初一英语语法，时态专题复习一、一般现在时：（1、现在的状态。
2、经常或习惯性动作。
3、主语所具备的性格和水平。
4、真理。
1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天）every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）2、结构：（1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.）练习：1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom.2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here.3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate.4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six.5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be).6. ____ her parent tall? No, he____.（2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do 协助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 协助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.- s 2. 辅音+y：study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes.1)His parents _______(watch) TV every night. 肯定句1) My brother _________(do) homework every day.2)His parents _________(not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother________(not do)homework every day.3)_____his parents_____(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)______ your brother _____ homework every day?Yes, they _______. No, they _______. Yes, he______. No, he _________.4)When___ his parents _____(watch) TV? 特疑4)When _____ your brother ____(do) homework?They watch TV every night. He does homework every day.二．现在实行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在实行的动作。
1、标志：now（现在）listen（看）look（听）at the moment（此刻）2、结构：主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)现在分词的构成：1.-ing：eat-eating,sing-singing 2.辅音字母+e：take-taking3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,get（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing.）4、特殊变化：lie-lying,die-dying 练习：1. Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_________(not take) in the park now. 3._______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _____. No, he _______.4. Where _________Jim ____________ photos now? In the park.1.我们正在吃晚餐。
2、我们每天6点起床。
We __________________________. We __________________ at six every day.3．你们在聊天吗？是的。
4、他们常常聊天吗？不是。
_______ they _______? Yes, they _____. ______ they often ______ ? No, they ________.5、他在做什么？他在做作业。
6、他晚上常干什么？他常做作业。
What ____he ___? He_______. What ___he usually ___ in the evening? He usually______.答案： 1.are having dinner 2. get up 3. Are , talking , are 4. Do , talk, don’t5. is doing, is doing homework6. does, do, does , homework综合练习：1.Mr Green _____(be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field. 2.Listen! Who_______(sing)?3.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework?4.You can_______(come) here by bus.5. Who ____(have) a ruler?6.Are they_____(clean) the room?7.-____ you____(eat) dinner? – Yes, we are.8.Jack ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball. 9._______Jim _______(like)______(run)?10.They _____(be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese. 11. He wants _________________(be) tall.三．一般过去时态：英语中表示过去某时发生的动作或情况的时态是一般过去时。
1、标志：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago…（两天前……）、last year…（去年…）、the other day（前几天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、just now（刚才）、in the old days（过去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前…）、WhenI was 8 years old（当我八岁时…）、at+一个时间点2.、表现形式：动词过去式（规则变化和不规则变化两种）3、规则变化：（1）一般情况+ed ，如pulled visit ed(2)以不发音e字母结尾的单词+d,如liked,dance d(3)以辅音字母＋y结尾去y变i＋ed,worried,studied(4)重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed,stopped,shopped4.不规则变化参考不规则动词表5、练习：He a student.他曾是一名学生。
否定句He a student.一般疑问句he a student?肯定回答， .否定回答， .They had a meeting last night. 他们昨晚开了一个会。
否定句They a meeting last night. 一般疑问句they a meeting last night?肯定回答， .否定回答， .提问： they last night?四．冠词：英语中冠词分为定冠词（the）、不定冠词（a/an）和零冠词（不用冠词）1.a用于辅音音素（不是辅音字母）前；an用于元音音素（不是元音字母）前。
如，An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This isa usual thing.2.定冠词the的用法：定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有“那(这)个”的意思，但较弱，能够和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
（上文提到过的人或事；指世界上独一无二的事物；用在序数词和形容词最高级，形容词等前面；乐器的名词前；用在惯用语中；姓氏的复数名词之前表示一家人专有名词前等等）例如the sun，the rich 富人，on the second floor，the United States 美国play the piano，the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)in the day,在白天3.通常我们在三类名词前不带冠词：复数可数名词、不可数名词和专有名词。
但是，用来指特定的事物时，the能够出现在复数名词和不可数名词前面。
Girls like shopping when they are free. 女孩总是喜欢在空闲的时候购物Rice is very important to our country. China is a big country.1. He has already worked for ______ hour. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填2. Alice is fond of playing ______ piano. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填五．数词：基数词和序数词（一）. 基数词.1.基数词的读法.1)1---12 ：one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve2)13---19：词尾加-teen ：thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 ：逢十词尾加-ty ：twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety4)21----99：在十位与个位之间加连字符构成.5)101---999 ：先说几百, 再加and ,再加末尾两位数或个位数.101---one hundred and one 238----two hundred and thirty-eight（二）. 序数词基数词变序数词，基数词变序数词口诀一二三，特殊记，结尾字母t,d,d; (first second third )八减t（eighth）,九减e(ninth),f来把v e替(twelfth)；ty变y为i e,然后再加th(twentieth);如果遇到遇到几十几，只变个位就能够(twenty-one---- twenty first)。