常用词拓展1—20(Chenxiuyu)1.ability (n. )能力；才能---able (a.)---unable (a..)—disability (n. )—disabled (a.)be able to= be capable of2.absence (n. ) 缺席；不在--- absent (a.)---present (a..) – presence (n.)be absent from; be present at3.absolute (a.) 绝对的；完全的---absolutely (adv.)4.abundant (a.) 丰富的；充裕的---abundance (n.) be abundant in5.academic (a.) 学院的，理论的(n.) 大学教师--- academy (n.) 学院6.accept (v.) 接受---acceptable (a.) 可接受的- –refuse (opp.) 拒绝7.access (n.) 通路，入门；（v.）接近；存取---accessible (a.) have access to8.accurate (a.) 正确的，精确的--- accuracy (n.) –accurately (adv.)-- (opp.)inaccurate 不准确9.achieve (v.) 取得，达到--- achievement (n.)10.acquire (v.) 获得，学到--- acquisition (n.)11.act(n. ) 法令，条例；（v.）表演；行动---action (n.) –active (a.) 主动的—inacitve(a.)—actively (adv.)—activity (n. ) 活动--passive (a.) 被动的---actor (n.) –actress (n.)12.actual (a.) 实际的；现实的–actually (adv.) = as a matter of fact13.adapt (v.) 使适应；改编---adaptation (n.) ---adaptable (a.) 有适应能力的adapt oneself to 适应于; adapt …to 应用于；adapt…(for ath.) from sth. 改编14.add (v.) 添加，增加;补充说---addition (n.) ---additional (a.) –additionally (adv.)add…to , add to, add up, add up to, add sth. in , in additon (to)15.addict (n.) 成瘾的人---addicted (a.) –addition (n.) ---addictive (a.) be addicted to16.adjust (v.) 调整，使适应---adjustment (n.) --- adjustable (a.)17.admire (v.) 钦佩，羡慕---admiration (n.) --- admirable (a.)18.admit (v.) 承认，准许( admitted, admitted) --- admission (n.)19.adopt (v.) 收养，采用---adoption (n.) --- adopted (a.)20.advance (v.) 推进，促进；前进（n.）前进，提升—advanced (a.)--- advancement (n.)21.advantage (n.) 有点；好处---advantageous (a.) ---disadvantage (n.)take advantage of, be to one’s advantake22.adventure (n.) 冒险，奇遇--- adventurous (a.)23.advertise (v.) 为。

做广告---advertisement (n.)24.advise (v.) 建议，劝告----adviser (n.) 顾问，忠告者--- advice (n.) a piece of advice25.affect (v.) 影响--- affection (n.) 影响，感情= have an effect on26.Africa (n.) 非洲--- African (a.) (n.)27.age (n.) 年纪--- aged (a.)—elderly (a.)28.agree (v.) 同意--- agreement (n.) --- disagree (opp)—disagreement (n.)29.agriculture (n.) 农业– agricultural (a.)30.allow (v.) 准许，允许---allowance (n.) 允许；紧贴，补助31.amaze (v.)惊奇，震惊--- amazement (n.) ---amazed (a.) –amazed (a.)to one’s amazement32.ambition (n.) 抱负，雄心---ambitious (a.)33.amuse (v.) 使…快乐--- amusement (n.) – amused (a.) --- amusing (a.)to on e’s amusement34.analyze (v.) 分析--- analysis (n.)35.anger (n.) 愤怒--- angry (a.)36.announce (v.) 宣布, 宣告--- announcement (n.) --- announcer (n.)37.annoy (v.) 使烦恼– annoyed (a.) --- annoying (a.) --- annoyance (n.) to one’s annoyance38.annual (a. ) 一年一次的，每年的（n.）年刊--- annually (a.)39.anxious (a.) 忧虑的，焦急的--- anxiety (n.)40.apologize (v.) 道歉--- apology (n.)apologize to sb. for sth.; make an apology to sb. for sth.41.appear (v.) 出现---appearance (n.) 面貌42.apply (v.)申请, 应用--- application (n.) 申请表--- applicant (n.) 申请人--- applied (a.)应用的43.appoint (v.) 约定，任命– appoinment (n.) -----make an appointment44.appreciate (v.) 欣赏，感激--- appreciation (n.)45.approve (v.) 批准，同意--- approval (n.)46.argue (v.) 争辩，辩论—argument (n.)47.arrange (v.) 安排--- arrangement (n.)48.arrive (v.) 到达– arrival (n.) (n.) 亚洲---Asian (a.) (n.)50.assess (v.) 评价，估价--- assessment (n.)51.assist (v.) 帮助，协助--- assistance (n.) 帮助，援助---assistant (n.) 助手，助理52.associate (v.) 联系，交往--- association (n.) --- associated (a.)53.assume (v.) 假定，采取--- assumption (n.)54.astonish (v.) 使惊讶--- astonished (a.) --- astonishing (a.) – astonishment (n.)55.astronaut (n.) 宇航员--- astronomy (n.) 天文学--- astronomer (天文学家)56.athlete (n.) 运动员--- athletic (a.)57.attend （v.）参加，照料-- attendance (n.) - -attender (n.)58.attention (n) 注意，专心--- attentive (a) –attentively (ad v.)59.attract (v.) 吸引– attraction (n.) --- attractive (a.)60.aware (a.) 知道的，明白的--- awareness (n.) be aware of61.bacterium (n.) 细菌---(pl. ) bacteria62.bad (a.) 坏的--- badly (adv. ) (worse, worst)--- good (a.) – well (a.) (adv.) (better, best)63.base (n.) 基地，根据地(v.) 以。

