There is a book , two pens on the desk. There are two pens , a book in the desk.
.
18
4．不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing, either, neither, each, the other, another作主语， 谓语动词通常用单数。
yesterday evening.
单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、等。
（2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语 动词用单数。
The news is (be) very exciting.
复数形式代表单数内容的词有news、works（工 厂）、means和以ics结尾的学科名称physics、 politics、economics等。
A sheep is over there.
Some sheep are over there.
.
11
5. 名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况 一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词 一般用单数。
The doctor’s is across the street. My uncle’s is not far from here.
No news is good news. Maths is very popular in our class
.
14
连接词连接的名词作主语
.
15
1． 用and或both…and连接并列主语，谓语动词通 常用复数形式。 注P：lasAt：ics并a列nd主ru语bb如er果n指ev的er是ro同t. 一个人、同一事物 或W同alk一in概g a念n时d r，id谓ing语a动re词go用od单e数xer形ci式ses。. 否则，用 复数。 这种情况常有两种结构形式：
The pants are mine. My glasses are on the table. 但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of 等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
A pair of shoes was under the desk. Two pairs of shoes were under the desk.
(1) The teacher as well as the students was reading
in the library.
(2) The women with two children is my aunt
(3) Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football
.
19ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
分数和量词作主语
.
20
1． 表示时间，价格，度量、距离、金额、 书名，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短 语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用 单数形式。
(1) Two months is a long holiday. (2) Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. (3) Ten miles isn’t a long distance. (4) Five minus four is one. (5) The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
.
17
3．以 either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but等连接的名词（代词）作 主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原 则。 There be 结构，依据就近一致原则。
Either you or he is to go. Not one but all of us are hoping to be there.
.
5
2、意义一致原则：
指谓语动词的单,复数要取决于主语所表达的 概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记. 指主语形式上 为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式； 或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语 动词用单数形式。
My family are having lunch now.
My family is a big family.
a.+n.+and+n，指的是同一个人或物； a.+n.+and +a.+n.，指两个人或物。 TheBw：ri由teranadn连d t接ea的ch并er列is单co数m主ing语. 之前如果分别由 eTahche,wevrietreyr, a等nd修t饰he时te，ac结he构r a是reecaocmh/ienvge.ry+n.+and +(each/every)+n.，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
Do you know the
di. fferences?
4
主谓一致三原则
1. 语法一致原则：
指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系。 主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓
语动词用复数形式.
Tom is a good student. They often play football on the playground.
(4) The students ,including their teacher, are going
to the brave man.
(5) Nobody except Mr. Li and Mrs. Li likes soprts.
(6) Mr. Li besides his sons likes sports.
young.
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.
There are twenty dollars on the desk.
.
6
（1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动 词用复数。
My family are (be) watching TV at 7 o’clock
.
7
就近一致原则：
指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时, 谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致.
Not only the teacher but also his students like
playing football.
There is a pen and some books on the desk.
主谓一致
.
1
概念:
主谓一致是指谓语动词与 主语在人称和数上保持一致。
.
2
找出下列句子的错误 1.The police is comimg soon. are
Let’s try.
2.The sad news make me cry. makes 3.My shoes is new . are 4.The rich is going to be looked after well. are
(1) Here are two novels. One is written in English. The other is in Chinese.
(2) Is everyone here today. (3) Something is wrong with him. (4) None of them has seen the film. (5) Either of the boys is ready. (6) Neither of these words is correct. (7) Each of the pens costs three dollars. (8) Nobody was in.
提 示： 一般说来,究竟何时采用何种原则,应视英语习 惯用法而定.但在实际使用中,如果对上述三种 原则捉摸不定时,遵循语法一致的原则是一种 比较稳妥的方法.
.
8
1. 单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数 形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。
The desk is Tom名’s. 词作主语
Some water is in the bottle.
The students are playing football on the playground.
.
9
2. 某些集体名词，如family, team, club， class，public， group等作主语时，如果作为一 个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一 个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。
3．a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复 数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其 谓语用单数。
The number of the teachers in No. 2 Middle
School is over 100. a number of them are
5.This pair of glasses are mine. is
6.The first class begin at eight every
morning.
begins
先测一测.
.
3
哪一句表达正确？ 1.Our class are going to hike next week Our class are big and clean . 2.A speaker and writer does exercise every day. A speaker and a writer does exercise every day. 3.A number of Chinese are learning English. The number of the students are forty.