英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(一)“安全岛” pedestrian island按国际惯例 according to the international practices保护知识产权 to protect intellectual property (right)成人教育和职业教育adult education and job training (vocational education)惩治腐败 to combat corruption第三产业 the service sector；tertiary industry多极化趋势 the trends towards multi-polarity改革开放政策the policies of reform and open-up(openning-up)岗位培训和就业技能培训 pre-job and on-the-job training高新技术产业开发区new and high-tech industrial development zone合法权益 lawful rights and interests宏观经济模式 macro-economic mode后起之秀 promising young people黄色出版物和非法出版活动pornographic publications and illegal publishing practices基础设施、基础工业和支柱产业infrastructure, basic industries and pillar industries集装箱运输 container traffic假冒伪劣商品和牟取暴利的行为fake and poor quality commodities and the making of exorbitant profits 健身房 gymnasium; fiteness center精品店 boutique经济技术开发区economic and technological development zone (ETDZ)经济特区 special economic zone (SEZ)就业培训 vocational training or employment科学工业园区 science-based industrial park科教兴国战略和可持续发展战略the strategies for revitalizing the nation through science and education and sustainable development科技成果转化为生产力to translate the results of scientific research into productive force英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(二)高等院校institutions of higher learning/education准时 be punctual私人开办的公司 privately owned companies公共卫生 public health机关集体 government and social institutions增强妇女的参政意识enhance women’s awareness of political participation取暖 heating 太阳能solar energy 信息information全国性 nation-wide 信息网络information network承担take over 功能function 体力劳动physical labor代价太高 high cost 宇宙飞行space flight新的发现discoveries 与日俱增increase every day国际经济秩序global economic order 妨碍 hinder统计数学 statistics 乡镇企业township enterprise生活质量 the quality of life 偏远地区 remote areas文化素质 cultural qualities 推动 give a push to促进 promote 进步 progress, advance唐代 Tang Dynasty 概念 concept英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(三)改进教和学 improve teaching and learning按分数 according to the grades传真机 fax machines个体经营者 self-employed businessmen工作安排 work arrangement电子邮件 electric mail 工作场所 working place总产值 general output of跟上时代的步伐 keep pace with the times获取知识的重要渠道 an important channel to acquire knowledge 每隔一段时间 at short intervals 进餐习俗 eating customs落后 backward 外语能力 foreign language ability恢复 restore获得 acquire, master统一考试 unified test培养 train, cultivate外语中学 foreign language school地区性的 regional读写困难 difficulties in reading and writing就业机会 opportunities for employment受过良好教育 well-educated未受教育 uneducated遗憾的是 It is a pity that…造成了困难 cause some difficulties财富 a treasure to英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(四)人才外流 The brain drain 急需 need badly缺乏 lack, be short of 中国政府 the government of China投资环境 environment for investment 集中力量 concentrate on 鼓励 encourage 技术改造 technological transformation进口货物 imported goods 进口或出口 import or export创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency) 竞争competition 厂商 manufacturers 活跃市场 enliven the market逐步建立 gradually establish 造成损失 cause a loss to…被列为 be listed as 制定……的法律 make a law of (to)…全国人民代表大会 the National People’s Congress十分重视 attach importance to 大力发展 strive to develop基本国策 fundamental national policies 古代中国 ancient China社区服务 community service 社会福利事业 social welfare system 高层建筑 high-rising buildings 住房建设 housing construction不吸烟者 nonsmokers 从长远的观点看 in the long run英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(五)长时间闭关锁国 be closed and self-fettered for a long time境况 circumstances必然结论 inevitable solution争取外援 win foreign aid闭关自守 Closed-door policy资本 capital项目 items / projects冒险的成分 element of risk承担风险 bear (take) the risk of…世界银行 The World Bank计算方法 method of calculation估算 estimate局限性 limitation经济结构 economic