2020年高中英语时文新闻拓展阅读理解Passage 1 美国正积极研发新冠疫苗The United States is "neck-and-neck" with China in the race to develop an effective coronavirus(新冠病毒) vaccine, Johns Hopkins University health policy and management professor Dr. Marty Makary told "Special Report" Wednesday. "There are 70 vaccines in different stages of development," said Makary, a Fox News contributor. "There are seven that are being given in patients right now. We’re sort of neck-and-neck with China -- we've got three, they've got three."Makary added that the Chinese vaccines "are actually in further stages of development. Their drugs are in phase two or three, and it's a real race ...The country that gets there first will have a significant advantage because they will control the supply for the rest of the world and the risk is if we aren't there first, we could get locked out." The professor concluded that the search for a vaccine was "moving along," but added that "it will probably take a year" before such a treatment becomes widely available.Earlier Wednesday, Dr. Anthony Fauci, the government's top infectious-disease expert and a member of President Trump's coronavirus task force, touted the drug remdesivir(瑞德西韦) for its "clear-cut significant positive effect in diminishing the time to recovery,” as reflected in new data. Makary said that while the National Institutes of Health study shows only a 31 percent reduction rate in recovery time, it could prove to be significant. "One thing to remember," Makary cautioned about remdesivir, "it's not a silver bullet. "It reduces the severity and probably increases recovery but also, this is an IV(静脉注射) medication, it's not something you can go to the pharmacy tonight and pick up." In the U.S., remdesivir is still awaiting regulatory approval as a coronavirus treatment, but Makary said it is likely to receive emergency authorization from the Food and Drug Administration "as early as this evening”.1 What does the underlined word “neck-and-neck” mean ?A work togetherB be friendsC at the equal levelD be enemies2 What is American’s challenge according to Makary’s statement ?A Use vaccines to save more people.B Give patients more vaccines for treatment.C Develop effective vaccines before China does.D Work with China to develop vaccines.3 What can we know about remdesivir ?A It can reduce the time to recovery.B People can’t purchase it easily in drug stores.4 Which would be the best title for this passage ?A The US is level with China in race for coronavirus vaccines.B Remdesivir can be the treatment for coronavirus vaccines.C Remdesivir need the regulatory approval.D Coronavirus vaccines should be developed soon.Passage 2 上海迪士尼恢复营业Shanghai Disneyland to reopen after shutting downMay 11 could be a very magical day for theme park lovers. As parts of the world start to reopen amid the coronavirus (新冠病毒) pandemic(大流行病), many people are looking to see how businesses will return after closing down. It’s likely that theme park lovers will be interested to see how the Disney parks alter their practices in response to the outbreak. Shanghai Disneyland announced that it will be reopening to the public on Monday. The park closed its doors on Jan. 25 as part of China’s efforts to curb the spread of the coronavirus. Since then, the outbreak has become a pandemic and Disney parks across the world have also been limited and shut their doors.In a statement, Disney CEO Bob Chapek said: “We know how much our guests have been looking forward to returning to Shanghai Disneyland, and our cast is excited to begin welcoming them back. As the park reopens with significantly enhanced health and safety measures, our guests will find Shanghai Disneyland as magical and memorable as ever.”When the park reopens, guests will be required to purchase admission tickets valid for certain dates only. Also, annual pass holders will have to make reservations prior to arrival. The park will also control guest density(密度) in lines, restaurants, ride vehicles and other facilities. The park will also utilize temperature screening and require guests to wear masks in the park, except when eating.1 What does the underlined word “curb” mean in paragraph 1 ?A stopB encourageC controlD treat2 What can we learn form paragraph 1?A Shanghai Disneyland closed before the pandemic of the coronavirus.B Only Shanghai Disneyland shut its door during the pandemic.D China has curbed the spread of the coronavirus.3 What will happen when Shanghai Disneyland reopens ?A It won’t be as entertaining as before.B Those who bought ticket can visit it at any time.C Annual pass holders