Main Characters
Captain: Ahab 船长亚哈
Headsman: 指挥者 Chief officer: Starbuck 大副斯巴达克 Second officer: Stubb 二副斯塔布 Third officer: Flask 弗兰斯克 Harpooners: 投掷手 Queequeg 魁克尔 Tashtego塔斯提戈 Daggoo达古
《白鲸记》
Moby Dick
Herman Melville
赫尔曼· 麦尔维尔
He is an American novelist, essayist(散文家) and poet. Because of the poor family, he worked as a famer, staff member, teacher, sailor, navy(海军） and some other duties. In 1839, he served on a merchant ship, which bounded for(前往） Liverpool，England, was exposed to(接触到) the sea; this experience had a great impact on his later writing. In 1841, the year when he was 22, he worked as a sailor on a whaler(捕鲸船）, sailing in the area of South Pacific Ocean. His later masterpiece Moby Dick is drawn from(取材于） the life at sea. In August 1843, he became a sailor on a warship(军舰), retired in October 1844 in Boston. Then he began to write and became a novelist. Taking the experiences at sea for the factual basis, the novel Moby Dick had come into being and been considered as one of the greatest novels in America. Melville is known as the American Shakespeare. British writer Somerset Maugham （毛姆） gave his evaluation on Moby Dick in the book the world‘s top ten novelists and their masterpieces, which is far higher than other American writers like Edgar Allan Poe （艾伦·坡）and Mark Twain.
Moby Dick penetrate a main line from beginning to
全书讲述了捕鲸船长亚哈和南太平洋 上一条名叫莫比迪克的白鲸之间的故事。 亚哈年轻时在一次捕鲸途中被白鲸咬掉了 一条腿，他怀恨在心，从此踏上了复仇之 路。他指挥着航船行遍世界大洋，只为追 踪这条令人闻之色变的巨鲸。故事末尾写 道：亚哈终于找了白鲸并与其展开殊死搏 斗,只可惜以失败告终。虽然刺中了这条白 鲸，但它十分顽强狡猾，咬碎了小艇，也 撞沉了大船。它拖着捕鲸船游开时，绳子 套住了亚哈，把他绞死了。全船人尽皆灭 顶。只有一个水手借着由棺材改制的救生 浮子而逃得性命。整个故事以这个水手伊 希梅尔(Ishmael)自述的方式展开。
Herman Melville (1819-1891)
Melville is obscure (默默无闻的)during his lifetime, being down and out(穷困潦倒)to the end. Melville won great fame after Moby Dick was published 70 years later. It was with Moby Dick that Melville had reached his peak as writer and observer of human nature in all its strengths and weaknesses. His works also include short stories like Bartleby《书记员巴特子比》 and novellas (中篇小说) like Billy Budd《比利· 巴德》and so on. Many of his works are steeped in(充满着)metaphor and allegory(寓言), at times cynical(愤世嫉俗的，冷嘲的), others satirical(讽刺性的).
The novel Moby Dick was finished in 1851. It is Melville's masterpiece. This is a rich, deep and forceful novel. It describes the dread fight between Pequod Captain Ahab, who engaged in the whaling industry for 40 years, and a huge, ferocious whale Moby Dick in the first half of 19 th century, the vigorous era of whaling industry of America, reflecting the auther ’s doubts and fears towards the great development of capitalism. 1851年完成的长篇小说《白鲸》(即《莫 比·迪克》)是麦尔维尔的代表作。这是一部 寓意丰富、深刻、笔触雄浑的长篇小说。它 记述在19世纪上半叶美国捕鲸业蓬勃发展的 年代，从事捕鲸业40年的百戈号捕鲸船船长 亚哈在同一条巨大凶猛的白鲸莫比·迪克搏 斗中船破身亡的经历，反映出作者对当时资 本主义巨大发展的疑虑和惶恐心情。
The book tells a story between whaler Captain Ahab and a white whale named Moby Dick from the South Pacific. Ahab was bitten off a leg by the white whale when he was young in whaling. Then he has borne a grudge, and set foot on the road of revenge. He commanded the ship travel across all the oceans just to track the dreaded huge whale. At the end of the story, it writes that : Ahab finally found the white whale and launched a desperate struggle, but unfortunately ended in failure. Although he had stabbed this white whale, but it was very tenacious and cunning, chewed the boat and sank the ship. When the whale dragged the whaler to escape, the rope twined Ahab, he was hanged. Whole people on the boat drowned. Only a sailor fled through the coffin of the reform of the lifesaving. The whole story is given to us by the survivor Ishmael in a self-reported way.
Plor a whaling adventure Meets Queequeg Sign with the whaleship Pequod Captain Ahab appears Only purpose of Ahab is killing Moby Dick Starbuck argues with Ahab Several sinister omens appear Find Moby Dick Two fights between Moby Dick & the crew First one: Moby Dick escapes Second one: All the crew die except Ishmael
Writing Thought 写作思想
end : Once exposure to nature, the only choice is to act as a conqueror, the relationship between the conqueror and the conquered object is inevitable the opposite. The two are incompatible with each other. Melville especially highlight it on the shape of the captain Ahab, make it the soul of this book. 《白鲸》从始到终贯穿一条主线：人一旦置身于大自然中， 唯一的选择只有充当征服者，他与被征服对象的关系必然是对 立的，两者是彼此仇视的、互不相容的。麦尔维尔对亚哈船长 的塑造尤其突出了这一点，使其成为《白鲸》这部书的灵魂 . “Conquest and possession” is indeed a big theme of the era before and after 1851, Melville clinged to it, and took possession of it in the writing of “Moby Dick” . “征服和占有”确实是1851前后那个时代的大主题，麦尔维尔紧 紧地抓住了它，又在《白鲸》写作中占有了它。