家庭关系、称谓祖先ancestor代generation血统，后辈，后代descent后辈，子孙offspring夫妻couple父母亲parents丈夫husband妻子wife父亲father母亲mother男的male女的female单身single孩子child儿子son女儿daughter领养的adopted child (foster) 兄弟brother姐妹sister双胞胎twin(外)祖父母grandparents (外)祖父grandfather(外)祖母grandmother奶奶,外婆grandma奶奶,姥姥granny爷爷,外公grandpa岳父,公公father-in-law岳母,婆婆mother-in-law女婿son-in-law儿媳daughter-in-law大伯子brother-in-law继父stepfather继母stepmother叔,伯,舅,姑夫,姨夫uncle姨妈,姑妈,婶母,伯母,舅母aunt 侄儿,外甥nephew侄女,外甥女niece堂(表)兄弟姐妹cousin名字first name (given name)姓氏last name (family name) 亲属,家人folk女孩girl男孩boy 产儿newborn baby婴儿baby吃奶的孩子sucking亲戚relationship主人master女主人，女能人，情妇mistress鳏夫widower产妇lying-in woman寡妇widow孤儿orphan未婚夫fiance未婚妻fiancee第三者，第三方thirdparty成年人adult安乐窝cospy nest爱人sweetheart爱称pet name暧昧关系dubious relationship把兄弟败家子spendthrift (wastrel )同胞兄弟blood brothers (full brothers) 宝宝，宝贝darling本家a member of the same clan表姐妹female cousin表亲关系cousinship婊子whore薄情郎heartless lover娼妓street girl成人adult成家get married成年人grow-up (come of age)未成年be under age重孙great-grandson重孙女great-granddaughter处女virgin (maiden)老处女old maiden大妈（尊称年长的妇人）aunt大娘，大妈father’s elder brother’s wife 成人，大人adult (grown-up)大嫂（称呼已婚妇女）elder sister大少爷，挥霍的人spendthrift大婶儿aunt大叔uncle大爷father’s elder brother (uncle)单身汉bachelor荡妇vampire嫡亲blood relations嫡亲兄弟blood brothers (whole brothers)嫡堂兄妹cousin-german非婚生bastardy非婚生子bastard非婚生女bastarda非亲非故be neither kith nor kin分家break up the family and live apart世代from generation to generation收养关系adoptive relationship收养继承人heir by adoption收养人consignee守寡live in widowhood手足之情brotherly affection叔祖granduncle叔祖母grandaunt说亲act as matchmaker私生子bastard (illegitimate child)胎儿foetus (embryo)同父异母兄弟consanguineous brothers同母所生子女children of the same venter同性恋homosexuality血统blood relationship名门望族distinguished family小老婆concubine小两口young couple孝敬give presents to孝顺show filial obedience白头偕老stick to each other till the hair turns gray玄孙great-great-grandson血亲关系blood ties养父foster father养母foster mother生育，养give birth to姨表姐妹female maternal cousins姨表兄弟male maternal cousins姨太太（口）concubine遗骨remains遗腹子posthumous child遗孤orphan遗孀widow (relict) 初恋first love分手say good-bye房事sexual intercourse非法同居illegal cohabitation同房sleep together同居cohabit初婚first marriage婚前检查pre-martial check-ups婚生子女children born in wedlock非婚生子女children born out of wedlock 婚姻marriage定婚be betrothed家庭family包办婚姻arranged marriage买卖婚姻mercenary marriage婚姻状况marital status结婚登记marriage registration恋爱结婚love match金婚golden wedding退婚break off an engagement晚婚late marriage离婚divorced复婚resume matrimonial relation晚婚marry at a mature age未婚unmarried已婚married婚嫁marriage分居separated分居live apart家谱family tree家庭背景family background家庭出身family origin家庭出身class origin工人家庭出身come from a worker’s family 家长制patrirchy亲属，眷属family dependants郎舅a man and his wife’s brother老爷爷great grandfather老祖宗ancestor (forefather)离婚夫妇的子女child of divorce连襟husbands of sisters领养一个孩子adopt a child领养人adopter领养子女adopted children孪生姐妹twin sisters盟兄弟，结拜兄弟sworn brothers奶妈wet nurse配偶spouse旁系血亲collacteral relative泼妇collateral relatives by blood妾concubine远亲distant relative亲兄弟blood brother情敌rival in love情夫lover情妇mistress亲家relatives by marriage乳名child’s pet name (infant name)赡养support one’s parents新生儿newborn baby生育子女bear children过了生育年龄be past one’s child-bearing age 抚养bring up (foster)父辈elder generation复姓compound surname改嫁remarry高祖(paternal) great-great-grandfather高祖母(paternal) great-great-grandmother根苗（指子孙）offspring孤儿orphan孤儿寡妇orphan and widow寡妇widow鳏夫widower过继adopt a young relative户主head of a household皇家imperial family皇亲国戚a kinsman of the emperor皇室贵胄a scion of royalty皇太后empress dowager皇太子crown prince皇族imperial kinsmen义父adoptive father义母adoptive mother义女adopted daughter义子adopted child远房亲戚a distant relative孕妇pregnant woman怀孕be pregnant 杂种hybrid (crossbreed)早产儿premature infant早熟的孩子a precocious child证婚人chief witness at a wedding ceremony 直系亲属lineal relative侄孙grandnephew侄孙女grandniece侄子nephew侄媳妇nephew’s wife妯娌sisters-in-law列祖列宗successive generations同宗of the same clan正宗orthodox school宗祠ancestral hall宗族patriarchal clan族人clansman族长clan elder族谱pedigree of a clan坐月子lying-in。