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高考英语阅读理解解题技巧精华PPT


词 义 猜 测 型
同义法 常在词或短语之间有并列
连词and或or,它们连接的两项内容在含 义上是接近的或递进的,由此可以推测。
反义法 如 hot and cold, give and
receive等,或前句为肯定,后句为否定。 总之,词与词间都起着互为线索的作用。
释义法 对文章中的生词用定语
(从句)、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号 等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。
to the underlined word “illiterate”
A. repeat C. uneducated
B. reiterated D. sick 解 释
Passage3: Most women in Ghana ——
the educated and illiterate, the urban and
阅读理解 解题技巧
1
阅读理解
是英语能力培养的重点项目,是考试 的一个重要题型,分值高、题量大。阅读 理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的 加工能力。
阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度 和理解力的正确率。
因此,阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。
多分析题型,多了解考点,真正做到有的
放矢,提高命中率。
2
❖ 辽宁2010考纲要求考生能读懂有关日常生 活话题的简短文字材料,例如公告、说明、 广告以及书﹑报﹑杂志中关于一般性话题 的简短文章,并能从中获取相关的信息。
Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph
A. GM is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.
【解析】答案为C。take sth. away
of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。
本段落以一、二句引出要表达的 主题,在主题句出现后,再举例子陈 述细节或继续论证。
寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的 关键。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾 句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析)一 般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。
rural, the young and old work to earn an
income in addition to maintaining their
roles as housewives and mothers. Their
reputation for economic independence, 第四节
情景推断法、代词替代法等19
做题要领
1)文中找线索或信息词;
2) 根据熟悉的词及词义 判断新单词之意;
3)根据上下文判断新词 汇在特定句中确切意思。
4. 特别注意熟词新意! 20
阅读理解基础训练
Basic Training
---词义猜测型 21
Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning
阅读理解基础训练
Basic Training
---主旨大意题 7
Passage 1
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能满足的)society. 练习题 解释 细节题8
14
阅读理解基础训练
Basic Training
---事实细节型 15
Q1) ____ calories are required to raise the
temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325
D. 275
Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to
of calories that a boy aged 8 does.
C. An office worker requires the same amount of
calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount 16
❖ 1 ﹑理解主旨和要义 ❖ 2 ﹑理解文中具体信息 ❖ 3 ﹑根据上下文推断生词的词义 ❖ 4 ﹑作出简单判断和推理 ❖ 5 ﹑理解文章的基本结构 ❖ 6 ﹑理解作者的意图﹑观点和态度
3
因此有关阅读理解题目主要 有以下几种:

主旨大意型
事实细节型

词义猜测 型

推理判 断型 4
主旨大意题
干扰项 可能是文中某个具体事实或细节。 干扰项 可能是从文中某些 (不完全的) 事
the chart above?
文章 解释
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the
amount of calories that a baby does.
B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount
Woman feeding baby
2,700
17
Man over 70
2,100
Boy aged 16
3,000
【解析】答案为 D 。 文章
根据文章细节内容,计算公式 为: (90-35)×5×1=275
【解析】答案为 C 。
根据文章图表,依次验证A、B、 C、D 四个答案的内容是否正确。 很易找出 C 符合图表内容。 18
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers. 解释9
23
推 推理判断题:高考重头戏,20 个题中常有6-8个,着重考查学生
理 归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。 透过现象看本质,领悟作者思
判 想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态 断 度等。
以原文内容为前提,据作者的
型 观点理论(非考生观点),客观地对文 中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合 理的逻辑推断,做出一定解释。24
much do we need to stay healthy? The energy
value of food is usually measured in calories.
A calorie is the amount of heat required to

raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃.
推理判断题(做题要领)
既要求学生透过文章表面
文字信息推测文章隐含意思,
又要求学生对作者的态度、
意图及文章细节的发展作正
确的推理判断,力求从作者
的角度去考虑,不要固守自
己的看法或观点。
25
推理判断型常见的命题方式有:
1. The passage implies (暗示) that_______.
2. We can conclude (得出结论) from the passage that_____.
self-reliance, and hard work is well known 22
and well deserved(应得的,值得的).
解 释 本题答案选C
这段文字中讲到加纳这个国家中 的大多数妇女,受过教育的
(educated)和没有受过教育的 (illiterate);住在城市的 (urban)和住在农村的(rural), 年轻的(young)和年长的(old) 正好是一对对反义词。因此选 C 项。
1)Which of the following statements is true?
2)Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
13
3)The author ( or the passage) states that___.
4)According to the passage, when ( where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)___?
3.Which of the following can be inferred (推论)?
26
❖ What is the tone (语气) of the author ?
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