中国文化英文介绍
京剧
京剧是中国流行的最广泛影响最大的一个剧种,拥有两百多年的历史。在长期的发展过程中,京剧形成了一套虚拟表演动作,如一条桨就可以代表一只船。不需要任何的道具,演员就能表现出上楼、下楼,开门、关门等动作,虽然经赤了夸张但这些动作能给观众既真实又优美的感觉。京剧演员分生、旦、净、丑四个行当,生和旦的化痕迹要描眉、吊眉、画眼圈,净丑面部需要化妆,比如,红脸表示忠诚勇猛,白脸表示奸险。
Paper-Cuts
Chinesepaper-cuts are prettyandexquisite with auniqueoriental style. They makeviewerstofeel the realdaily life andafestiveatmosphere.The makingofpaper-cuts isapopular folk art ofmore than2000 yearsinChina.They aremostlycreatedbywomenin ruralareas. The designsare fowlsdomestic animals crops, episodesfrom operas auspicioussymbols andsoon.Usedon theChineselunarNewYear or otherfestivals, theyadddelightandfestivitytothe life oftheordinarypeople.Paper-cuts fall intotwocategories, simple and naturalsingle-coloredones,andgorgeousand colorfulones. Thefamous onesare window-panes from Shanxi,figurines oflocal operas from WeixianHebei,and embroidery copies in ethnic minoritiesinsouthernChina.Chinesepaper-cuthas been listed asoneofthe world’scultural heritages byUNESCO.
中国文化英文介绍
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Coed QiustyledZhongni,agreatthinkerand educatorin the lateSpringand Autumn Period,and thefounder ofConfucianism. Confuciusinstructed morethan 3000disciples andsomewerefrompoor families.Confuciusgraduallychanged thetraditionthat onlynobilities had the righttoreceive education. Inhislater years ,Confucius compiledmanyliteraryworksofancient times,includingTheBookofSongs,TheBook of Documents, andTheBooksof Changes.His saying andbehaviors werecompiledinThe Analects of Confuciusby hisdisciples.Hisideology hasbeen absorbed and carried composing theessentialpartof Chinesetraditionalideology.It was also spread into the border regionsandareas buildingup a circleof Confucianism. UNESCOlabeled himoneof the“TenCulture Celebrities”.
孔子
孔子名丘字仲尼,春秋末期伟大的思想家和教育家,儒家学派创史人。孔子一共教授了三千多个学生,其中不乏贫困家庭的孩子,改变了只有贵族子女才有资格上学的传统。孔子晚年还编订上古书籍,《诗经》《尚书》《周易》等。孔子的言行被他的弟子们收集在《论语》中,他的思想也被后人吸收和发扬光大,成为中国传统思想最主要的组成部分,并逐渐传播到周边国家,形成了影响范围很广的儒家文化圈。联合国教科文组织曾将孔子列入世界十大文化名人之一。
Beijing Opera
BeijingOpera isthemostpopularand influential operainChina with a historyof almost 200 years.IndevelopmentBeijing Operahas formedanumberoffictitiousprops.For instanceapedalmeans aboat. Without anyphysicalpropsinvolved, an actormay performgoingupstairs ordownstairsopeningor closing adoorbymeregestures.Though exaggerated those actionswould giveaudienceanimpressionwithgraceful movements. There are fourmain rolessheng dan jingand chou.Asheng ordan hasthe eyebrowspainted andeyes circled. A jingandchouhavetheir facialmakeup,for example, a red facedepicts the loyaltyandbraveryand a whitefacesymbolizes treacheryandguile.