can visit the park freely.D Many measures will be used to enhance safety.Passage 3 纽约顶级厨师的工作困境Chefs from some of New York City’s top restaurants are leaving the business to work for billionaires after losing their jobs to the coronavirus (新冠病毒), the New York Post has learned.Out-of-work chefs from restaurants including Jean-Georges, Daniel, Eleven Madison Park, Per Se and Gramercy Tavern are being poached (挖走) by talent agents and even real estate brokers (房地产经纪人) to work for wealthy families since the coronavirus shutdowns have weakened the restaurant industry, sources said. The supply of quality chefs is so abundant that some wealthy people say they’re getting cold-called about the latest candidate. “I received a call out of the blue asking if we wanted to hire a top chef who had worked for Jean-Georges,” one billionaire real estate developer told the NYPost's Side Dish.For unemployed chefs, it’s often the only way for them to make money doing what they love at a time when sit-down dining is prohibited by the state lockdown. “I was laid off six weeks ago. It just wasn’t possible to stay, no matter how much the chef wanted to keep us. I can’t stand not working. I miss being in the kitchen,” said Ian Tenzer, a 29-year-old former sous chef(副厨) at three-star Michelin restaurant Eleven Madison Park, named the world’s best restaurant in 2017. “Working as a p rivate chef has always been a part of the industry I had thought about working in and, at this point in my career, it’s a good choice economically and professionally,” he added.Indeed, chefs who choose to work in private homes stand to get a 20 percent to 30 percent pay raise, as well as other perks (补贴) including better hours, sources said. Sous chefs at top restaurants can earn between $120,000 and $200,000 a year working full-time for a family, compared to closer to $100,000 working at a restaurant. One drawback is that you never know what kind of family you’ll get, chefs said. Some families are “lovely, adventurous and curious,” but others can be quite the opposite. They can be rude and “even physically and verbally abusive. I have heard horror stories,” said one chef who asked to remain1 Which is true about Chefs in New York city ?A Some of famous chefs are leaving the business to work in private homes.B Wealthy families invited chefs to work for them.C Chefs are being poached because billionaires need them.D Top chefs are rare in New York city.2 Which of the following can describe the underlined phrase “out of the blue” ?A from the skyB all of a suddenC in the morningD from a friend3 What can we know form paragraph 3 ?A Ian Tenzer was out of work because the chef didn’t need him.B There still many jobs for Ian Tenzer to do.C Ian Tenzer hadn’t considered working for private families.D Being a private chef can be economically helpful to Ian Tenzer.4 What would be the best title for this passage ?A Being a private chef can earn more.B Unemployed chefs are being personal cooks.C Chefs from New York City’s top restaurantsD Out-of-work chefs from top restaurantsPassage 4 为隔离患者捐赠iPadNo man is an island. But for the coronavirus (新冠病毒) patients in hospitals, they die alone – physically separated from the friends and family who love them. This cruel reality weighs heavily on a group of New York City volunteers whose mission is to actually connect patients with family members unable to be present due to hospital restrictions on visitors. Their solution: to collect used iPads from across the country and donate them to hospitals in underserved (缺医少药的) communities where the need is most serious. "It’s a heartbreaking scene," Nicolas Heller, a 31-year-old documentarian, said of the thousands of people who have died from the disease in isolation, without the comforting words or touch from a loved one. "A lot of these people are dying prematurely, whether they had medical issues or not. It’s crushing." said Heller, who is part of iPads to Hospitals, an organization – founded by two medical students, Amy Johnson and Jeff Arace –that is collecting used iPads for patients who do not own smartphones capable of video chatting.equipment, such as masks and gloves. The tablet computers can allow medical staff to communicate with patients from outside of the room, decreasing their risk of exposure to the virus.As of Friday morning, the group said it has received 375 used iPads from donors nationwide and raised more than $22,000 through its GoFundMe page to purchase more devices. So far, 50 of the iPads have been donated to Brooklyn’s COVID-only site, University Hospital of Brooklyn