Step by step 3000 book 2Unit1 Part 1 原文Part 1 Warming upA Tapescript:The Porter FamilyMr William Porter is very old. He's 87. And Mrs Catherine Porter is80. Mr Porter is from Wales. John Porter and Mary are brother and sister John Porter is 53 and he's a lawyer.His wife Susan is 48 ,and she's an architect.James Porter and Joan Lee are cousins. James Porter is 24 and Joan Lee is 17.B Tapescript:Here are a few general ideas I believe help make a marriage work:1.Go on dates with each other.Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together.2. Be as specific as you can when you complain ,make a request ,or offer praise.3. When stressed by fatigue or your own insecurities ,imagine you and your partner in a foxhole ,surrounded by danger.Instead of striking out at your partner ,find a way to protect the partnership!4. When you feel "distant ," talk about it with your partner.5. Be assured that partners in all marriages sometimes get tired,irritable ,or distracted. Work together to understand each other.6. Respect each other.Leave if danger exists. Find professional help if physical ,sexual ,emotional ,or verbal abuse occurs.7. Fight to "understand ," not to "win. "C Tapescript:Having been married for more than 40 years ,I can attest to truth of the following statement: To excel in the art of domestic argument ,one must master the art of losingModern psychologists are taken with the "lose-lose" solution. But inmarriage ,success resides more in "lose-lose" solutions. Out of these ,both parties can win. For in the love configuration ,losing gives a gift that always returns.The issues that people argue over most in marriage ,such as how to spend money ,often aren't the real ones. The key issue is: who is going to be in control? When I was younger,my need to control arose out of fear,a lack of trust ,insecurity. The day I finally realized I needn't to controlmy wife-that ,indeed ,I ought not to control her ,that I couldn't control her ,and that if I try to ,I would destroy our marriage - was the day our marriage began.What is it we want most from a marriage? To love and be loved. To be happy and secure .To grow to discover A love relationship is the garden in which we plant ,cultivate and harvest the most precious of crops ,our own self,and in which our spouse is provided the same rich soil in which to bloom.We cannot obtain what we want unless our partner also gets what he or she wants. So remember: if you want to feel loved and respected ,give up control.Unit1 Part 1 答案Part I - A87, 80, 53, 48, 24, 17Part I - B1.spending special time together.2.specific, complain, request, praise.3.fatigue, insecurities, foxhole, striking out , protect.4.distant5.all marriages, Work together o understand6.Respect, danger, professional, physical, verbal7.Understand, winPart I - C40, excel, domestic argument, losingwin-win, lose-lose, win, a gift, returnsargue over, aren't, who, in control, fear, didn't need, ought not to , couldn't, tried to, destroy, marriage love, loved, secure, discover, garden, cultivate, the most precious, own self, bloom.obtain, our partner, loved and respected, control.Unit1 Part 2 原文Part 2A Tapescript:Many people in Western cultures choose their own wives and husbands. In many other cultures ,spouses are often chosen by the parents In China and Japan before this century (20th century) ,upper-class marriages were arranged by the older males. In many cultures in the MiddleEast ,Asia ,and pre-industrial Europe ,the man's family negotiated negotiated a"bride price" with the woman's family :the man's family was expected to pay it.In Hindu India ,the bride's family paid a "groom's price" to the family of the man. These customs are weakening : for instance ,only 9. 2 percent of Japanese marriages are now arranged.What are the criteria for choosing mates? Most marriages-whether arranged by families or occurring from personal attraction or love-are based on similar social backgrounds. In other words ,the man and the woman come from the same social class ( or else a class that is only slightly higher or slightly lower). Among many people in Egypt ,key members of the man's family must go to the family of the woman and propose marriage. These family members must be able to show that the man's family is at least of the same social class as the woman and that a certain amount of money exists to allow the marriage to go forward.Having the same race or the same ethnic background is the second main criterion for marriage throughout the world. In the U. S. ,where there are many different races ,only 3 percent of all marriages are between blacks and whites ,meaning that the races are still largely separate in marriage.In many countries ,marriage is also based on the woman and man having the same religion :this is a third common criterion for choosing a mate. In cultures in which religion is a very strong value ,marriages would often not take place if there were religious differences.B Tapescript:A: What do you think it is that attracts people to each other ,that makespeople want to be together?B: I think that perhaps unfortunately in the initial stages it' s the physicalappearance that attacts. I think unless you find somebody attractive ,unless there's something about them一it could only perhaps be theway they smile or they laugh ,or a twinkle in their eye ,or the way acurl falls over their forehead. But something like that has to make youinterested enough to find out more about that person ,unless that'sthere I think you just don't bother.So initially physical attraction Ithink is all-important.A: Why do you say" unfortunately" ?B: Because in fact it shouldn't be what somebody looks like that is important.You should be able to look beyond the physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is ,whether they're selfish or selfless ,whether they're kind ,caring. But I think initially you're not bothered with that.That comes perhaps later.A: In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and so on ,the idea of falling in love is always emphasized ,so people havethis idea that you have to fall in love. Do you think this is misleading for people? Do you think people expect something that in fact doesn't exist?B: Yes I do ,in fact I think we can probably lay the blame for the high percentage of divorces-it's a third I think now ,isn't it?I think one in three people get divorced. Probably as far as I can see it ,the reason is that they go into marriage or into a relationship with a very romantic view of love which I think has been created by the pop songs ,by all the love stories ,by the Barbara Cartland novels ,etc.·,that young people read. Really ,you meet someone ,you fall in love ,and that' s it ,it' s the beginning ,they live happily ever after.And I think that' s the problem ,because people just expect that ,and it's not like that.A: So what is it ,do you think ,that really sustains a relationship ,that keeps a relationship going?B: Well ,I think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody ,which I see as more superficial ,and loving somebody ,which I see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts. Falling in love is superficial attraction ,being attracted to somebody physically , having fun together ,whereas loving somebody I think is an emotion that grows ,it comes with shared experiences ,perhaps enjoying doing the same things together ,shared hobbies ,shared interests ,suffering together as well ,going through the bad times ,helping each other , supporting each other. I think all that needs time to grow ,and I' d call that love ,and I think that' s what makes a relationship last.C Tapescript;For years men and women have been getting married. They say their wedding vows which bring them together as one. They promise to love and cherish each other until death do them part.When a man and a woman get married ,it is one of the biggest decisions they will make in life. A man may select a woman because he ,in his own eyes ,sees her as the" just-right" wife for him. Every man has his own definition of what the "just-right" wife is. For instance ,the millionaire man and the poor man both may define their "just-right" wife according to her physical qualities.A millionaire may describe his "just-right" wife as charming ,beautiful ,sexy ,intelligent ,and well developed. On the other hand ,a poor man may define his "just-right" wife as pleasing ,attractive ,desirable ,knowledgeable ,and shapely. Both men describe their" just-right" wife by the same physical qualities but use different words.Although some men define the "just-right" wife by her physical qualities,other men describe their "just-right" wife by her athletic qualities.For example ,the outdoors man may define his "just-right" wife as a woman who loves to fish ,to camp ,to hunt ,and to water ski ,whereas the inside sportsman may define his "just-right" wife as a woman who enjoys watching football ,basketball ,baseball ,and wrestling. Both of these men define their" just-right" wife by her sports qualities but in two different atmospheres.Men from all nationalities also have their definition of the" just-right"wife. For example ,the Italian man describes his woman as a woman who stands six feet one inch tall with blonde hair and blue eyes ,and who is well developed in the upper portion of her body. On the other hand ,the French man may describe his ideal woman as a woman who stands only five feet three inches with brown hair and green eyes ,and who is moderately built.Other nationalities ,such as the