Passage 5
One phase of the business cycle is the expansion phase. This phase is a two-fold one, including recovery and prosperity. During the recovery period there is ever-growing expansion of existing facilities, and new facilities for production are created. More businesses are created and older ones expanded.
Improvements of various kinds are made. There is an ever increasing optimism about the future of economic growth. Much capital is invested in machinery or “heavy” industry. More labor is employed. More raw materials are required.
译文：商务周期中的一个阶段是膨胀阶段。

这是一个双重阶段，包括复苏与繁荣。

在复苏期间，日益扩大现有设施，并为生产制造新的设施。

更多的业务被设立，已经存在的业务也被扩张。

进步与提升是多种多样的。

对经济增长的未来有一直增长的乐观心态。

很多政府都投资于机械制造业或重工业。

更多的劳动力被雇佣，并需求更多的原始材料。

A s one part of the economy develops, other parts are affected. For example, a
great expansion in automobiles results in an expansion of the steel, glass, and rubber industries. Roads are required; thus the cement and machinery industries are stimulated. Demand for labor and materials results in greater prosperity for workers and suppliers of raw materials, including farmers. This increases purchasing power and the volume of goods bought and sold. Thus prosperity is diffused among the various portions of the population. This prosperity period may continue to rise and rise without an apparent end.
However, a time comes when this phase reaches a peak and stops spiraling upwards. This is the end of the expansion phase.
译文：作为经济发展的一部分，其他部分也必然受到影响。

比如，汽车行业的壮大导致了钢铁、玻璃、橡胶工业的壮大。

公路也是必要的，因此水泥和机械制造业也受到了激励。

对劳动力和材料的需求导致了工人、原始材料供应商、包括农民在内的繁荣。

这也增加了能源的消费量和买卖物品的量。

所以，这一繁荣分散成为民众所分担的多种多样的责任。

这一繁荣阶段可能会连续的上升，增长而并没有明显的终结。

然而，当这一阶段达到了顶峰并停止呈螺旋线上升，这也就宣告了扩张阶段的终结。