为基地-- basic (a.) --- basically 大体上64.basis (n.) 基础，要素--- (pl.) bases65.bath (n.) 洗澡，浴室—bathe (v.) – bathroom (n.) --- bathtub (n.) 澡盆66.bear (v.) 忍受(bore, borne)--- bearable (a.) 可忍受的--- unbearable (opp.) 不可忍受的67.beat (v.) 敲打，跳动，打赢(beat, beaten)68.beautiful (a.) 美丽的--- beauty (n. ) --- beautify (v.)69.behave (v.) 行为，守规矩--- behavior (n.)70.belief (n) 信条，信念---（pl.）beliefs-- believe (v.) --- believable (a.) ---(opp.) unbelievable71.begin (v.) 开始，着手(began, begun)--- beginning (n.)21—41（Xiaweihua）72.bend v. 使弯曲（bent, bent）be bent on doing73.benefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于--- beneficial adj.有益的, 受益的benefit from / be beneficial to74.bitter adj.苦的, 痛苦的, 怀恨的---–unpleasant adj不愉快的；讨厌的75.boring adj. 无聊的，乏味的(修饰物)—---bored adj.无聊的, 无趣的, 烦人的（用于人）76.botany n.植物学-------botanical adj.植物学的77.brave adj.勇敢的---bravery n.勇敢------coward n.懦弱的人, 胆小的人78.boycott n./vt.联合抵制, 排斥79.breath n. 呼吸, 气息-----breathe v.呼吸, 发出----breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的80.bring vt. 拿来, 带来---brought(分去式)---brought（过去分词）81.bury vt.埋葬, 掩埋, 隐藏---buried(过去式或过去分词) be buried in sth 埋头做某事82.business n.商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意---businessman ----businesswoman83.calculate v.计算, 考虑, 计划, 打算----calculation n.计算, 考虑----calculator n.计算机,计算器84.calm adj.(天气、海洋等)静的, 平静的, 镇静的, 沉着的v. (使)平静, (使)镇定, 平息calmness n.平静, 冷静, 镇静85.care n.注意, 照料, vi.关心, 顾虑, 照顾, 喜爱vt.在意----careful ----careless86.catch v.捕获, 赶上(车船等), 发觉, 感染（疾病）---(caught, caught)87.caution n.小心, 谨慎, 警告vt.警告----cautious adj.88.celebration n.庆祝, 庆典-----celebrate v.庆祝, 祝贺, 表扬89.certain adj.确定的, 某一个----certainly adv. -----certainty n. -----uncertainty n.无常, 不确定90.challenge n.挑战vt.向...挑战----challenging adj.具有挑战性的91.change n.改变, 变化, 找回的零钱vt.改变, 变革----changeable adj.可改变的92.character n. 人物，特点，性格，品质----characteristic n. 特性，特征93.chemical adj.化学的n.化学制品, 化学药品----chemist n.化学家, 药剂师-chemistry n.化学94.choice n.选择, 抉择, 精选品----choose v.选择, 选定(chose, chosen)95.cloth n.布, 织物, 衣料------clothes n.衣服, [总称]被褥, 各种衣服----clothing n.(总称)衣服96.collect vt. 收集----collection n. 收藏, 征收, 搜集品, 捐款----collective adj.集体的n.集体fort n.安慰, 舒适vt.安慰----comfortable adj.舒适的municate v.沟通, 交流，传达-----communication n.pete vi.比赛, 竞争----competition n.竞争, 竞赛----competitor n.竞争者100.conclude v.作出结论vt.推断-----conclusion n. 结论101.confident adj.自信的, 确信的----confidence n.信心----confidently adv.信赖地, 安心地102.conduct n.行为, 操行v.组织, 实施，管理-----conductor n. (乐队)指挥42—62(Lishiyin)1.crazy adj.疯狂的----craze n.狂热，疯狂；风行一时的东西；be crazy about, like crazy 2．create vt.创造，产生（syn.）----produce .creative adj ----creation n 创造，创建----creativity n.创造力----creator n.创造者；创作者----create jobs (opportunities, a good image,wealth)3. crime n.罪犯----commit a crime ----criminal n.罪犯4. cross vt.穿过----crossing n.十字路口----crossroads n.交叉路口----at the crossroads5. crowd n. 人群vt. 拥挤----crowded adj. 拥挤的----crowdedness n.6.cruel adj. 残忍的，残酷的---be cruel to sb ----cruelly adv.----cruelty n. 残忍7. culture n.文化---cultural adj. ----cultural difference (shock)-----multi-culture 多元文化8. cure n&v. 治疗；医好---a cure for cancer ----cure sb of one’s disease/one’s habit9. curious adj. 好奇的；奇异的--curiosity（about/to do sth）n.好奇心；求知欲staisfyone’s curiosity 满足好奇心-----out of curiosity 出于好奇10. cycle vi骑自行车；循环----recycle v.再循环，回收再用----cyclist n.骑自行车的11．damage n&vt 毁坏，损害-----do /cause damage to the earth12 danger n dangerous adj. endanger vt 使……濒临危险----endangered animals 濒危动物be in danger/be at risk/be at stake 处于危险中13. dead.adj. 死的the dead/living ----death n 死亡----cause many deaths and injuriesdeadly adj.致命的die v. 死亡dying adj. 垂死的，渴望的be dying for/to do sth14. decide n.决定decisive adj. 