============毕业设计(论文)题目手工电弧焊单面焊双面成形技术影响系(部)机械工程系专业焊接技术及自动化指导教师====作者====完成日期2011-4-27引言在机械加工中,焊接的地位越来越重要了,尽管焊接技术发展很快,各种精密仪器的产生,自动化程度也越来越高,但手工电弧焊仍占有不可替代的地位。
在压力容器的制造行业里,产品通常都是由各类钢板拼接组对卷制焊接而成。
而在组对焊接过程中,焊缝的形式通常都为Y型对接坡口。
而在小直径容器和管道的焊接方面,由于材质板厚相对较薄,一般采用单面焊双面成形的方法实现产品成型。
所以单面焊双面成形焊接技术更是每个焊接专业人员应该掌握不能缺少焊接方法。
优质的单面焊双面成形焊接的焊缝表面应圆滑过渡至母材,表面不得有裂纹、未熔合、夹渣、气孔、焊瘤、咬边等缺陷,焊缝内部同样不允许有缺陷。
但焊接过程中由于设备、材料、工艺及操作等原因,使得形成的焊缝达不到质量要求,从而对结构的工作质量和使用寿命产生严重的影响。
目录摘要:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1引言---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1-1.单面焊双面成形技术的概念--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22.单面焊双面成形常见的焊接缺陷--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 2.1尺寸上的缺陷--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 2.2结构上的缺陷--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22.3性质上的缺陷--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23.单面焊双面成形的影响--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 3.1增加消耗,降低结构的质量和使用寿命----------------------------------------------------------------23.2焊接缺陷会给结构的安全生产带来威胁,引起安全事故-------------------------------------------34.单面焊双面成形焊接质量差的原因分析----------------------------------------------------------------------3 4.1焊接电源因素--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 4.2工艺因素对单面焊双面成形焊接质量的影响----------------------------------------------------------34.2.1焊接电流--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34.2.2焊接速度--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------44.2.3电弧电压--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------44.2.4焊接层数选择不当--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------44.2.5焊条类形及焊条直径的影响-------------------------------------------------------------------------5 4.3操作因素--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------54.4环境因素--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------55.单面焊双面成形焊接产生焊接缺陷的防止措施-------------------------------------------------------------6 5.1作好焊前准备--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 5.2焊接操作--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------65.2.1合适的工艺参数-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------65.2.2焊工技术水平--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7结论--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8参考文献-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9致谢-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10四川化工职业技术学院摘要:单面焊双面成形的焊接质量受到了焊接设备、焊材工艺流程、操作技术水平的限制。
本文详细的介绍了焊接电源、焊接电流、焊接速度、电弧电压、焊接层数、焊条类形、焊条直径等工艺因素对单面焊双面成形技术焊接质量的影响和造成的相关缺陷。
详细的分析了单面焊双面成形技术焊接质量差所引起的一系列问题及造成质量差的原因,提出了相应的防止措施,解决单面焊双面成形技术的缺陷,使单面焊双面成形技术进一步完善,加以推广,并对单面焊双面成形作业具有一定的指导作用。
关键词:单面焊双面成形,焊接,质量,原因,措施Pick to:one-sided welding welding quality of double-sided forming by welding equipment,welding material process,operation technical level restrictions.This paper introduced the welding power source,welding current and welding speed,arc voltage,welding layer, electrode shape,electrode diameter of such one-sided welding technological factors on the quality of welding forming technology of double-sided influence and the related defects caused.Detailed analysis of the one-sided welding double-sided forming technology of welding quality problems caused by poor and reasons of the poor create quality, and puts forward some corresponding preventing measures to solve the one-sided welding double-sided forming technology,make one-sided welding defects further consummation,the double sided forming technology of extended,and one-sided welding double-sided forming homework is of certain guidance.Keywords:one-sided welding forming,welding,quality double, reason,measures1.单面焊双面成形技术的概念单面焊双面成形技术是采用普通焊条,在不需要任何辅助措施条件下,只是坡口根部在进行组装定位焊时,应按焊接的不同操作手法留出不同的间隙,在坡口的正面进行焊接,就会在破口的正、背两面都能得到均匀整齐、成形良好,符合质量要求的焊缝。