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美国历史文化概况(英文版)UNIT 4 Civil War and Abraham Lincoln
Read the following sentences and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).
1. After eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States, they formed the Union in the South. ( )
TEXT A Notes
3. Border slave states: In the context of the American Civil War, the term border states refers to the five slave states of Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, and West Virginia, which bordered a free state and were aligned with the Union. All but Delaware share borders with states that joined the Confederacy.
4. The Underground Railroad was an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19thcentury black slaves in the United States to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists who were sympathetic to their cause. The term is also applied to the abolitionists who aided the fugitives. Other various routes led to Mexico or overseas. Created in the early 19th century, the Underground Railroad was at its height between 1850 and 1860. One estimate suggests that by 1850, 100,000 slaves had escaped via the "Railroad".
1. Have a general idea of Civil War and Abraham Lincoln . 2. Understand the history of Civil War . 3. Master the difficult words and expressions.
TEXT A Reading Comprehension
Unit 4 Civil War and Abraham Lincoln
CONTENTS
Teaching Aims Text A Text B Supplementing Reading
TEACHING AIMS
After studying this unit, you are required to:
TEXT A New Words and Expressions:
1. secession [si'seʃən] n. 脱离;分离
• This, they feel, may lay the groundwork for financial independence and secession .
5. At the beginning of military struggle, the Northern States were poorly prepared for the war. And in terms of strength, the North didn’t enjoy much superiority. ( )
• 他们觉得,如此可以打下财政独立与成功的基础。
2. confederacy [kən'fedərəsi] n. 联盟;私党;联邦 • A man who fought for the Confederacy can't be all bad. • 一个为南部联盟战斗过的人是不会坏到哪里去的。 3. discrimination [dis,krimi‘neiʃən] n. 歧视;区别,辨别
8. The war ended in victory for the North and the Union when the Southern troops were hemmed in at Appomattox, Virginia. ( )
TEXT A Notes
1. The Confederate States of America (also called the Confederacy, the Confederate States, and the CSA) was an unrecognized state set up from 1861 to 1865 by eleven southern slave states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S. Asserting that states had a right to secede, seven states declared their independence from the United States before the inauguration of Abraham Lincoln as President on March 4, 1861; four more did so after the Civil War began at the Battle of Fort Sumter (April 1861).
4. Negroes n. 黑人(Negro的复数形式) • Its unjust treatment of Negroes in the courts is a
notorious reality. • 该市法庭对待黑人的不公亦是臭名昭著的现实。
5. dispute [dis‘pju:t, ’dis-] n. 辩论;争吵 • That would further undermine the They agreed to arbitrate their
6. During the first two years of American Civil War, the Federal Army suffered repeated setbacks. ( )
7. The famous Emancipation Proclamation became effective on September 22, 1862. ( )
TEXT A New Words and Expressions:
10.frontiersmen [‘frʌntjəzmən] n. 拓荒者(frontiersman的复数形式 • Now the New Frontiersmen swarmed in from state governments,
2. It was the dispute over Negro slavery that touched off the American Civil War.( )
3. Uncle Tom’s Cabin was written by Harriet Beech Stowe. ()
4. The election of Abraham Lincoln was a fuse of the American Civil War. ( )
• The latter studies also implied that exposure to carbon monoxide altered time discrimination and estimation.
• 研究还指出,对一氧化碳的暴露,改变了对时间的区别和估计。
TEXT A New Words and ExpressiBiblioteka ns:TEXT A Notes
2. Slave and free states: In the United States of America prior to the American Civil War, a slave state was a U.S. state in which slavery of African Americans was legal, whereas a free state was one in which slavery was either prohibited or eliminated over time. Slavery was one of the causes of the American Civil War and was abolished by the Thirteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution in 1865.
7. manufacturer [,mænju'fæktʃərə] n. 制造商;厂商
• Some food additive are regarded as beneficial by the manufacturer.
• 有些食品添加物,生产者认为是有用的。 8. tariff ['tæ rif] n. 关税表;收费表 • As a group, brokers have demonstrated much more muscle in
dispute. • 他们同意经仲裁解决争端。 6. touch off 触发;勾划出;使炸裂;草草写 • Some slight incident may touch off a major war. • 某个小事件可能会引发大战争。