决定性的decision n. make a decision15. declare vt.声明；断言--- declaration n. declare declare war on Japan16. decorate vt.装饰，修饰---- decoration n. be decorated with17. decline n&v.下降,婉拒I offered to give them a lift but they declined .18. decrease/increase n&v. 减少/增加--- increase/decrease to/by 20%19. defend vt. 防守，保卫---defence in defence of 为保护某人为……辩护20. deliberate adj. deliberately adv.故意地---on purpose/on intenton21 delight n 快乐；乐事delighted adj. be delighted with/by/at sb/sth take delight in 喜欢，以……为乐delight sb 使某人高兴to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是22. deliver vt.投递，接生，发表讲话deliver parcels/ a baby/ a speech delivery n.23.depend vi dependent adj. 依赖的independent adj.独立的independence n.独立depend on sb be dependent on sb be independent from/of sb24. deep adj/adv. 深的--deeply adj.深深的-- depth n.深度-- deepen v.加深far/deep into the night深夜be deeply moved/touch/affected ---Still water runs deep.25. describe vt.描述，描写description n. give a description of sth26.design vt.设计n.图案，图样designer 设计师be designed to 设计的目的是，计划是27. desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的---be desperate for/to do sth --- desperation n.绝望28．destroy vt.破坏，毁坏-- destroyed buildings 被毁的建筑物destruction n. cause destruction to sth29. determine vt.决定，决心be determined to do 决心做determination n. 决心30.develop v. 发展，使发达，开发冲洗（照片）development --- with the development ofdeveloping world/developed world --- develop an interest in sth ----develop a new product 31.devote vt.把……奉献于；devote oneself/one’s life/one’s energy/time to sth/doing sth devotion n.忠心，奉献精神be devoted to sb 挚爱某人，对……全心全意32．differ vi. differ from sth in … different adj. difference n. --tell the difference between A and B --- make a difference (to) 有影响，改变;大有作为33. difficult adj. difficulty n.困难with/without difficulty, have difficulty (in) doing sth34.direct adj.直接的--（反）indirect speech ----direct v.指挥，指导，导演director n. 导演----direaction n.方向in the direction of35. disable v.使……残疾---disabled adj.残疾的---help the disabled ---disability n.---The traffic accident disabled him.36.disappear vi. 消失（反）-- appear ---disappearance n. (反) appearance37.disagree with sb on/about/over sth ---disagreement ----be in disagreement with38. disappoint vt.使……失望disappointment n. to one’s disappointmentmake sb disappointed / be disappointed with/at39. discover vt.发现discovery n. make a acientific discovery40.discrimination n.歧视discriminate vt.歧视，区分discriminate A from B ,discriminate against women 歧视妇女41.discuss vt discussion n.讨论42.distance n.距离distant adj.远的，遥远的keep sb at a distance 疏远某人，与某人保持距离in the distance 在远方43. distinguish v.辨别distinguish A from B /distinguish between A and B ---distinction n 差别；名声44．distribute v.分布，分配distribution n. 分配distribute sth to /among sb45.disturb vt.打扰；扰乱Don’t disturb the papers on my desk. ----disturbed adj.心神不宁的，心烦意乱的---disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 a disturbing piece of news.46.donate v.捐赠donate sth to sb donation n. He donated 10,000$ to the earthquake disaster area. a donation of 200$ 二百美元的捐款47. educate v.教育educator 教育者education ---receive a good education48. effect n.效果，作用effective adj.有效果的affect v. 影响have an effect on ---take effect ---come into effect49.elect v. election n.选举He was elected president of the USA in 1986.50. electricity n. 电electric---electric wire 电线adj.电的--- electrical adj. 电气的electrical engineering--- electronic adj. 电子的electronic equipment51.embarrass v.使……尴尬embarrassed adj. be embarrassed about ---embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，难为情的---embarrassment n.52. employ v雇佣employer /employee /employment /unemployment 失业53.encourage v.鼓励encourage sb to do sth / encouragement n. 鼓励/courage 勇气discourage 使……泄气/ discourage sb from doing 劝阻某人不做某事54.energy n.精力，能量energetic adj.精力旺盛的。