1、We have an old musical instrument. 我家有件古乐器。
instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”， 尤指医疗、机器等方面的。但它可以用来 泛指各种乐器。
have 没有被动语态 musical instrument乐器 musical乐器的
2、It is called a clavichord. 被称作古钢琴。 call在这里的意思是“把……称为”、“称呼”， 既可用于主动语态，也可用于被动语态：
allow
v. 答应，让
touch
v. 触摸
参考译文
我家有件古乐器，被称作古钢琴，是 1681年德国造的。我们的这架古钢琴存放 在起居室里。我们家有这件乐器已经很久 了， 是我祖父在很多年以前买的。可它最 近被一个客人弄坏了，因为她用它来弹奏 爵士乐。她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了 两根琴弦。我父亲大为吃惊，不许我们再 动它。父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。
★touch v. 触摸 ① vt.&vi. 触摸，碰
You are not allowed to touch the vase. ② vt. 谈及，涉及，关系到
A rise in the cost of living touches everyone. 生活费用的增加与每个人都有关系。
【课文讲解】
★shock v. 使不悦或生气, 震惊
① v. 使不悦或生气, 震动跟人的情绪有关的动词的 宾语往往是 “人” (以sth.为主语)The news shocks me. 这个消息使我震动
② adj. 令人震动的It is shocking.
③ adj. 感到震动凡是能够用 “人” 做宾语, 又是表示 人的情绪活动的动词, 有两个形容词形成：令人 ……（V ing）；感到……（V ed）I'm shocked.
E.g. What do you call this? 你们把这称为什么？
E.g. They call him big Tom. 他们叫他“大个子汤姆”。
3、It was made in Germany in 1681. 它是1681年德国造的。
Make：意为“生产,制造”，常用的搭配有：、 1）be made in somewhere:产于某地
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
jazz
n. 爵士音乐
musical adj. 音乐的
instrument n. 乐器
clavichord n. 古钢琴
recently
adv. 最近
damage
v. 损坏
key
n. 琴键
string
n. （乐器的）弦
shock
v. 使不悦或生气，震动
【New words and expressions】 ★jazz n. 爵士音乐 a kind of music
★musical adj. 音乐的 musical student 有音乐天赋的人 music student 学音乐的人
（the student who learned music）
新概念英语第二册第十课Lesson10-Not-for-jazz
We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
④ n. 震动
sb. get a shock 某人很吃惊
shock 必指坏事, 令人不悦, 生气的
surprise 好事坏事都可以, 只要你没有料到的
I want to give you a big surprise.
★allow v. 答应, 让 allow doing sth. Smoking is allowed.＝people allow smoking allow sb. to do sth. / sb.be allowed to do sth. You are allowed to smoke You are not allowed to enter the room if you don't take the card with you
★damage v. 损坏 ① n. 损害，损失，伤害 The storm has done a lot of damage to the village. ② vt. 损害，毁坏，损坏 The car was badly damaged in the accident.
★key n. 琴键 ① n. 琴键 ② n. 钥匙，答案 key to the door 门钥匙 Do you know the key to the question? ③ adj. 关键的 key structure 关键句型
★instrument n. 乐器 instrument=musical instrumet
surgical instrument 外科手术器械 string instrumen钢琴, 不是现代的piano a kind of instrument
★recently adv. 最近 recently=lately