torsional moment扭矩图 torque diagram扭转 torsion扭转极限应力 ultimate stress in torsion扭转角 angel of twist扭转屈服极限 yielding stress in torsion扭转刚度 torsional rigidityO欧拉公式 Euler’s formula疲劳极限 endurance limit疲劳破坏 fatigue rupture疲劳寿命 fatigue life偏心拉伸 eccentric tension偏心压缩 eccentric compression平均应力 average stress平面弯曲 plane bending平面应力状态 state of plane stress平行移轴定理 parallel axis theorem平面假设 plane cross-section assumptionQ强度 strength强度理论 theory of strength强度条件 strength condition切变模量 shear modulus切应变 shear strain切应力 shear stress切应力互等定理 theorem of conjugate shearing stress 屈服 yield屈服强度 yield strength全桥接线法 full bridgeR热应力 thermal stressS三向应力状态 state of triaxial stress三轴直角应变花 three-element rectangular rosette三轴等角应变花 three-element delta rosette失稳 buckling伸长率 elongation圣维南原理 Saint-Venant’s principle实验应力分析 experimental stress analysis塑性变形 plastic deformation塑性材料 ductile materials塑性铰 plastic hingeT弹性变形 elastic deformation弹性模量 modulus of elasticity体积力 body force体积改变比能 density of energy of volume change体积应变 volume strainUW弯矩 bending moment弯矩方程 equation of bending moment弯矩图 bending moment diagram弯曲 bending弯曲刚度 flexural rigidity弯曲正应力 normal stress in bending弯曲切应力 shear stress in bending弯曲中心 shear center位移法 displacement method位移互等定理 reciprocal-displacement theorem稳定条件 stability condition稳定性 stability稳定安全系数 safety factor for stabilityX细长比，柔度 slenderness ratio线性弹性体 linear elastic body相当长度 equivalent length相当应力 equivalent stress小柔度杆 short columns形心轴 centroidal axis形心主惯性矩 principal centroidal moments of inertia 形心主轴 principal centroidal axis许用应力 allowable stress许用应力法 allowable stress method许用荷载 allowable load许用荷载法 allowable load methodY应变花 strain rosette应变片 strain gage应变能 strain energy应变比能 strain energy density应力 stress应力速率 stress ratio应力比 stress ratio应力幅 stress amplitude应力状态 state of stress应力集中 stress concentration应力集中系数 stress concentration factor应力－寿命曲线，S-N曲线 stress-cycle curve应力－应变图 stress-strain diagram应力圆，莫尔圆 Mohr’s circle for stresses约束扭转 constraint torsionZ正应变 normal strain正应力 normal stress中面 middle plane中柔度杆 intermediate columns中性层 neutral surface中性轴 neutral axis轴 shaft轴力 axial force轴力图 axial force diagram轴向变形 axial deformation轴向拉伸 axial tension轴向压缩 axial compression主平面 principal planes主应力 principal stress主应力迹线 principal stress trajectory主轴 principal axis主惯性矩 principal moment of inertia转角 angel of rotation转轴公式 transformation equation自由扭转 free torsion组合变形 combined deformation组合截面 composite area最大拉应力理论 maximum tensile stress theory 最大拉应变理论 maximum tensile strain theory 最大切应力理论 maximum shear stress theory最大应力 maximum stress最小应力 minimum stress。