六级翻译强化提高班——菜鸟课程主讲：董仲蠡欢迎使用菜鸟课程电子讲义出题形式《关于大学英语四、六级考试题型调整的说明》原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。
翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
四级长度为140-160个汉字；六级长度为180-200个汉字。
--全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会2013年8月14日翻译？Translating is the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor.——Columbia Encyclopedia翻译本身一种错误？Translation is like dancing with chains.Translation is like a girl, the more beautiful, the more unfaithful.Translation is the art of failure.四六级翻译评分标准分数档标准特征符合定义13-15 译文准确表达了原文的意思。
用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
雅10-12 译文基本上表达了原文的意思。
文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。
达7-9 译文勉强表达了原文的意思。
用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。
信大师如何说翻译？译事三难：信、达、雅。
--严复The standard of true;The standard fluent;The standard of beauty.--林语堂翻译本天成，妙手偶得之STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is inprivateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business.--Francis Bacon读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。
其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博采也，最见于高谈阔论之中，其长才也，最见于处事判事之际。
王佐良译Able was I ere I saw Elba.我在到俄尔巴岛之前是有能力的。
在我看到Elba岛之前，我曾所向无敌。
不到俄岛我不倒。
弱至孤岛孤至弱。
孤至厄岛厄至孤。
困遇孤岛孤遇困。
若非孤岛孤非若（弱）。
落败孤岛孤败落。
Nobody grows merely by the number of years; we grow old by deserting our ideals.年年有加，并非垂老；理想丢弃，方至暮年。
Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓唐必至灵魂。
--王佐良译Youth翻译本天成，妙手偶得之Never mind, I'll find someone like you.毋须烦恼，终有弱水替沧海。
I wish nothing but the best, for you too.抛却纠缠，再把相思寄巫山。
--Adele Adkins Someone like youIf I should meet thee, after long years.How should I greet thee, with silence and tears.-- George Gordon Byran异化（foreignization）翻译：多年后，如果我们相逢。
我将以何来面汝，以沉默以眼泪。
归化（domestication）翻译：多年惜别后，抑或再相逢。
相逢何所语？泪流默无声。
归化：《三国演义》二十一回：操曰：“龙能大能小，能升能隐；大则兴云吐雾，小则隐介藏形；升则飞腾于宇宙之间，隐则潜伏于波涛之内。
”A dragon can assume any size, can rise in glory or hide from sight. Bulky, it generates clouds and evolves mist; attenuated, it can scarcely hide a mustard stalk or conceal a shadow. Mounting, it can soar to the empyrean; subsiding, it lurks in the uttermost depths of the ocean.巧妇难为无米之炊。
Even the cleverest housewife can’t cook a meal without rice.Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour.尴尬的翻译人之初：At the beginning of life. (白话文：生命的起初)性本善：Sex is good. (白话文：性是美好的)性相近：Basically, all the sex are the same. (白话文：基本上，所有的性行为是差不多滴)习相远：But it depends on the way you do it. (白话文：但还是得依照个人的喜好而为之)思考Always meaning to meaning.Never word to word.人之初，性本善。
性相近，习相远。
Man at birth,Being of worth.The same natureVaries on nurture.判断一下？Red Cliff红岩All men are Brothers都他妈是兄弟Farewell, My Concubine别了，我的情儿判断一下？要想皮肤好，早晚用大宝。
信：If you want good skin, you should use Dabao every morning and night.达：We can have a beautiful face by using Dabao every day.雅：A fair face now, Dabao knows how.汉语（通常情况）1.修饰结构在前2.分离可反复3.主动居多4.一句可多动词英语（通常情况）1.修饰结构在后2.合并避反复3.善用被动4.动词要有主有次做题步骤1.调整语序2.直接翻译（信、达）3.美化翻译（雅）试题演练●我国的端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival）是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。
The Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Y uan.●喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。
Chatting with cups of tea is the most popular way to spend time among Chinese.●过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。
The tradition of celebrating Mid-Autumn festival became popular throughout China in the early Tang dynasty.●旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个行业，现在正引起中国公众越来越大的注意。
Tourism is a fast developing industry for the last two decades all over the world, which now draws more and more attention of Chinese public.思考：“是”？“是”的翻译技巧●世界贸易组织是成立于1995年1月1日的，目的是确保一个稳定的全球贸易经济环境。
The WTO was founded on January 1st, 1995, which aims to ensure a stable environment of trading and economy in the world.改变一下？●《三国演义》由罗贯中创作于14世纪，是一部中国历史题材小说。
Romance of Three Kingdoms, written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a Chinese history novel (a novel based on Chinese history stories).●大学生之间的竞争也越来越激烈，这导致任何一名大学生找到工作的机会都变小了。
The competition among graduates has become more and more fierce, which results that the chance that any individual graduate finds a job has decreased.●对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。
For those who earn less but eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford.seek, seek; search, search;cold, cold; bare, bare;Grief, grief; cruel, cruel griefNow warm, then like the autumn cold againHow hard to calm the heart!I look for what I missI know not what it isI feel so sad, so drear,So lonely, without cheer,How hard is itTo keep me fitin this lingering cold.——许渊冲许先生也有逗B翻译：Do not dance then! Have you not seen both plump and slender beauties turn to dust?I love your temperament of the pine, and your character of the red plum.I love your sugarcane in our hometown, which moistens my heart like breast milk.合并详解Being a secretary is different from what people would imagine.Being a secretary is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.Being a secretary, different from what people would imagine, is a very complex job which needs the ability to organize, coordinate and communicate.mineral resources）是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。