1.5 Flora
Forests now cover about 9% (4,450 km or one million acres) of the land. Because of its mild climate, many species, including sub-tropical species such as palm trees, are grown in Ireland. Much of the land is now covered with pasture, and there are many species of wild-flower. Gorse (Ulex europaeus), a wild furze, is commonly found growing in the uplands, and ferns are plentiful in
the more moist regions, especially in the western parts of Ireland.
General Information
1. Capital: Dublin
2. Official languages : Irish, English 3. Population: About 4.5 million
Republic of Ireland
GREEN: represents the catholics who want an unit Ireland
WHITE: represents the hope for peace
ORANGE: represents the protestant community
4. Total land area: 81,421 Sq km.
5. The highest peak is Carrauntoohil 1,041
m. The River Shannon, at 386 km is the longest river in Ireland.
History
Sent by Pope Celestine to Ireland in 432 A.D.
Irish Catholicism
The English!
1171 - King Henry of England declared sovereignty, English colonization begins 1509 - Henry VIII, suppression of Catholicism, erasure of Irish 1641, Irish Revolt (Catholics – Protestants) 1800, The Act of Union 1845-1849, the Great Famine
1916, the Easter Rising 1919 ,the Irish War of Independence
Independence FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM

- Declared 24 April 1916 - Ratified 21 January 1919 - Recognised 6 December 1922 - Constitution 29 December 1937 - Left the Commonwealth 18 April 1949 - European Union Membership 1 January 1973




are native to Ireland. Some species, such as the red fox, hedgehog, and badger are very common, whereas others, like the Irish hare, red deer and pine marten are less so. Aquatic wild-life, such as species of turtle, shark, whale, and dolphin, are common off the coast. About 400 species of birds have been recorded in Ireland. Many of these are migratory, including the Barn Swallow. There are no snakes in Ireland and only one reptile (the common lizard) is native to the country. Extinct species include the great Irish elk, the wolf, the
1. Prehistory civilization
2. Celts – 600 BCE 3. St. Patrick , 432– Catholicism
Megaliths
Stone circle in County Cork, ca 3500BC
St. Patrick and Catholie
Mountains
Principal mountain: Mt. Carrantuohill 1041 m
Rivers
Principal river: Shannon 360 Km
1.4 Fauna
Only 26 land mammal species