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新人教版八年级下册英语语法总结

too,so, enough, pretty等
(二)比较级句型
1.当句中有than 时则用比较级。 2.当句子中的比较对象为两者时用比较级:“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级, A or B?” eg: Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?
3. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越…“ 注意:加more构成比较级的形容词则用more and more +形容词表示越来 越… 4. “the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越…,越…”。
二、until, so that ,although引导的状语从句:
1.在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里,如果 主句用肯定式,表示“一直到…时”,谓语动 词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,表示“直到…才…”, 谓语 动词可用短暂性动词。
2.so that引导目的状语从句(“为了,以便”) 3.although相当于though(“尽管,虽然”),引 导让步状语从句。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
• 过去进行时
结构 : was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing
比较:一般过去时VS过去进行时用法的: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存 在的状态, 过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正 在进行的动作。
(三)最高级常用句型结构
1.“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语” 表示“……是……中最……的”。
eg: Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students. 2.“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of 短语” 表示“……是……中最……之一”
【注意】形容词最高级之前要加the,但当最高级之前有 形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时则不用加the eg: He is the best student in my class
He is my best friend.
(四)形容词副词的规则与不规则变化
2. as soon as引导时间状语从句 (―…就…) eg: He will come and see you as soon as he can.
3. so.......that引导结果状语从句
句型1:主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句 eg:The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 句型2: so +形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句 eg:It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 句型3. so + many/ few + 复数名词 + that从句 eg:He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 句型4: so +much/ little + 不可数名词 + that 从句 eg:I had so little money that I couldn’t buy a pen.
too + adj./adv. + to do sth.
F. 固定句式
had better (not) do sth. Would you like to do sth.? Why not do sth.? Would you please (not) do sth.?
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
Could you please...?句型
(1)请求别人时通常用此句型.用could在语气上更委 婉、客气、诚恳。
(2)对could you/I...?的问句作出回答 肯定:sure/certainly/of course 否定:sorry或oh,please don’t…
(3)表示请求的句式: Would you like to do...? Would you mind doing...? Let’s do.... Shall I/we do...? Please do...(祈使句前加please)
D. 作宾语补足语 tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call,等 可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语
常用形式: tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.
【注意】
动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语 补足语时应省去to:
区别 :when&while
1.由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行 时,从句应用一般过去时; 2.由while引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般过去 时,从句应用过去进行时。 3.如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过 去进行时的时候,多用while引导。
eg: • when the teacher came in, we were talking. • while we were talking, the teacher came in. • They were singing while we were dancing.
(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:
①某人+have/has+病症. ②某人 +have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/back ache/earache. ③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位. ④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. ⑤某部位+hurt(s). ⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位。 ⑦(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位.
一感(feel) 二听(listen to, hear) 三让(let, make, have) 五看(look at, see, watch, notice,observe) 半帮助(help)
E. 动词不定式作状语
主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原 因。为了强调目的,有时可以把动词不定 式放在句首,或在不定式前加 in order (to) 或so as (to) “为了,目的 是常”用。结构:
比较:could you please...和 could I Please... 前者是请求别人帮忙 后者是有礼貌地向别人请求允许
Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents?
一、提建议向别人发出邀请,请求,建议,或征求某人 的意见的其他表达方式:
How /what about doing sth.?…怎么样? You’d better (not) do something.最好(不)做某事 Would you like sth …?想要… Let‟s do sth…? What should I do …?
Review of Units 1-5
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻 烦的表达方法
二、情态动词should的用法
一、 询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法
(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时, 常用以下几种结构来表达:
What’s the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了? What’s wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了? What’s the trouble (with sb.)?(某人)出什么事了? What happened (to sb.)?(某人)发生了什么事? Are you OK?你没事吧? Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事吗?
Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks
• 动词不定式
A. 作主语 B. 作宾语 C. 作(后置)定语 D. 作宾语补足语 E. 动词不定式作状语 F. 固定句式
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻,常 用it作为形式主语,而真正的主语动词不 定式后置。
常用句型: ①It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth. ②It takes sb. some time to do sth.
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
• 形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级
(一)原级句型:
1. A is as+原级+ as+ B 表示A 与B一样…
2.A is not as/so +原级+ as B 表示A不如B… • 注意:只能修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,
Practicing Time……
Review of Units 6-10
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains
1. unless引导条件状语从句 2.as soon as引导时间状语从句 3. so.......that引导结果状语从句
1. unless引导条件状语从句 unless = if … not 除非,若不 eg: They will go tomorrow unless it rains. = They will go tomorrow if it doesn’t rains.
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