海商法重要术语中英文对照1、绪论海商法maritime law海事法admiralty law国际海事组织International Maritime Organization习惯法customary law罗得海法Rhodian Laws《中华人民共和国海商法》Maritime Code of the People’s Republic of China 可航水域navigable waters海商法的渊源sources of admiralty and maritime law租船charter parties货物运输carriage of goods海上保险marine insurance船舶碰撞ship collision2、船舶船级证书certificates of classification船旗flag船籍港port of registry船籍证书certificate of ship’s nationality船队fleet船东(船舶所有人) shipowner船舶抵押权ship’s mortgage船舶所有权ownership of ship船舶优先权maritime lien船舶建造人留置权ship builder’s possessory lien船舶检验ships surveys船舶属具ship’s apparels船舶属具目录list of ship’s appurtenance船舶登记港port of registry船旗国flag state3、船员船员seamen or crew海员证seafarer’s identity certificate海员法seamen’s Act or Crew’s Law船员工资、伙食crew’s wages and maintenance船员名单crew List船员休息日seamen’s leave days船员雇用合同crew’s employment contract船员遣返repatriate of crew船员遣返费用repatriatation expenses船员惩戒punishment for the crew船员就业规则rule of employment of seamen船员服务簿seamen’s record book船员特殊培训special training for seafarers船员疾病伤亡补偿compensation for illness injury and loss of life of seamen 4、海上货物运输合同海上货物运输合同contract for the carriage of goods承运人carrier实际承运人actual carrier托运人shipper收货人consignee提单Bill of Lading, 简称:B/L正本提单original Bill of Lading副本提单copy Bill of Lading已装船提单Shipped B/L or on Board B/L收货待运提单Received for Shipment B/L记名提单Straight B/L不记名提单Blank B/L; Barer B/L提示提单Order B/L清洁提单Clean B/L不清洁提单Unclean B/L简式提单Short Form Bill of Lading最终证据conclusive evidence初步证据prima facie evidence保函letter of indemnity件杂货general cargo; break bulk承运人对货物的责任期间period of carrier’s responsibility承运人责任限制carrier’s limitation of liability承运人的责任carrier’s responsibilities承运人的免责carrier’s Exemption大副收据Mate’s Receipt;简称M/R大副批注Mate’s Remark倒签提单Anti-dated Bill of Lading预借提单Advanced Bill of Lading班轮运输liner shipping班轮订舱booking班轮公会line conference积载stowage双方有责碰撞条款both-to-blame collision clause无船承运人Non Vessel Carrier Cooperation;简称NVOCC多式联运经营人Multimodal Transport Operator, 简称MTO5、航次租船重要术语中英文对照航次租船voyage-charter party承租人charterer亏舱费dead freight不定期船tramp ship代替船substituted vessel连续日running days; consecutive days晴天工作日weather wirdubg day私人承运人private carrier每天每舱口装卸定量per hatch per day转租subletting到达船arrived ship不论靠泊与否whether in berth or not除非已使用unless used一旦滞期，永远滞期once on demurrage always on demurrage 运费率pro-rate freight整船包价lumpsum freight地理航线geographical rotation航次受阻frustration of voyage定期租船合同time charter party装载容积cubic capacity总登记吨Gross registered tonnage G.R.T. grt.租期duration交船检验on hire surrey危险货物dangerous cargo航区条款trading limits燃油bunker租金率rate of hire租金支付hire payment宽容期grace Period垫付cash advance停租off hire入坞drydocking光船租赁Bareboat Charter or Demise-charter Party7、拖航拖轮tug or tugboat拖航towage拖航合同towage contract拖航责任liabilities of tugowner顶推pushing tow拖驳船队tug-barge combination日租程拖带towage by daily hire承包型拖航合同lump-sum towage contract承拖方towing party国际海上拖航interantional towage at sea适拖towworthiness适拖保证towworthiness guarantee适拖证书certificate of towworthiness起拖commencement of towage被拖方tow party被拖物体object towed8、船舶碰撞船舶碰撞collision at sea船舶碰撞引起的损失loss or damage caused by collision 船舶碰撞法The Law of Collision at Sea船舶碰撞实际过失actual fault in collision不可抗力的碰collision caused by force majeure驾驶船舶过失negligence of navigation航行规则rules of navigation直接碰撞direct