3．当主语后面跟有 with, without, together with, along with, except, besides, but, as well as, like, including 等介词短语时，谓 语动词与前面的主语保持一致(即“就远原则”)。如： Susan with her family works on the farm. 苏珊和她的家人在田里干活。 4．动词不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： To be a pilot is his dream. 成为一名飞行员是他的梦想。 5．由不定代词 either, neither, each, one, everyone, someone, anyone, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody, something, anything, nothing, everything 等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词 通常用单数。如： Everybody is here.所有人都到齐了。
意义一致原则 1．news 以及科目名称 maths, physics, politics 等，本身不表 示复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。如： I think physics is an interesting subject. 我认为物理是一门有趣的学科。 2．trousers, shoes, glasses, pants 等为复数名词，作主语时谓
They exercise every day.他们每天做运动。
2．and 或 both...and...连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词 通常用复数。如： He and Jerry are students.他和杰瑞都是学生。
注意： (1)当 and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用 单数。如：
The writer and singer was invited to the party.
那位作家兼歌手被邀请参加派对。 (2)当 and 连接的名词被 each, every 或 no 修饰时，谓语动
词用单数。如：
Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now. 刚才每位男生和女生都得到了一个苹果。
have→has 4．This family have a big garden.____________
likes→like 5．Neither Kim nor I likes playing football.___________
语法一致原则 1．主语是不可数名词、单数名词或代词时，谓语动词用单 数；主语是复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数。如： He exercises every day.他每天做运动。
式”(表示夫妇或一家人)作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The old think the young are 比他们幸福。 The Smiths like watching TV. 史密斯一家人喜欢看电视。
7．分数、百分比及 some, half of, part of, lots of, the rest of 等后接单数名词或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；接 复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。如： 70% of the earth is covered with water. 70%的地球表面被水覆盖。 60% of the teachers in our school are women. 我们学校 60%的老师是女的。 8．“a number of＋复数可数名词”表示“许多„„”，作 主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋复数可数名词”表 示“„„的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： A number of birds are on the island. 岛上有大量的鸟儿。 The number of the cups is 10.杯子的数量是 10 个。
The class are all carefully reading the book. 全班学生都在仔细地读这本书。
5．某些名词如 people (people 指“民族”时除外), police 等， 形式上是单数但意义上是复数，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。 如： The police are running after a thief. 警察们正在追赶一个小偷。 6．“the ＋形容词”(表示一类人)和“the ＋姓氏的复数形
二、单句改错 are→is 1．There are an apple and a cat on the desk.___________ is→are 2．Both Jim and Kelly is listening to the music.__________ are→is 3．Tom with a cat are climbing the tree._________
语动词用复数。但当它们前面有 pair of, kind of 等量词修饰时，
则根据量词的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如： This kind of shoes is new.这种款式的鞋子是新的。 My new shoes are very beautiful. 我的新鞋很漂亮。
3．表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金钱、重量等的短语作 主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数。如：
第 12 讲 主谓一致
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 knows (know) the answer to the question. 1．No one________ is 2． Most of the drinking water________ (be) from the Red River. has (have) made a wrong decision. 3．Either you or he________ are 4．The class________ (be) spending the weekend together. is 5．Bread and milk________ (be) a fast food.
200 miles is a long way to go. 200 英里是很长的一段路。
4．集体名词如 family, class, group, team 等作主语，表示整 体时谓语动词用单数，表示集体中的具体成员时用复数。如：
The class wins the prize.这个班获得了奖项。