Height of the Movement: 1970s
•Challenge women’s attitudes toward the nuclear family
•Call upon women to become “political lesbians” and stop “sleeping with the enemy.”
Third Wave
Thank You!
The National Organization for Women (NOW) ----Founded in 1966
Social Impact
----Movie
First Blood In The Debate On Women’s Liberation
History
First Wave
Second Wave
Achievement: The Civil Rights Act of 1964
W. E. B. Du Bois, Malcolm X, Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King, Jr.
Social Impact
----Equal Rights Amendment
“Section 1. Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex…”
Women’s Liberation
United States of America
——薛敏Βιβλιοθήκη QuoteBecause I am a woman, I must make unusual efforts to succeed. If I fail, no one will say, "She doesn't have what it takes." They will say, "Women don't have what it takes."
----Clare Boothe Luce (克莱尔·布思·卢斯)
Table of Content
• Definition • First Wave Feminism • Second Wave Feminism • Third Wave Feminism • Conclusion
The definition of the feminist movement
History
First Wave
First Wave Feminism: 1900s–1920s
•By 1900, suffragettes are campaigning heavily for voting rights.
•Also in the 1920s, feminism takes the form of alternative style trends such as flapper dresses and short haircuts, and “masculine” behaviors like smoking and drinking alcohol.
Third-Wave Feminism: 1990s
•In the 1990s, fierce abortion debates create deep partisan divisions about funding, counseling, lateterm abortion, and the state’s “compelling” interest in potential human life.
---- New York Times
Social Impact
----Women’s Organizations
Betty Friedan •An American writer •A leading figure in the “Second Wave” of the US Women’s Movement
Social Impact
----19th Amendment
“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex...”
In 1972, it passed both houses of Congress, but failed to gain ratification before its June 30, 1982 deadline.
Social Impact
----Literature
“It ignited the contemporary women's movement in 1963 and as a result permanently transformed the social fabric of the United States and countries around the world.”
Feminism refers to political, cultural, and economic movements seeking greater, equal, or, among a minority, superior rights and participation in society for women. The Feminist Movement
----Ratified on August 18, 1920.
History
First Wave
Second Wave
Second Wave Feminism: 1960s
•In the early 1960s, many middle- and upper-class white women begin to question their domestic roles
Women’s Movement, Women’s Liberation, refers to a series of campaigns for reforms on issues such as reproductive right, maternity leave, equal pay, women’s suffrage and sexual violence.
Background Information
----Women in World War II
Competitive Theory
Background Information
African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)
•Outlawing racial discrimination against African Americans •End Racial Segregation.