2). Are you going to Beijing? Do you have anything _t_o_t_a_k_e____(take) to your son?
2. 现在分词作定语和被修饰的名词具有“主谓关系 ”，即现在分词用主动式时，被修饰的名词正在 执行其动作；现在分词用被动式时，被修
饰的名词正在承受其动作(即与名词是动宾关系) ①Please tell the children playing outside not
to make so much noise.（=…who are playing)
② The factory making (= that makes) such tools is a small one run by Tom.
③The question _t_o_b_e__d_is_c_u_s_s_e_d_ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.
切记
•分词的完成式不能作 定语 •having done •having been done
考点三：作状语六条经典原则
原则一：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑 主语原则上应与 主句主语保持一致 原则二：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式
原则三：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词
原则四：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式 原则五：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去 分词。 原则六：强调非谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作之 前时，原则上要用完成式
3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _____， and asked myself what I was going to do.
A. moved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved
doing 或 to be doing
to have done 或 having done
考点归纳二：非谓语动词作定语 不定式、动名词和分词都可以作定语，主要区
别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。
1. 不定式作定语和被修饰的名词具有 “动宾关 系”, 即被修饰的名词是不定式的动作的承受 者; 如果不定式是不及物动词，就要在不定式 动词后加上相应的介词。 ①Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us. ②He was the last one to leave school yesterday. ③The Browns have a comfortable house to live
③They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south.
⑤ The building being built will be completed next year.
3.分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是： 现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表 示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表 示的动作之后即将发生的动作。例如：
①The question _d_is_c_u_s_s_e_d__ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of quite importance.
②The question b_e_i_n_g_d__is_c_u_s_se_d_ (discuss) at the meeting now is of quite importance.
原则二：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式
5.When asked why he went there， he said he was
sent there _____ for a space flight.
A. training
B. being trained
C. to have trained
D. to be trained
(be) faced with…
2. Whilewwaattcchiinnggtelevision，_____.
A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
原则一：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与 主句主语保持一致. 1. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_____
A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John
如：She got up very early to catch up the first bus. 6. _____ this cake， you’ll need 2 eggs， 175 g
sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making
in.
当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不 定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语 态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。
1). I’m going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything _to__b_e_t_a_k_e_n__(take) to your son?
高 考英语语法 复 习
非谓语动词
不定式（to do)
非
Hale Waihona Puke 过去分词(-ed) -ed 分词
谓 分词
语
现在分词(-ing)
- ing 分词
动名词(-ing)
考点归纳一：非谓语动词的时态、语态形式
过去分词只有一种形式：done
说明 ：
在谓语表示的动作之后
与谓语表示的动作同时 发生
在谓语表示的动作之前
to do