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5000 立方米石油液化气球罐设计
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5000 立方米石油液化气球罐设计
Design of 10000m3 Spherical Tank for Liquefied Petrolem Gas Abstract
Because of its unexampled advantages such as less floor area covering, high-pressure capability and transport facilitates,Spherical pressure tanks (hereinafter referred to as the―storage tank‖)used for storage of gas and liquefied gas more widely than other storage tanks in the oil,chemical,city gas,metallurgy and other fields. In recent years,China engineering and technical level of spherical tank has made great progress through the introduction,absorption and innovation of foreign spherical tank technology.To meet the demand of our country's liquefied petrolem gas storage,and meet the demand of large-scale tank in the petroleum,chemical,textile,metallurgical and other industries,it is urgent to develop the core technique of large-scale spherical tank with our own intellectual property rights.Construction of increasingly larger spherical tank is a complex and systematicproject,which involves a number of disciplines and technical fields. in view of research of key design and manufacture technology of 5000 m3 large-scale liquefied petrolem gas tank,from the perspectives such as evaluation and selection of main material , structure design theory and stress analysis,we have solved several key technology of spherical tank construction.This article has completed the primary research work coverage,which was shown as follows: (1) Based on well understanding of structure design and manufacturing methods of spherical tank , I write literature summary after reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature. (2) Through analysis and comparison of the materials,I finally select 15MnNbR;After the structural design of process and dimension calculation,I complete the calculation of structure and strength according to GB12337-98. (3) The drawings of the tank include an assembly drawing and several parts drawings. (4) For the junction between spherical shell and stanchion, stress analysis and strength assessment is completed by the system of Design by Analysis for pressure vessels(VAS2.0). Key Words： Spherical tank； Steel for pressure vessels ； structure ； stress analysis
5000 立方米石占地少、受力情况好、承压能力高，可分片运 到现场安装成形、容积的大小基本不受运输限制等其它压力容器无可比拟的优点，在石 油、化工、城市燃气、冶金等领域广泛用于存储气体和液化气体。近年来我国球罐的大 型化和高参数化工程技术水平有了长足的进步，通过对引进球罐的消化、吸收和创新， 很多高参数球罐已经实现了国产化，为我国的经济发展做出了积极的贡献。为满足我国 石油液化气存储需求，同时也满足石油、化工、轻纺、冶金等行业对球罐大型化的需要， 迫切需要发展有自主知识产权的特大型球罐核心技术。 球罐的大型化是一个复杂的系统 工程，它涉及到多个学科和技术领域。针对 5000m3 大型石油液化气球罐设计、制造中 的几个关键技术： 球罐选材、 结构设计和应力分析等方面进行了研究， 完成了如下工作： （1 ）阅读大量国内外文献，在系统了解球罐结构设计及制造方法的基础上，完成 文献综述的撰写。 （2）对球罐选材进行分析比较，最终确定采用 15MnNbR；对球罐进行工艺结构设 计和尺寸计算；根据 GB12337-98《钢制球形储罐》对球罐进行结构与强度设计计算。 （3）进行球罐图纸绘制，完成球罐装配图及各主要零部件图。 （4）使用压力容器分析设计系统（ VAS2.0）对球罐进行强度分析，对球壳和支座 连接处进行应力分析和强度评定。 关键词：球形储罐；容器用钢；结构；应力分析
Abstract ............................................................................................................................................II 1 文献综述 ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 课题研究的工程背景及理论、实际意义 ................................................................. 1 1.2 球罐用钢 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2.1 球罐用钢基本要求分析 ................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 国内外球罐的常用钢种 ................................................................................... 2 1.2.3 几种典型球罐用钢的优劣对比 ....................................................................... 2 1.3 球罐设计 ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.3.1 球罐设计的执行标准及法规 ........................................................................... 3 1.3.2 球壳结构 ............................................................................................................ 4 1.3.3 支座结构 ............................................................................................................ 4 1.3.4 拉杆结构 ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3.5 支柱与球壳连接下部结构 ............................................................................... 8 1.3.6 接管补强结构 .................................................................................................. 10 1.3.7 球罐的设计方法 .............................................................................................. 12 1.4 球罐制造 ...................................................................................................................... 14 1.5 球罐安装及检验技术 ................................................................................................. 15 1.6 球罐的发展趋势和面临的问题 ................................................................................ 16 1.6.1 球罐发展趋势 .................................................................................................. 16 1.6.2 球罐的大型化面临的问题 ............................................................................. 16 2 5000m3 石油液化气球罐设计说明 ...................................................................................... 18 2.1 基本参数 ...................................................................................................................... 18 2.2 基础资料 ...................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.1 安装与运行地区气象环境条件 ..................................................................... 18 2.2.2 场地条件 .......................................................................................................... 19 2.2.3 工作介质 .......................................................................................................... 19 2.2.4 运行要求 .......................................................................................................... 19 2.3 球罐主要设计参数的确定 ........................................................................................ 19 2.3.1 设计压力和设计温度 ..................................................................................... 19 2.3.2 人孔、接管位置及尺寸的确定 ..................................................................... 20