当前位置:文档之家› 语用学 deixisppt课件

语用学 deixisppt课件

(1)你想在事业上取得成功,你就必须
下一番苦功夫。
(2)你要记住,我们(=你)是学生,我们(= 你)的主要任务是学习。
11
(3)同志,咱们(=你们)这儿有海尔电 冰箱吗?
(4)咱们(=你,对小孩)别哭,妈妈给 你拿好吃的。
Q. 汉语中哪些情况下第二人称指示信 息可以用第一人称指示语来表达??
这种现象的语用学解释??
12
第二人称指示还可以泛指任何人,这时 用单数\复数代词表示?
4
classification
Person deixis: me, you, etc.人称指示 patial/place deixis: here, there…地点指示
Temporal/time deixis: now, then…时间指示
Others termed discourse deixis (that, this) Social deixis (tu, vous) 篇章指示 社交指示
6
2. Pragmatic description
2.1 categories used to describe deixis
Person deixis: the role of participants
1st person: the speaker 2nd person: the hearer 3rd person: third party (neither
Deixis
指 示 语
1
1. What is Deixis?
1) Knowledge is power. 2) I am the British Prime Minister. 3) The President met the British Prime
Minister there yesterday.
Q. Can truth-conditional semantics account for these three sentences equally well? If not, where are the differences between them?
2
1.2 Defining Deixis
Let’s give you a hand. (=Let me give you a hand.) 汉语??我们--我?
9
第一人称复数代词借指单数的 功能在汉语中是常见的。
(1)经过观察和分析,我们认 为…… (2)本文只对乔姆斯基的转换 生成语法作一概述,有关它的 近期发展我们准备另文介绍。 (3)咱们(=我)是个计算机 盲,不会拨弄那玩意儿。
A deictic expression is used to indicate something in the immediate context. So a deictic expression encodes information in context (Yule, 1996)
3
Deictics are expressions whose interpretations make essential reference to certain aspects of their contexts of utterance, including the role of participants in the speech event and their spatio-temporal and social location.
the speaker nor the hearer)
7
学生:“A病了,今天不能去上课了, 他让我跟您请个假。”
教授:“好的,我知道了。那么, 你是谁?”
学生:“是我的同屋。”(Levinson,1983) 人称指示是以发话人作基准的,受话 人理解话语时自然要对人称指示作相 应的变换。这已成为一语 (1)Let’s go to the cinema. (2)? Let’s go to see you tomorrow.
根据夸克等人(Quirk et. al)合著的 《当代英语语法》(1973),let’s在非 常通俗的口语中有时也可用作单数,这 就是说它可以不包括谈话的对方,而只 借指单数的“让我”,相当于let me:
A technical term from Greek, meaning “pointing” via language.
Any linguistic form used to accomplish this “pointing” is called a deictic expression, which is also called an indexical.
To put it simply, those expressions whose meaning cannot be fully understood without reference to the context in which they are uttered, or whose references depend critically on the context in which they are uttered (Levinson,
10
2nd person
1. We should not do it, Tom. 2. You should not do it, Tom. Style: intimate
汉语第二人称指示语?? 第二人称指示信息有时可以通过第一人称指
示语表达。
(1)我相信,我们(=你们)每个青年同志一定 不会辜负党和国家对我们(=你们)的期望。
5
Deictic expressions include definite noun phrases, personal pronouns, demonstratives, adverbs, tenses, etc.
表空间位置的副词: Johnny lives upstairs. Harry lives nearby.
相关主题