at SUNY Downstate, whose staff expressed the critical impact the devices can have on patients and also healthcare workers."The lifeblood of what we’re doing is making use of people’s iPads that are in their drawers and on their desks that they don’t use anymore," said Ian Kaplan, a film director from Brooklyn. "I’ve ha d every make and model of iPad ever made in my hands in the last week," said 29-year-old Kaplan. "With the exception of the first model, which doesn’t have a camera, we can make use of any iPad. However, we are nowhere near meeting the demand of every hospital that we speak with.”1 Why do volunteers collect used iPads ?A To make better use of iPads.B To collect and sell them to patients.C To enable patients to contact with their family.D To equip underserved communities.2 What can we know according to paragraph 2 ?A Heller is one of iPads to Hospitals’s founders.B Hospital staff can use iPads to contact with their family.C These iPads can be beneficial to medical workers.D These iPads can protect hospital staff from the virus.3 What can we infer from the statement of Ian Kaplan ?A People donated iPads because they wanted to buy new ones.B Every make and model of iPad can be used in hospitals.C Those iPads in his hands are all with cameras.D There is still a lot of iPads needed to meet the demand.4 What is the main idea of this passage ?A Patients in hospitals are physically separated.B Group collects used iPads to connect patients with family.C How was iPads to Hospitals founded by two medical students.D How to collect iPads for hospitals.Passage 5 澳大利亚森林大火The wildfires damaging parts of Australia can be seen from space in new satellite images released by NASA. Australia's capital, Canberra, was enveloped in a smoky haze Sunday and air quality at midday was measured at 10 times the usual dangerous limit. The damaging fires have killed at least 24 people in Australia and destroyed almost 2,000 homes. The early and damaging start to Australia’s summ er wildfires, fed by drought and the country's hottest and driest year on record, has also been catastrophic (毁灭性的) for the country's wildlife, likely killing nearly 500 million birds, reptiles and mammals in New South Wales alone, Sydney University ecologist Chris Dickman told the Sydney Morning Herald.Under such extreme conditions, the fires have been generating enough heat to create their own weather systems, including fire-generated thunderstorms and fire tornadoes. Thousands of firefighters continued to fight the flames that have burned millions of acres in New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia, an area twice the size of Maryland. In New South Wales, the rural fire service (RFS) said as of Sunday there were 150 fires active in the state, 64 of them uncontrolled.On Saturday, Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced that, for the first time in Australian history, 3,000 army, navy and air force reservists (后备军人) will battle against the fires. He also committed $14 million to hiring fire-fighting aircraft from overseas. On Sunday, cooler temperatures and lighter winds brought some relief to threatened communities, a day after thousands were forced to escape as flames reached the suburban areas of Sydney. Thousands of firefighters fought to contain the fires, but many fires continued to burn out of control, threatening to wipe out rural townships and causing almost incalculable damage to property and wildlife.1 What does the underlined phrase “fed by” mean ?A get food from someoneB be strengthened by somethingC be destroyed by somethingD under control of something2 Why were there thunderstorms and tornadoes ?A Because the fires generated thunderstorms and tornadoes.B Because there was rainy weather.C Because the fires generated enough heat to create extreme weather.D Because the weather systems is easy to change.3 What can we learn form the last paragraph ?A Many soldiers will fight against the fires as they have done before.B Fires were controlled due to cooler temperatures and lighter winds.C A lot of people moved out of the suburban areas.D Damage to property and wildlife is limited.4 What would be the best title for this passage ?A Australia's destructive wildfiresB Soldiers fought against the firesC Wildlife died form the firesD Australia’s wildfires was under control1. C.根据第一段中，The United States is "neck-and-neck" with China in the race todevelop an effective coronavirus vaccine中的race一词，及最后一句We’re sort of neck-and-neck with China -- we've got three, they've got three. 可知，美国和中国目前处于同样的疫苗研发阶段，正在比赛哪国先研制出有效的新冠病毒疫苗。