German man .and the Spanish man , may define their" just-right" wife as a woman with style. The German man may describe his "just-right" wife as a woman who likes to drive expensive sports cars ,a woman who visits a different foreign country every month and wears only the most expensive designer clothing. But the Spanish man may define his "just -right" wife as a woman who enjoys giving dinner parties every weekend ,wearing a lot of jewelry ,and drinking expensive wines.Unit1 Part 2 答案Part II- AA21.similar social backgrounds.2.the same race or same ethnic background.3.the same religion.A3Japan / 9.2% / arranged marriages3% / between blacks and whitesPart II - B1.physical appearance;2.what somebody looks like, ....., look beyond the physical appearance3.the high percentage of divorces.4.falling love with somebody,..... ,loving somebodyPart II - Cone of the biggest decisions they will make in life,as the "just-right" wife for him,definition of what the "just-right"wife is,the millionaire man and the poor man ,her physical qualities,different words,by her physical qualities,by her athletic qualities,in two different atmospheres,also have their definition of the "just-right" wife,the German man's definition is different from the Spanish man's.Unit1 Part 3 原文Part 3B Tapescript;Ka-kate Ke-Kerry Co-Coralyn J-Jill Ca-CaroleKa: I was on my way home from junior high and in order to get to my house you have to walk by this baseball diamond. And there was a game of baseball going on and it looked kind of interesting ,so I stopped. There weren't very many people watching. And there was this guy and he wasn't really very good-looking ,but he had frizzly hair and glasses and he was really funny. He did this kind of monologue thing ,which was great.And I went home and I told my mother I was going to marry him after talking to him for half an hour.And when I got to high school ,he was president of the student body and he asked me out and. .. we've got our picture in the yearbook together holding hands ,and it' s really niceKe: Well ,I' d arranged to have a drink with a . .. friend of mine . . a ... a woman friend of mine who's a platonic friend of mine. And she . .. insisted on bringing this friend of hers which . .. who she said I' d like to meet and . .. I thought she was ring to fix us up and I said ,"Please don't!" Urn . .. but she did bring this friend Urn . .. and... we hit it off.And... after the wine bar we went to . .. to have a pizza and we all got . .. had a few more drinks and . .. the other woman who ... ended up ordering a pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that I really liked and she . .. I ordered apizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that she really liked ,so we picked at each other's pizzas all night and we realized that we were. .. sort of had an ideal relationship ,so that we could order really any pizza on the menu and. .. we'd both be happy. And. anyway we ended up living together and still are.Co : Urn . .. we met at a paty and it was a fancy-dress party. A friend of mine's twenty-first and it was quite big and I went dressed as Alice in Wonderland and . .. this person ,this guy that . .. I married was dressed as the Cheshire Cat.And it just seemed so amazing that ,you know ,we were both from the same thing and we started chatting and ended up being together. J: well.... 1' d arranged to go to the cinema with a group of friends and . .. unfortunately I missed the train that would have got me to the cinema on time ,so all my friends had gone in and I was left standing outside-the film had started. So I wasn't allowed in. And . .. there was a chap outside ,he'd also missed the film and we started to talk and . .. we talked quite a bit and he said ,"Le t' s go down the road and see that film ,because that one hasn't started at the Odeon. " So we went downthere and. .. well ,we've been going out ever since!Ca: I... I first met my partner . .. when he was on a boat and I was on the river bank ,standing and looking generally into the distance and he was coming in to land with his boat and he threw me a rope and said ,"Would you mind catching this?" and I caught it and missed and tripped over it and fell in the river and he had to dive in and rescue me. And that was it!Unit1 Part 3 答案Part IIIA baseball diamond frizzly hair / glasses/ funny/ monologueA wine bar pizzaA fancy-dress party the man dressed as Cheshire CatOutside a cinema coincidence/ he'd also missed the filmA boat/ the river bank fell in river/ he dived in and rescued herUnit1 Part 4原文Part4B Tapescript:John Blanchard stood tip from the bench ,straightened his army uniform,and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew ,but whose face he didn't ,the girl with the rose. Hi s interest in her had begun thirteen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued ,not with the words of the book ,but with the notes penciled in the margin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book ,he discovered the previous owner's name ,Miss Hollis Maynell.With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond. The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War II. During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail.Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding. Blanchard requested a photograph ,but she refused. She felt that if he really cared ,it wouldn't matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return from Europe ,they scheduled their first meeting-7: 00 p. m. at the Grand Central Station in New York."You will recognize me ," she wrote ,"by the red rose I' ll be wearing on my lapel." So at 7: 00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved ,but whose face he'd never seen. I' ll let MrBlanchard tell you what happened.A young woman was coming toward me ,her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears. Her eyes were as blue flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness ,and in her pale green suit she was like spring time coming alive. I started toward her , entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved , a small ,provocative smile curved her lips. "Going my way ,sailor?" she murmured. Al most uncontrollably I made one step closer to her ,and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. A woman well past 40 ,she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat... She was. more than plump ,her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away.I felt as though I was split into two ,so keen was my desire to follow her ,and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own. And there she stood. Her pale plump face was gentle and sensible ,her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify me to her.This would not be love , but it would be something precious ,something perhaps even better than love.I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman ,even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment: "I' m Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?" The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about ,son ," she answered ,"but the young lady in the green suit who just went by ,she begged me to wear this rose on mycoat.And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner ,I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street.She said it was some kind of test'" It' s not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom.Unit1 Part 4答案Part IVBook, choked, disappointment, take you to dinner, tolerant smile, went by, rose, big restaurant, test, understand and admireUnit2 Part 1 原文Part1ATapescript:1.TAURUS April 21-May 21 ,represented by a bull2.VIRGO August 23-September 23 ,represented by a young woman3. CAPRICORN December 22-January 20 ,represented by a goat4. PISCES February 20一-March 20 ,represented by two fish5. AQUARIUS January 21-February 19,represented by the water-bearer6.LEO July 23-August 22 ,represented by a lion7. CANCER June 22-July 22 ,represented by a crab8. ARIES March 21-April 20 ,represented by a ram9. GEMINI May 22-June 21 ,represented by twins10. SAGITTARIUS November 23-December 21 ,represented by a centaur (= half human and half horse) shooting an arrow11. SCORPIO October 24-November 22 ,represented by a scorpion12. LIBRA September 24-0ctober 23 ,represented by a pair of measuring scalesB Tapescript:W: Hey ,Kevin. Help me fill out this personality survey. It 'll be fun.M: Oh ,I don't know.W: Oh ,come on . .. OK ,here's the first one - what should I put for "aggressive" ?M: Uh-oh ... I... I' d say "very"W: Very? Really?M: Yeah ,sure. Look at the way you drive!W: Well ,OK ,so I' m a very aggressive driver... but... you have todrive like that in this city ,or you're gonna be hit ,because.M,Uh . .. wha t' s the next one ?W· "Selfish."M: Oh ,not at all.W: Really? Well ,...maybe just a little . ... I mean ,a lot of people are , right? Just a little bit? You know ,I mean ,I try to think of other people ,but sometimes I do just think of myself ,I guess.M: OK ,OK ,so put "not very. "W: OK.M: But you can put" extremely" for the next one.W: What? Oh ,"kind"?M: Yes. Don't you think you're an extremely kind person?W: I am? OK ,if you say so. Oh ,look at this next one.M: Oh ,"patient" !W:Yeah.M: Hmm...I don't know. Sometimes you can be really patient ,but other times you're not patient at all. Like remember that time in line at the supermarket when you got...W: OK ,OK. I get your point:I' ll put" sort of."M: OK ,that's right.W: Next one. .. "jealous." I guess I' m sort of jealous.M: Sort of? I' d put "very. " Remember how angry you got when my ex-girlfriend called the other day? I thought you're gonna raise the roof.. .W: All right ,all right."Very. "M: Oh ,OK ,what' s the next one?W: That' s all.M :That's all?W: Yeah. But now it's your turn.C Tapescript:1.GeorgeW-Woman G-GeorgeW: So what are you going to do after you graduate ,George?G: I' m going to start my own business.W: Oh ,really? What type of business?G: Well ,I haven't decided yet ,but I know I' ll be successful in anything I do. In fact ,I' m going to be one of the top business people in town in less than five years. Just wait and see! I have everything it takes I' m smart ,I can organize people. And I' m full of ideas that can make money.2. KarenK-KarenK: Hey! Look at this wallet on the sidewalk. Wow! There's lots of money in it . .. but no identification. umm... I wonder how I can find the owner? I guess I' ll take it to the police station and see if anyone's reported a lost wallet.3. PamM-Man P-PamM: What are you doing tonight ,Pam?P: Well ,I was supposed to meet Bill after work for a movie ,but I don't feel like going. I think I' ll go shopping instead.M: Won't Bill get mad?P: Oh ,I' m sure he can find something else to do.M· Oh?P: Besides ,I really need some new clothes. I haven't bought any for nearly a month!M· Huh!Unit2 Part 1 答案Part I-A1- h, 2-d, 3-j, 4-k, 5-b, 6-i,7-g, 8-e, 9-l, 10-f, 11-c, 12-aPart I - BVery, not very, extremely, sort of, veryPart I- CAmbitious and proudHelpful and honestSelfish and unreliableUnit2 Part 2原文Part2A Tapescript:Scientists have learned a great deal about the parts of brain and their functions. They have also studied the development of the personality ,for example ,how a baby learns to love. In recent studies at two universities in the United States ,scientists have investigated the development of self-esteem.Self-esteem is the respect a person has for himself ,his belief in his ability and in the value of what he does. The scientists studied self-esteem in young boys. They gave them many tests. These tests measured the boys' abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities. After the tests ,the boys were divided into three groups - those with high self-esteem ,those with middle self-esteem and those with low self-esteem. The scientists continued to study the boys in all situations. They studied them at home ,at work ,in school ,and with their friends.From their studies ,the scientists made some observations. Boys with high self-esteem were active. They were able to express their ideas. They were successful in school and in their relations with other people. In discussions ,they led. They didn't just listen.. They were interested in world problems. They were creative and believed that they could finish whatever they started. They seldom became tired or sick. In many ways , the boys with middle self-esteem were like the boys with high self-esteem. They too expressed their ideas freely and saw the world as a good and happy place. However ,they were not sure of their own value as people. They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked them. The boys with low self-esteem were different from the other two groups. They were sad most of the time. They were afraid to start activities. They felt that no one loved them. They could not express their ideas. They were afraid of anger.In a discussion ,they listened ,but they didn't talk.The scientists asked ,"How do some boys develop high self-esteem?" "What is different in their lives?" Some of the answers were surprising. High self-esteem did not depend upon physical appearance ,or money ,or size of family. It did not depend upon how much the mother was at home. The scientists found that there was a closeness between the boys with high self-esteem and their parents. Their parents showed real interest in them ,and spent time with them. They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it.They knew their sons' friends. The sons knew that they were important to their parents. These parents demanded good behavior.They made definite rules. They were strict ,but not harsh. They corrected their sons' behavior by rewards ,not by punishment.They never took away their love. On the other hand ,the Parents of boys with low self-esteem let their sons do almost anything. If a boy made a mistake ,the parents punished him harshly. The boys believed that their parents didn't love them. There were no definite rules. The family life of the boys with high self-esteem was democratic. The parents made rules ,but they led in a kind and thoughtful way. They showed respect for their children's ideas ,even when they did not agree with them. They let the boys give their opinions in discussions of family plans. These boys were