structure指示说明 instruction, direction追求眼前利益 pursue one’s short-term interests原料 raw materials重工业 heavy industry装配和修理 assemble and repair大型 large-sized中型 medium-sized小型 small-sized合理的发展 rationally developed长处 strong points短处 weak points各级政府 government at all levels各行各业的人们 people from all trades and professions祖先 ancestors长江流域 Yangtze river basins长江三峡 the Three Gorges of Yangtze River英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(六)鸦片战争 The Opium War连续十年 for ten years running衡量 measure, evaluate财政资助 financial support高等学校 institutions of higher education高等教育 higher education初等教育 elementary education secondary schools山区 mountain areas发电 produce electricity取代 replace主张 hold ,state共同管理 jointly manage一律平等 be all equal牟取任何暴利 seek excessive profits灵活的 flexible领导和组织 guide and organize充分发挥……积极性 bring one’s initiative into full play 普遍规律 general law“星火”计划“spark” program广大农村 vast rural areas推广 spread把……应用于生产apply…to production第三世界 the third world维护民族独立 defend national independence国家主权 state sovereignty政治独立 political independence巩固 back up, consolidate苦难经历 hard experience , sufferings实践 practice改造 transformation英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(七)中国的国情China’s own conditions人力资源 manpower, human resources资金不足 short of funds围绕 focus on经济效率 economic efficiency降低生产成本 lower production cost生产力 productive forces劳动生产率 labor productivity巨大发展 have made a big advance技术转让 technology transfer对待 treat改善 improve认真执行 faithfully implement中外合资企业 joint ventures现有企业 existing enterprises独立自主 independence自力更生 self-reliance对…有利 beneficial to加强 strengthen实行 implement, carry out货物 goods英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(八)不附带任何条件 be accompanied by no conditions自信心 confidence和平共处 coexist peacefully原则立场 principled stand民族自尊心 national dignity一贯主张 constantly state国际局势 international situation经济差距 economic gap发达国家 developed countries发展中国家 developing countries不利于 not contribute to对内开放和对外开放 to open up both externally and internally战略目标 strategic goal加强与……的合作 strengthen exchanges and co-operation in有潜能 have potential共同努力 jointly work hard for能量 power ,energy“温室效应” “green-house effect”土地沙漠化 desertification生态恶化 deterioration of the ecology酸雨 acid rain提高人们的环境意识 raise people’s awareness of the environment 保护生态环境 environmental protection罕见的 rare吃饭穿衣 food and clothing保持丰收 gain a good harvest增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture可行性研究报告 feasibility study report可视电话 video telephone英语专业八级汉译英常考词汇、短语(九)控股公司 holding company; controlling company; parent company 跨国公司/集团/企业 multinational corporation/group/enterprise会计事务所 public accounting firm劳动密集型工业 labor-intensive industry立交桥 flyover; overpass（美）“2002中国”旅游年“Visit China’2002”贸易往来 trade contracts; commercial intercourse美容美发中心 beauty salon企业兼并和联合 the merger and association of enterprises人均国民收入 per capita national income人均国民生产总值达中等发达国家水平an average per capita GNP up to the standard of medium-developed countries实践是检验真理的唯一标准 take practices as the sole criterion for judging truth 投资环境 investment environment外资企业 foreign-funded enterprises温饱问题 the people’s basic need for food and clothing物价指数 price-rise index“希望工程”、“青年志愿者”和“手拉手”活动activities like the “Hope Project”,“Young Volunteers” and “Hand in Hand”香港特别行政区 Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(HKSAR)香港特别行政区长官 the chief Executive of the HKSAR消费者协会 consumer association消费者权益consumer’s rights and interests小康生活 living a relatively comfortable life（发展是）“硬道理” development is the most essential criterion职业道德 occupational ethics; professional ethics职业道德规范 norms of occupational ethics综合国力comprehensive national strength; the overall strength of the country自尊、自信、自强的民族精神the national spirit of self-respect, self-confidence and self-support/englishlistening。