锅炉计算题
P59页 习题3:
%07.329376.02.346
.81003.141002.341001001212=⨯=--⨯
=--⨯
=ar ar ar ar M M C C
%19.39376.04.31001001
212=⨯=--⨯
=ar ar ar ar M
M H H
%47.09376.05.01001001
212=⨯=--⨯
=ar ar ar ar M
M S S
%34.59376.07.51001001212=⨯=--⨯
=ar ar ar ar M M O O
%75.09376.08.01001001
212=⨯=--⨯
=ar ar ar ar M
M N N
%88.439376.08.461001001
212=⨯=--⨯
=ar ar ar ar M M A A
kg
kJ M
M
M M Q Q ar ar ar ar ar net ar net /131123.14259376.0)6.82514151(25100100)25(2
1
21
1.2,=⨯-⨯⨯+=---⨯+=
习题4:
t M
M
B ar ar 52.95100)
100(1002
1
=--⨯=
kg kJ M
M
M M Q Q ar ar ar ar ar net /2115725100100)25(2
1
21
1.=---⨯+=
课上题1:某种煤收到基含碳量为40%。
由于受外界条件的影响,其收到基水分由15%减少到10%,收到基灰分由25%增加到35%,试求其水分和灰分变化后的收到基含碳量。
解:
222111)(100100
)(100100
ar ar ar ar ar ar C A M C A M +-=
+-
%67.364025151003510100)
(100)(100111
222=⨯+-+-=
+-+-=
)
()
(ar ar ar ar ar ar C A M
A M C
课上题2:已知甲种煤的Q net,ar =29166kJ/kg ,A ar =18%;乙种煤的Q net,ar =18788kJ/kg ,A ar
=15% 。
如果锅炉效率、负荷等条件相同,试问用哪一种燃料锅炉出灰量大?
解:
%
34.318788
158.41868.4186%
58.229166188.41868.4186,,,,=⨯=
=
=⨯=
=
ar
net ar
ar zs ar net ar
ar
zs Q A A Q A :A
乙:甲
ar zs ar zs A A ,,乙甲<,即乙燃料锅炉出灰量大
课上题3:已知锅炉每小时燃煤20 t/h ,燃料成分如下:C ar =49.625% H ar =5.0% O ar =10% N ar =1.375% S ar =1.0% A ar =20% M ar =13% ,锅炉在完全燃烧情况下,如果测得炉子出口处RO 2L =15%,而排烟处RO 2py =12.5%,试求每小时漏入烟道的空气量。
1758.01
375.0625.4910126.0535
.2375.0126.035
.2=⨯+⨯-=+-=ar
ar ar ar S C O H β
86.171758
.0121121RO
max 2
=+=
+=
β
19.115
86.172max
2
==
=
L
L RO RO α
43.15
.1286.172max
2
==
=
py
py RO RO α
24.019.143.1=-=-=∆L py
αα
α
kg Nm
O H S C V ar ar ar ar k / 5.440333.0265.0)375.0(0889.03
=-++=
△V k 0=B △αV k 0=20*103*0.24*5.44=2.611*104 m 3/ h ,
课上题4。
已知理论空气量V k 0=5m 3
/kg ,每小时耗煤量40 t/h 。
当完全燃烧时,测得省煤器前烟气中含氧量O 2′=6.0%,省煤器后烟气中含氧量O 2″=6.6%。
求:实际漏入省煤器的空气量。
解:省煤器前:
4.16
212121212
=-=
'-=
'O α
省煤器出口处: 46.16
.6212121212
=-=
''-=
''O α
漏风系数:△α=1.46 -1.4=0.06
△V k 0=B △αV k 0=40*103*0.06*5=1.2*104 m 3/ h ,
习题8:
%29.81%10021512
1791106.39.23%1003Q 6
,pj =⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯=
⨯=ar
net BQ η
习题9:
kg
/kJ 2699.7100
7
.19575.48.2787100
=⨯-
=-
''=rw i i q
10)(10)(3
3
⨯-+⨯-=gs ps ps gs q gl i i D i i D Q
h /kJ 105.00110
)33.23108.830(2006.010)33.2317.2699(207
3
3
⨯=⨯-⨯⨯+⨯-⨯=
h kg Q Q B ar
net gl gl
/6.128441860
9310010001.57
.=⨯⨯⨯=
=
η
a t B G /8.33759243653=⨯⨯⨯=
习题3:
某燃煤锅炉,蒸发量为10t/h ,将其改造为燃油炉,改造后最高工作压力为1.0MPa ,燃用重油低位发热量为42050kJ/kg ,取给水温度为105℃,蒸汽湿度为2.3%,热效率为91%,燃油锅炉体积热强度q V 为380kW/m 3,试确定在蒸发量不变的条件下所需炉膛体积。
查得:①锅炉给水焓为440.9 kJ/kg ;
②1.0MPa 时,水蒸汽的特性如下:
V BQ q ar net V 3600,=
可知V
ar net q BQ V 3600,=
ar
net gs q ar
net gl gl Q B i i D BQ Q ,3
,10
)(⋅⨯-=
=
η可知gl
gs q ar net i i D BQ η3
,10
)(⨯-=
因此gl
V gs q q i i D V η360010)(3
⨯-=
kg
/kJ 9.2729100
6
.20133.22.2776100
=⨯-
=-
''=rw i i q 3
3
3
39.1891
.0380360010
)9.4409.2729(10360010)(m q i i D V gl
V gs q =⨯⨯⨯-⨯=
⨯-=
η。