（四）表语 在系动词后的部分就是表语 1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth . 3. I'm not quite myself today. 4. That remains a puzzle. 5. I don't feel at ease .
句子成分
? 句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有 一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不 同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里 一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、 谓语（predicate ）、表语（predicative ）、宾语 （object）、定语（attribute ）、状语(adverbial ) 和补语 （complement ）。
? What he has said is true.
（句子）
㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征
? 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 ? I saw the flag on the top of the hill. ? He looked after two orphans.
(三)宾语
动作的对象或承受者 ——及物动词或介词的宾语
C.一个主语和两个谓语
Mary opened the door and greeted the guests.
并列句(compound sentence):
把两个或几个简单句
用并列连词连接起来，
则成为一个并列句。
I turned on the TV.
并列句
I watched it.
? I turned on the TV and I
I enjoy working with you. （动名词） Did you write down what he said? （句子）
? 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.
? He gave me some books .
↓ 间接 宾语
↓ 直接 宾语
? vt. + sb. + sth.
and,both…and, not only… but also, neither…nor but,however,while,yet for,so
or,either…or
复合句:主句+从句
主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。
从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个 主句连用，不能独立存在.
按句子的结构分为三种:
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
简单句 (simple sentence)
A.只包含一个主谓结构
Mary opened the door.
B.两个主语和一个谓语
Steve and his friend are coming to dinner.
根 状态 love, have, keep, stand, lie
据 动词
词 汇 意 义
动作 持续性（延续性） live, work 动词 终止性（短暂性） die, finish,
come,分类 Nhomakorabea㈠主语（ subject ）
句子说明的人或事物
说说什么成分作主语
（名词）
? Jane is good at playing the piano.
（五）定语
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
? He is a clever boy. (形容词)
连系动词 be, become, turn, get, go
助动词 do, have, be, will
情态动词 can, may, must
非限定 不定式 to read, to write 动词 -ing形式 doing, reading, writing （语非动谓词）-ed形式 written, walked
说说什么成分作宾语
Show your passport, please. （名词 ） She didn't say anything. ( 代词） How many do you want? - I want two. (数词) They sent the injured to hospital. (名词化的形容词 ) They asked to see my passport. （不定式）
请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。
从句 By the time he arrived,
1 we had already left.
主句
2
动词：限定 实义 不及物动词 lie, work, walk
根据 动词 动词 及物动词 单宾动词 eat
句法 （或行 功能 为动词）
双宾动词 give
分类
复杂动词 make
（代词）
? She went out in a hurry.
? Four plus four is eight.
（数词）
? To see is to believe.
（不定式）
? Smoking is bad for health.
（动名词）
? The young should respect the old. （名词化的形容词）
watched it.
I bought my sister a present.
She didn't like it.
并列句
?I bought my sister a present,but
she didn't like it.
常用并列连词 coordinating conjunctions
? 平行并列连词: ? 转折并列连词： ? 因果并列连词: ? 选择并列连词:
系动词
1）状态系动词（be动词） 2）持续系动词 keep, rest, remain, stay, stand 3）表像系动词 seem, appear, look 4）感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, taste 5）变化系动词
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, run. 6）终止系动词 prove, turn out, “证实”，“变成”