四年级语法知识归纳班别_______ 姓名________一、a 和an 的意思都是“一（个/件…），元音字母（a, e, i, o, u）开头的单词用an, 辅音字母开头的单词用a。
练习1、用a或an 填空。
1.___dress,2. _____orange dress,3. ____egg,4. ____ coat,5.___house,6.____ apple,7. ____man,8. _____teacher9.____umbrella(雨伞)二、名词的复数形式变化规律：（1）一般情况下直接加s；（2）以s,x,sh,ch结尾的加es；（3）以辅音字母和y结尾的，y变i，再加es；（4）单复数不变，如：fish,鱼sheep羊,people人等；（5）特殊变有，如：man男人,woman女人,child小孩等练习2、把下列名词改为复数形式。
1.skirt_________,2.doctor__________,3.farmer___________,4.flower__________,5.dress___________,6.box_________,7.story___________,8.library___________,9.boy_________, dy__________, 11.pupil___________, 12.child___________,13.fish_________, 14.woman_____________, 15.policeman_________________,三、人称代词中的主格和宾格，主格和宾格意思相同，但用法不相同，主格用于句首（即动词前面）作主语，宾格用于句末（即动词后面）作宾语。
所有格，表示“某人的”，例如，我的，你的，它的等等，后面要跟名词。
练习3、（1）填写下列表格。
（2）写出下列代词的宾格。
I _______, we________, you________, it________, they _________.（3）写出下列代词的所有格。
I______, we________, you_________, he______, she_______四、be动词：am, are, is,意思都是“是”，通常与名词或形容词连用。
它们的否定形式分别是：am not（没有缩写）, isn’t = is not, aren’t = are not。
练习4、用am, is, are 填空。
1. I _____,2. you ______,3.he_____,4.she______,5. it_____,6.we _______,7.they_______, 8.my father _______, 9.our school ______, 10.the skirts ______, 11.the children______, 12.your brother_______, 13.your friends________.14.this ____, 15.that_____, 16.these________, 17. those _______，五、助动词do和does，它们的否定形式分别是don’t = do not, doesn’t = does not。
常与动词连用，帮助动词变问句和否定句。
其用法要看主语来定，“三单主语”用does, “非三单主语”用do，后面要跟动词原形。
练习5、用do或does填空。
1._____you,2.______they,3._______he,4.________she,5._______it,6._______your father,7._________each group,8._______the children,9._______the boy, 10. ________the boys, 11. ________our school六、have和has的意思都是“有”，表示“某某有”，“三单主语”用has, “非三单主语”用have。
has的否定是：doesn’t have, have的否定形式是don’t have 练习6、用have或has填空。
1. I ________,2. you _______,3.he_______,4.she______,5. it_____,6.we _______,7.they________,8.my father _______,9.our school ________, 10.the house _______,11.the children__________, 12.your brother_________, 13.our group ________.七、There is和There are的意思都是“有”，表示“在某地方有”，There is +单数，There are + 复数。
练习7、翻译下列句子。
1、我的书包里有一个笔盒和一些书。
___________ ______ a pencil-case and some books ____ my bag.2、课室里有40张桌椅。
____________ ______ forty desks and chairs ___ the classroom.3、墙上有一幅地图和两幅图画。
____________ _____ a map and two pictures _____ the wall.4、有一条裤子在床上。
____________ _____ a pair of trousers on the bed.八、some 和any的意思都是“一些”，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句。
练习8、用some或any 填空。
1、There are _________trees behind the house.2、There aren’t _________trees behind the house.3、Are there ________trees behind the house?4、I have ________flowers.5、Do you have ________flowers?6、Does your group have _________ stars?九、一般疑问句，通常是be动词（Am,Is,Are）和助动词（Do, Does）开头，用Yes和No回答。
练习9、写出下列问题的肯定回答和否定回答。
例如：Are you … ? Yes, I am. No, I am not.1.Are they (the children)…? _____________________ _____________________2.Is he(your father) …? _____________________ ________________________3.Is she(your mother) … ? _____________________ ______________________4.Is it(your house)… ? _______________________ ________________________5.Is there … ? ____________________________ _________________________6.Are there … ? __________________________ __________________________7.Do you …?___________________________ __________________________8.Do they(the children)… ?______________________ _____________________9.Does he(your father) …? ____________________ _______________________10.Does she(your mother) … ? ____________________ _____________________11.Does it(your house)… ? _____________________ _______________________十、特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词开头，不能用Yes和No回答。
特殊疑问词有：what （什么）, what colour（什么颜色）, who（谁）, whose（谁的）, where（哪里）, how（怎样）, how old（多少岁）, how many（多少东西）, how much（多少钱）等等。
练习10、按实际情况回答问题。
1.What’s in your bedroom? ____________________________________________2.What’s your favourite subject? _________________________________________3.What do you want to be when you grow up?__________________________________________________________________4.What’s your father’s job? _____________________________________________5.What’s your mother’s job?____________________________________________6.Who is your English teacher?__________________________________________7.Where is your English book?__________________________________________8.How many pupils are there in your class?_________________________________9.How many subjects do you have now ?__________________________________10.How much is the T-shirt?(￥65 )_______________________________________11.How much are the shoes (￥250 )_______________________________________12.Is your house big or small? ___________________________________________13.Are you a teacher?__________________________________________________14.Is your father a driver?_______________________________________________15.Is your house beautiful?______________________________________________16.Are your shoes very expensive?________________________________________。