productive citizens. Now these scientists are studying other groups of children. They want to learn how to help children with low self-esteem feel better about themselves. In this way ,these children can become productive citizens too.Unit2 Part 2 答案Part IIYoung boys1. Measure the boys' abilities and how they felt about their own abilities;2.Three groups--those with high self-esteem/middle self-esteem/low self-esteem3. In all situation--at home/ at work/ in school/ with friends1. Active/able to express ideas/successful in school and in relations with other people/creative/led in discussions/interested in world problems/seldom tired or sick2. Like the boys with high self-esteem/express ideas freely/saw the world as a good and happy place/ not sure of their own value3. Sad most time/ afraid to start activities/ felt no love/ couldn't express ideas/ afraid of anger/no talk in discussiona. closenessb. good behavior b.almost anythingc.definite, strict, kind and thoughtful c. no definited. rewards d. harsh punishmente. democratic, respectedf. importance, taken away f. didn't love themUnit2 Part 3 原文Part3A Tapescript:When most people are sad,they know the feeling is only temporary .But there are large numbers of people who stay sad for a long time. These people suffer from the common mental sickness known as depression. Depression can affect anyone. Researchers say one out of ten persons in the world has the chance of developing a major depression at some time.About 80 percent of the depressed patients can be helped with one of several drugs that have all been found effective in treating depression. Doctors say,however ,the drugs must be used very carefully .Depression also can be treated without drugs. Some doctors say that moderate activity four or five times a week can help treat minor depression. For example ,running or walking rapidly for 30 minutes four times a week can improve mental as well .as physical health. The traditional treatment for depression known as psycho-therapy calls for depressed people to spend an hour or more each week talking about their condition with doctor trained to treat mental problems. Discussion is supposed to help depressed people discover new ways of thinking and dealing with probles·Public education is needed to help people better understand depression.B1 Tapescript:Speaker 1I actually. .. I ,I very rarely get angry ,en,I ,I' ve quite a long Tet er when it comes to anger ,en which doesn't mean ,I: really don't believe I' m suppressing any anger at all ,er ,but ,it manifests itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example ,I' m ,I' m ,if I' m buying a . .. railway ticket or something and the ,...the guy behind the counter is very surly and er ,you know refuses to treat me ,er like a human being , I won't be ,get angry with him but I' ll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. (Oh... yes ,one of those ,yes. . . ) (laughter) And er that for me ,that for me serves its purpose. I do feel er very . .. I feel very cleansed after a situation like that. Oh ,I ,of course I do sometimes ,if it' s absolutely necessary I do get very angry ,if I' m takenthat far. But I certainly don't suppress any anger.Speaker 2Well ,my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. (Laughter) I mean ,if I do not sleep well ,I wake up in the morning ,I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody. If I sleep well ,then everything's fine. I' m a joyous ,warm ,loving person. Sleepless nights , I' m full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound ,that's how I work. ( mm) And it's terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. (Laughter) If I' m looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way ,so ,er . .. in a way ,anger is something that I have to get out.I do not carry it around by weeping ,and like crying. I believe in dumping it.B2 Tapescript:A: Apparently ,in ,er . .. I don't know if this is true ,but in Japan ,if factory workers er get a bit uptight or angry ,they can go out into er ,the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags there with pictures of their boss. (laughter) And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. (Great... oh right) And they go back to work and they feel great.B: Oh God yes,well ,that brings us on to laughing then. (laughter) That made me laugh.C: Well that' s one way of dealing with anger as well ,I suppose ,if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. Urn ,I think laughter is ,is·again ,one of the most wonderful releases , and ,and ,er I mean I think that it' s actually been proved that you know the chemical that is released when you laugh is ,is is life-enhancing and life ,er elongating too ,you know. (Yeah) It promotes a healthy ,a healthier being.。