collision间接碰撞indirect collision第三方损失third party damage损失的范围categories of losses互有责任碰撞条款both to blame collision clause9、海难救助海难救助salvage at sea人命救助life salvage义务救助salvage under obligation无效果无报酬No Cure No Pay救助人salvor安全网条款safety net provision先行支付interim payment合同救助contractual salvage纯救助pure salvage被救助人salvee获救财产salved property获救价值salved value救助标的subject of salvage救助款项salvage payment强制救助mandatory salvage10、共同海损共同海损general average共同海损分摊contribution to general average共同海损百分率general average percentage共同海损利息interest on general average共同海损条款general average clause共同海损补偿allowances under general average共同海损担保函general average guarantee共同海损的宣布declaration of general average共同海损追偿recovery of general average合同救助contractual salvage纯救助pure salvage被救助人salvee获救财产salved property获救价值salved value救助标的subject of salvage救助款项salvage payment强制救助mandatory salvage共同海损牺牲general average sacrifice共同海损损失general average loss共同海损费用general average expenditure共同海损理算general average adjustment共同海损检验general average aurvey约克-安特卫普规则York-Antwerp Rules数字规则The Numeral Rules解释规则Rule of Interpretation海损理算师average adjusters不可分离协议Non-separation Agreement共同海损担保函average guarantee11、海事赔偿责任限制责任限制limitation of liability责任限制基金limitation fund责任限制基金的分配distribution of limitation fund责任限额limits of liability执行制度execution system吨位金额制度tonnage system委付制度limitation by abandonment单位责任限制package and unit limitation限制性债权claims subject to limitation非限制性债权unlimited maritime liability限制单位units of limitation海事赔偿责任限制limitation of Liability for maritime claims 人身伤亡的责任限制limited liability for personal injuries财产损失赔偿的责任限制limited liability for property injuries 海事争议maritime dispute海事诉讼admiralty litigation海事仲裁maritime arbitration海事诉讼当事人parties of maritime litigation海事请求权 maritime claim海事诉讼时效time limitation on maritime claims海事诉讼管辖jurisdiction of maritime dispute海事诉讼程序maritime procedure海事请求保全preservation for maritime litigation海事损害maritime loss or damage海事报告master’s report海事声明note of protest海事法院maritime court对物诉讼action in rem扣船令order of distraint扣船arrest of ship扣押姐妹船arrest of sister ship传票summons海事仲裁规则maritime arbitration rules仲裁协议的效力validity of arbitration agreement海事仲裁中的财产保全preservation of property in maritime arbitration 简易程序summary procedure对人诉讼action in personam12、海上保险最大诚实信用utmost good faith损失补偿原则principle of indemnity告知disclosure保证warrant代位求偿subrogation重复保险double insurance风险risks列明风险named risks保险人insurer or underwriter保单持有人policy-holder被保险人insured or assured保险经纪人insurance brokerage承保条slip伦敦海上保险人协会Institute of London Underwriters保险代理人insurance agent签单代理人underwriting agent保险利益insurable interest无论损失与否条款lost or not lost clause委付abandonment权益转让书letter or form of subrogation超额保险over-insured劳埃德S.G保单Lloyd’s S.G. Policy逐笔保险单specific policy流动保险单floating policy总括保险单blanket policy闭口保险单closed policy投保单application form暂保单broker’s cover note保险凭证certificate of insurance定值保险单valued policy不定值保险单unvalued policy足额保险full insurance不足额保险under insurance航程保险单voyage policy定期保险单time policy混合保险单mixed policy保险价值insurable value保险金额amount insured保险费premium平安险free from particular average水渍险with particular average一切险all risks仓至仓条款Warehouse to Warehouse Clause扩展责任条款Extended Cover Clause航程终止条款Termination of Adventure Clause 保险费premium保赔协会会费call预付会费advance call追加会费supplementary call。