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---------------本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载-------------- 解读双城记中的人道主义
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Introduction
Charles Dickens is one of the greatest English critical
realist in the 19th century. And he has achieved a
growing recognition since his first novel was published.
Most of his novels show his comic talent, his humor, his
dramatic dialogue, the meaningful concerns and his
spectacular gift for shaping memorable characters, etc.
But what we can never forget is his main
theme---humanitarianism. Humanitarianism is an active
belief in the value of human life, whereby humans
practice benevolent treatment and provide assistance to
other humans, in order to better humanity for both moral
and logical reasons. It is the philosophical belief in
movement towards the improvement of the human race
in variety of areas, used to describe a wide number of
activities relating specifically to human welfare.
Humanitarianism is an informal ideology of practice; it is
the doctrine that people’s duty is to promote human
welfare. Humanitarianism begins from the Renaissance ---------------本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载--------------
---------------本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载-------------- and it bases on the universal humanity. It is an
ideological system started from Italy of the 15th century
urging an outlook of respecting people and always giving
central area to humanity. Humanitarianism is based on a
view that all human beings deserve respect and dignity
and should be treated as such. It is a rule that was
summed up to “liberty, equality and fraternity” during the
French Revolution and played anti-feudal role during
that time. In a word, humanitarianism is a humanistic
way to care the human’s suffering. Humanitarianism
proscribes slavery,cannibalism and discrimination on the
basis of features such as color of skin, ancestry, place of
birth, etc.( 116) Therefore, humanitarians work towards
advancing the well-being of humanity as a whole. The
humanitarians believe that human beings are all kind and
morality can be ameliorated. They call on human beings
should use humanitarianism as the weapon to educate
people.
Humanitarianism，especially the central part of it,
benevolence which was strongly advocated by Dickens
was the best answer to the existence of human. Seeing
through it, the feudal aristocrats and ordinary people both ---------------本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载--------------
---------------本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载-------------- need the morality of humanitarianism and benevolence.
The social contradiction has spread around that society.
Dickens was aware of it and hoped that the common
people struggle to pursue happiness rather than living
under the oppression of the aristocrats. “He advocated
humanity and integrity and opposed the aristocrats who
tyrannized over the public.”(Hu 20) From his point of
view, humanitarianism and benevolence were last truth
which was needed by human beings and society.
A Tale of Two Cities is Dickens’ most representatives,
successful and brilliant work, it occupies a central place
in the canon of Charles Diclens’ works.(Su Jian 119). It
was published in 1859 when he was at the height of his
stage as a novelist. Dickens has never lose faith in the
necessary goodness of the human beings . Even though
many of his positive characters are unfairly destroyed by
negative forces of the society, some are able to get
victory and achieve happiness.
As Edgar stated：
The world he created shines with undying life , and the
hearts of men still vibrate to his indignant anger, his
love ,his glorious laughter, and his triumphant faith in the ---------------本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载--------------
---------------本文为网络收集精选范文、公文、论文、和其他应用文档，如需本文，请下载-------------- dignity of man.(Laurie Lauzen Harris,and Sheila
Fitzherald 138)
This novel uses the French Revolution as its writing
background and the novel shows convincingly the
author’s aim to point out the injustice and oppression in
pre-revolutionary France and the justification of the
revolution.( Chen Jia, Song Wenlin. 47-48.) He makes up
the character of Mr. Manette’s experience as the main
clue of the story ,mixing three closely-related themes
prison, love and revenge. On the one hand, he expresses
his great anger to the feudal aristocrats, his sympathy to
the sufferings of the common people and he reviews the
inevitability for the revolution to break out; on the other
hand, he describes the cruelty of the bloody revolution ,
and the failure to achieve a ideal society which the
revolution intends to probe for. And then it advocates
Dickens’s opinion that the society should use the
morality to be educated, should use the humanity instead
of violence to be improved. In the novel, Dickens fights
for the poor and sympathizes their suffering; attacks
“good old days”, which to him were evil times filled with
violence and injustice; and criticizes publicly the cruelty