小学英语介词及专项训练介词（Preposition）一、概述介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。

它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。

同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。

二、常用介词的基本用法at①表示时间：I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。

②表示在某一具体地点：He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。

③表示动作的方向、目标：Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。

④用于某些固定搭配：at once 立刻、马上at last 最后at the same time 同时at first 开始时not at all 一点也不about①表示大约时间：It’s about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。

②表示地点；在……周围：Everything about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。

③关于，对于：We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。

after①在……之后：After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。

②在……后面：He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。

behind①在……之后：There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车②比……晚，迟于：The train is behind time. 火车晚点了by①在……旁：He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。

②到……时候：We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。

③以……方式：I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。

④用于某些固定搭配：one by one 一个接一个by the way 顺便说一句①为，给，替：I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。

②由于：Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。

③表示给（某人）用的：There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。

in①在……里面：The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。

②在一段时间里：We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。

③用，以：What's this in English? 这用英语怎么说？④在某一年份，季节，月份：in 2002, in spring, in January⑤表示状态，服饰：Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。

⑥在……方面：He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。

⑦用于某些固定搭配：in front of 在……前面in the end 最后in time 及时like①像……样：He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。

②这样，那样：Don't look at me like that. 别那样看着我。

③怎样：What's the weather like? 天气怎样。

near靠近，在……附近：My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。

of①的（表示所属关系）：This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。

②……的（用于所有格）：He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。

③表示数量（与连词连用）：One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京④想到，谈到：I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。

⑤用于某些固定搭配：of course 当然because of 因为，由于on①在……上面：There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。

②在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）：They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。

I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。

③用于某些固定搭配：on duty 值日on time 准时①在……正上方：There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。

②遍及，穿过：There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。

③超过，不止：She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。

to①到，往，向：He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。

②表示时间、数量，到……为止Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.③向，对，给：Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。

underWhat's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？with①和，写：Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗？②表示伴随状态，带有：Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？三、介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用at arrive at/in 到达at first 起初；开始get off 下车at last 最后help sb. With sth. 帮组某人做某事at school 在上课，在上学ask for 请求at the moment 此刻get up 起床at home 在家；无拘束laugh at 嘲笑at present 现在learn from 向……学习at work 上班，在工作look after 照顾at the same time 同时look for 寻找think for 想到on worry about 担心on duty 值日listen to 听on holiday 度假look at 看；注视on time 准时talk about 交谈；谈on the left/right 在左/右边wait for 等候；等on the radio 在广播中thank for 为……而感谢on foot 步行on sale 出售；降价出售3)形容词和介词连用on TV 在电视上播放be afraid of 害怕on the phone 在电话中be careful with 小心；关心on the way 在路上be interested in 对……感兴趣be good at 善于in be proud of 感到自豪in all 总体be crazy about 酷爱in class 在课堂上be late for 干某事迟到in English 用英语be good for 对……有利in short 总之4）其他in a hurry 匆忙地by+交通工具in the end 最后by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land…in bed 躺在床上lots of/a lot of 许多，大量in danger 在危险中at most 至多in fact 事实上at least 至少in time 及时地at once 立刻；马上in a minute 立刻in order to 为了练习一．将下列短语翻译成英语。

1.在早晨________________________2.在家_______________________3.上周_______________________4.每年__________________________5.下个周末___________________6.晚饭后_____________________7.八点以前______________________8.在冰箱的前面_______________9.步行_______________________ 10.乘公共汽车___________________ 11.擅长游泳__________________________________________________ 12.在一个星期五的早晨_____________________________________二．选用括号内恰当的介词填空。

1) What’s this___________(at, on, in ) English?2) Christmas is____________(at, on, in ) the 25th of December.3) The man_______________(with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.4) He doesn’t do well_________________(at, on, in ) PE.5) Look at those birds____________________(on, in ) the tree.6) We are going to meet_________________( at, on, in ) the bus stop__________________( at, on, in ) half past ten.7) Is there a cat_________________(under, behind, in ) the door?8) Helen’s writing paper is_________________(in, in front of ) her computer.9) We live_______________(at, on, in ) a new house now.10) Does it often rain_______________ (at, on, in ) spring there?三．圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词，并将正确的答案写在横线上。

1) Jim is good in English and Maths. ___________ 2) The films were in the ground just now. ____________ 3) They are talking to their plans. ____________ 4) How many students have their birthdays on May? ____ 5) Women’s Day is at the third of March.. _________ 6) I can jog to school on the morning. ___________7) Did you water trees at the farm? ___________ 8) Can you come and help me on my English? ________ 9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning.________ 10) What did you do on the Spring Festival? _________ 四．用适当的介词填空1. The man___________ blue i s Jack’s father.2. Who’ the girl_________ small mouth?3. You shouldn’t walk____________ the grass.4. Look, Nancy is sitting____________ her father and mother.5. You must stay away_____________ the house.6. Now, I know a lot_____________ insects.7. My little brother always has a lot________ questions.8. We’re very happy____________ school.9. Keep___________ the grass, please.10. Jim is in Row 4. I sit_____________ him.11. Let’s hurry, we’re late__________ the class.12. Liu Tao is passing the ball___________ David.13. Who’s the woman___________ the red scarf?14. Our classroom is___________ the teachers’ office.15. Look___________ the picture. Who is the girl__________ the man and the woman.16. Can you read the number_____________ one__________ ten?17. Go___________ the street, turn right at the first crossing.18. What can you see___________ the tree? Some peaches.19. Mr. Wang is ill. He’s__________ home.20. Here’s a letter_________ Fang Ming. Let me read it to you.21. My skirts are_____________ the sofa.22. This is a photo__________ my family23. Can I go____________ you?24. The girl__________ green is my aunt.25. There are some bikes__________ the big tree.26. Put your umbrella____________ the door.27. The post office is___________ the bank of China28. I can see a sofa___________ the desk and the fridge.29. The reading room is __________the third floor__________ this building.30. Look! It’s a map _________ China. It looks like a rooster.31. I can’t find my CD walkman. It was_________ my schoolbag and the lamp just now.32. Come________ my home and have a look.33. The children are talking________ that football match.34. Today is the 6th_________February. The Spring Festival is coming.35. Your exercise book is________ the ground. Pick it up.36. The birthday present is__________ my father. Let me open it ____________myself.37. He is twelve this year. But he is as tall ____________ his father.五．选择最佳答案填空1. The girl was born__________ the 4th of June, 1993.A. onB. inC. atD. for2. There are many tall trees__________ the building.A. at front ofB. in front ofC. in the front ofD. in front3. How can I speak it__________ Japanese?A. fromB. forC. atD. in4. Thank you___________ giving me so much help.A. toB. forC. withD. in5. Listen__________ the tape carefully! Don’t talk.A. toB. atC. forD. about6. Why not play football_________ us? What’s wrong_________ you?A. with, forB. for, withC. with, withD. for, for7. Your mother is cooking. You should stay away__________ the kitchen.A. fromB. toC. forD. with8. Children like dressing_________ ___________ costumes at Halloween.A. up, onB. in, upC. in, /D. up, in。