英语语音知识1. 元音：单元音（12）：/ i: / i / e / [æ] / a: / / : / u / u: / / / : /双元音（8）：/ ei / ai / i / i / u /ε/ u / au /2. 辅音：（24）按声带震动与否为：清音：/ p / t / k / f / s / / h / θ / t / tr / ts /浊音：/ b / d / g / v / z / m / n / / / /dr / dz / r / w / j / l /3. 音节：一个元音，或一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合称为音节。

[m, n, l, N]和辅音音素结合，也可以构成一个音节。

有几个元音就有几个音节。

开音节：绝对开音节：辅音字母 + 元音字母相对开音节：元音字母 + 辅音字母（除r）+ e （不发音）在重读开音节中，元音字母都读作字母的发音。

闭音节：元音字母 + 辅音字母（除r）在重读闭音节中，元音字母a读作/A /， e 读作/ e /，I (y)读作/ I /，o读作/ R /，u读作/ u / 或 / Q /.（重读闭音节三要素：1. 必须是重读音节； 2. 最后只有一个辅音字母；3. 元音字母发短元音。

）音节的划分①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅音时，一个辅音属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。

例如：le t-t er me m-b er chi l-dr en dau gh-t er②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅音时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅音属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。

例如：长音 p a-per st u-dent f a-ther z e-ro m o-tor f ar-ther短音 s e v-en st u d-y m o th-er v e r-y m o d-le w ea th-er字母组合不能分开，必须划在一个音节内，如：ch, th, sh, ph, tr, dr4．单词重音：在多音节或双音节词中，有一个读得特别响亮的音节，叫做重读音节。

除了一些复合词外，一般说来，每个单词只有一个重读音节，重读音节用重音符号"’"来表示。

单音节词不标重音符号，但必须重读。

双音节词重读规则双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。

例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。

双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。

例如：a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。

例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。

例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation英语的基本拼读规则总规则：1. 元音字母在重读开音节中一般读“字母”音；在闭音节中读“短”音2．元音字组在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]但：yell ow sparr ow tomorr ow everyd ay[ei] handb a g[æ]blackb oar d[:]1．元音字母a及其字母组合的读音2．元音字母e及其字母组合的读音3．元音字母i及其字母组合的读音4．元音字母o及其字母组合的读音honest A. hope B. holiday C. hello D. hotel2. important A. information B. neighbour C. perform D. forbid3. father A. faster B. famous C. fall D. factory4. admit A. bicycle B. active C. beside D. knife5. endeavour A. journey B. course C. court D. honour6. headache A. cheat B. machine C. school D. cheery7. southern A. thirteen B. south C. fourth D. neither8. whole A. wheat B. while C. whose D. white9. exactly A. exercise B. except C. expect D. examination10. heavy A. break B. bread C. deal D. cheap11. traveler A. service B. performance C. certain D. servant12. around A. moustache B. announce C. group D. young13. fresh A. electric B. escape C. equality D. entire14. certainly A. rely B. really C. terrify D. try15. condition A. suggestion B. question C. conclusion D. congratulation16. climb A. beauty B. comb C. border D. behind17. remain A. Britain B. certain C. explain D. captain18. removed A. suffered B. laughed C. advanced D. shocked19. dollars A. roofs B. pillows C. groups D. ports20. laughter A. enough B. thought C. plough D. through21. courage A. ground B. double C. loud D. mouth22. brown A. low B. town C. know D. knowledge23. student A. busy B. ruler C. July D. music24. waist A. portrait B. captain C. Britain D. plain25. strength A. bathe B. though C. breathe D. mouth26. term A. understand B. whisper C. water D. certainly27. bear A. near B. search C. early D. pear28. ocean A. concert B. century C. official D. coast29. sew A. result B. saw C. sure D. sugar30. salt A. chalk B. calm C. almost D. half31. language A. dance B. trunk C. many D. money32. compare A. scare B. inspire C. admire D. enquire33. advanced A. entrance B. salute C. fortunate D. task34. lock A. prove B. London C. longer D. lonely35. Canada A. majority B. balance C. advanced D. dangerous36. fever A. president B. electric C. fresh D. frequently37. cousin A. thirsty B. resist C. anxious D. universe38. worm A. lord B. storm C. worry D. worthy39. trousers A. dozens B. requests C. desks D. lakes40. praise A. fairy B. remain C. said D. prairie41. April A. parent B. basin C. grasp D. wallet42. excuse A. use B. truth C. truck D. jump43. possible A. electric B. expensive C. technique D.electricity44. foreign A. ceiling B. volleyball C. weight D. receive45. academy A. recite B. recognize C. fresh D. cruelty46. whose A. town B. whom C. wonder D. woman47. tower A. tomorrow B. throw C. slowly D. how48. pleasant A. pleased B. pleasure C. peaceful D. break49. nation A. nature B. natural C. national D. candle50. repeat A. already B. bread C. defeat D. great51. month A. government B. common C. along D. monument52. absorb A. worm B. favor C. north D. emperor53. fought A. brought B. rough C. country D. trouble54. pause A. restaurant B. aunt C. mauve D. automobile55. watched A. realized B. practised C. whispered D. pleased56. revision A. possession B. expression C. television D. permission57. object A. mother B. ocean C. observe D. obvious58. telegraph A. grammar B. breakfast C. broadcast D. manage59. duty A. education B. ruler C. blue D. jump60. silence A. practise B. silk C. decide D. astonish61. patient A. friend B. achieve C. field D. ancient62. Thursday A. surround B. nurse C. surprise D. pursuit63. hour A. journey B. court C. tour D. ourselves64. chocolate A. machine B. cheek C. character D. stomach65. strength A. northern B. worthy C. theory D. thus66. passenger A. vegetable B. guess C. figure D. together67. throughout A. naughty B. cough C. enough D. laugh68. question A. resolution B. revision C. suggestion D. possession69. material A. grammar B. grandson C. basket D. majority70. cautious A. curious B. ambitious C. obviously D. various71. moustache A. machine B. church C. match D. chalk72. many A. anything B. library C. canal D. important73. comparison A. quality B. quantity C. quarrel D. national74. childhood A. cool B. food C. wood D. fool75. woman A. wolf B. lose C. improve D. tomb76. politics A. tongue B. province C. wonder D. otherwise77. fortunately A. temperature B. graduate C. classmate D. headache78. frequently A. serious B. period C. material D. theme79. poster A. remove B. progress C. house D. ground80. assistant A. physics B. observe C. nervous D. museum81. exhibition A. exercise B. exist C. example D. examine82. mean A. measure B. European C. breath D. meantA. immediatelyB. destroyC. researchD. system84. length A. southern B. nevertheless C. strengthen D. worthy85. whereas A. thirsty B. dynasty C. statistics D. hesitate86. dreadful A. steak B. decrease C. breast D. peanut87. explanation A. exhibition B. expression C. expand D. exact88. grade A．temperature B．classmate C．necklace D．fortunate89．south A．courage B．soup C．southern D．trousers90．smooth A．feather B．tooth C．thief D．warmthA. advantageB. quantityC. fortunateD. baggageA. rocketB. compassC. handsomeD. holyA. bookletB. goodsC. foolishD. foot94. measure A. conclusion B. discussion C. Asian D. expression95. official A. cigarette B. precious C. cubic D. recently。