A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped A
（2011陕西高考）More highways have been built in China, ______ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
核心
现在分词作状语需要注意的问题： 逻辑主语 现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主
语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。 Hearing the bad news, she didn’t know what
to do. 此句中hear和句子主语she是逻辑上的主谓关
系
练习题： （2012天津卷）He got up late and hurried to
Finding a good job is not easy now. He always dreams of being a famous pop star. Our friends are chatting with each other. When I entered the room, I saw a cat eating
伴随状语： I stood by the door, not daring to say a word. 我站在门旁，一句话也不敢说。 方式状语： He came running back to tell me the news. 他跑回来告诉我这个消息。
让步状语： Working or reading, she always did her best. 不管是工作或者是读书， 她总是尽最大努力。
your dish.
动词的-ing形式在句子中除了可以充当主语、表 语、宾语、宾补之外还可以作定语、状语。
我们先看一下作定语的情况。现在分词的ing 形式和被动式being done可以在句子中充当定 语。
Do you know the man sitting there?
Look! There are so many falling leaves. Tips: 注意两个定语的位置，也就是说单个词
和短语的位置是不一样的。
doing 和 being done 作定语的异同。 同： 都表示动作正在进行 异： doing 表示动作和被修饰词是主动关系 being done表示动作和被修饰词是被动关系 The building being built is our library. The fireman rushed into the burning house to
现在分词作定语和状语
必修4语法讲解和练习
现在分词的基本形式是：
doing
被动式？
Being done
非谓语动词（即分词）也有它自己的过去 式或者叫完成时，你还记得吗？
doing ---- having done
being done---- having been done
什么成分？
Having finished the work, he went to see his teacher.
完成了工作之后，他去看望了他的老师。 原因状语：
Being ill, he couldn’t go to school. 因为生病了，他无法去上学。
条件状语： Working hard, you’ll make great progress. 如果你努力工作， 你将取得重大进步。 结果状语： His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 他的父母死了，这使得他成了一个孤儿。
his office, ______ the breakfast untouched. A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left C
（2012全国卷）Tony lent me the money, ______ that I ‘d do as much for him.
saveห้องสมุดไป่ตู้an old man.
注意：having done或having been done是不 可以作定语的。
现在分词作状语： 现在分词作状语通常可以表示时间、原因、结
果、条件、方式或伴随动作。 例子：
Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. 在公园里散步的时候，她见到了一个老朋友。
A. making B. made C. to make D. having made A
（2012天津卷）He got up late and hurried to his office, ______ the breakfast untouched.
A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left C.