5. A group of policemen who were coming out of a green jeep rushed to a murder. 6. The man who is standing outside is a crosstalk artist. 7.A pretty girl who was caught stealing things in the market is a undergraduate. 8.The eight pandas which will be taken to Beijing tomorrow will live in the Beijing Zoo. 9.My teacher suggested the dictionary that was referred to be bought in 3 days.
(3). 过去分词作定 位置 语 English is a widely used language.
This is one of the schools built in 1980s. 单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的 前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰 词的后面。
(4)语法功能
过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个 定语从句。
Cleaning women in big cities usually get C ________by the hour.
The stolen bike belongs to Jack.
bike which has been stolen belongs to Jack. The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.
The The
1.The children who are playing the violin will give a performance next week. The children playing the violin will give a performance next week. 2. I saw a man who was frightened by a snake. I saw a man frightened by a snake. 3.He saw a dog that was carrying a piece of meat entering your garden. He saw a dog carrying a piece of meat entering your garden. 4. There are many new English words which are added to the new edition of the dictionary. There are many new English words added to the new edition of the dictionary.
3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested, surprised, excited, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用 作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动 意味。
a broken heart
一颗破碎的心
the risen sun
已经升起的太阳
a lost dog
丧家之犬
2. 现在分词作定语 1. a flaming argument 2. an exciting evening 3. a walking stick 4. a howling storm 5. the rising sun 6. an operating table 7. smiling faces 8. the suffering peasants 9. building materials 10. a flying kite
① How did the audience receive the new play? They got very excited.
② How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results. ③ She was very disappointed to hear the result. ④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about the environment protection.
a letter written in pencil = a letter which was written in pencil the book recommended by Jack
分词作定语
1. 过去分词知多少
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 惊恐的人们 预留的座位 被污染的水 拥挤的教室 打碎的花瓶 关了的门 疲惫的观众 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. terrified /astonished people reserved seats polluted water a crowded room a broken vase a closed door the tired audience
= the book which was recommended by Jack
the machines produced last year = the machines which were produced last year This substance, discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized machine. = This substance, which was discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized machine.
(2) 所表示的时间
过去分词作定语时，所表示的动作 在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.
The letter posted yesterday will soon reach him. Have you read the books written by the young writer？ They found a damaged car at the gate of the park.
• I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行） • The house being built over there is a shop. (被动、正在建)
• The house built over there is a shop. （被动、已建好）
正在发生的动作，表主动
A The Olympic Games,___ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.
A. first played C. first playing B. to be first played D. to be first playing
•
区别
1. Will you attend the meeting ________ on Saturday? 还没发生的动作 A. held B. being held C. to be held D. hold
2. The woman ____a lesson is our teacher. A. giving B. given C. to give D. give
3.过去分词和现在分词在做定语时
的区别：过去分词表示被动或完成； 现在分词表示主动或进行。
the changing world （正在变化的） the changed world （变化了的）
boiling water boiled water
（正在沸腾的）
（已经沸腾过的） (发展中的) （发达的）
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。
②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。
③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
1. Did you attend the meeting ______yesterday? C A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held 2. I borrowed a book ______ by Mark Twain from A the library last week. I like it very much. A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write
4. 过去分词作表语
1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要 表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形 容词。 2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子 主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。
① The glass was broken. The glass was broken by Tom.
状态 动作 状态 ② The windows are closed. The windows are closed by Jack. 动作
短语积累
• • • • • • • • • be prepared to do be interested in doing/sth be interested to do be worried about be concerned about be absorbed in doing/sth defeated enemy a boy named/called Bill cracked/broken window • • • • • • • • • 准备好做某事 对…感兴趣（习惯） 对…感兴趣（一次性） 担心… 关心… 专注于… 被打败的敌人 一个叫Bill的男孩 打碎的窗户/玻璃