单元笔记课堂加油站1Unit Friendship 高中英语必修一一、词汇过关1.upset【考纲释义】adj.心烦意乱的、不安的；v.打翻；使不安，使心烦n.意外的挫折He looks very upset.He must have been in trouble.他看上去很心烦，他肯定有什么麻烦了。

He upset a bottle of ink over the map.他把一瓶墨水弄翻泼到地图上了。

Your comments will upset some people.你的评论会让一些人不快的。

【知识拓展】be upset about /at 对……感到不安2.ignore【考纲释义】vt.不理睬，忽视Either she didn ’t see me wave or she de -liberately ignored me.要么是她没看见我挥手，要么是她故意不理睬我。

The problem is so serious that none of us can ignore it.这个问题如此严重，没人可以置之不理。

【知识拓展】ignorant adj.无知的；没有学识的ignorance n.无知【比较辨析】ignore ；neglectignore 不理睬，忽视，有故意不理睬的意思；neglect 疏于照料，疏忽，忽略（不是故意的）She saw him coming but she ignored him.她看见他走进来，却故意装作没看见。

The agent had neglected to warn us about delays.代理商疏忽,忘了提醒我们会出现延误。

3.concern【考纲释义】vt.&n.涉及、关心、忧虑、关注The recent rise in crime is a matter of considerable public concern.近来犯罪增多是公众相当关注的事。

The tax changes will concern large com -pany rather than small business.税收变化影响的是大公司而非小企业。

Tom has never been concerned about what other people think of him.汤姆对别人如何看待自己从来不太在意。

【知识拓展】show one ’s concern about /for 对……担心、关心as far as sb.be concerned 就……而言be concerned about /for 关心be concerned with 与……相关的concerning prep.关于If you are interested in English,you ’dbetter read some stories concerning culture and background.如果你对英语感兴趣，最好读些关于文化和背景的文章。

4.suffer【考纲释义】vt.忍受；遭受；经历&vi.遭受、感到痛苦Mr.Smith suffered a loss in the vote.史密斯先生在选举中失利了。

He is suffering from the loss of his old friend.他正遭受失去老朋友的痛苦。

【知识拓展】sufferer n.受害者、受苦者suffering n.痛苦、困难5.calm北京甘露【考纲释义】vt.&adj.平静，镇定Faced with emergency,please calm down first.面临紧急情况，首先要镇静下来。

Please remain calm whenever you have trouble.无论何时有困难都要保持镇定。

【知识拓展】calm down使平静下来，镇定【比较辨析】calm;still;silent;quietcalm指风平浪静；或指人内心的平静与安宁。

still指环境的安静或是动作、姿势保持不动。

silent指安静，或是沉默，不发表意见quiet指宁静、安静，没有声音Tom can remain calm in face of danger.汤姆能够临危不乱。

When taking photos,please keep still.照相时请保持不动。

She always remains silent in our discus-sion.她总是在讨论中保持沉默。

I don’t know why it was so quiet in the classroom.我不知教室里为何如此安静。

6.settle【考纲释义】vt.&vi.使舒适；安放；解决；安排There is only one way to settle the dis-pute.要解决争端只有一种方法。

It was settled that Jim would visit us on the weekend.已经确定吉姆周末来看我们。

After returning from abroad,they settled in Chengdu.回国后，他们在成都定居了。

【知识拓展】settle down使停止、安静；安顿；开始认真做某事Sue seems to have settled down more since school started.苏自从开学以来似乎平静多了。

settle in/into适应（新环境）It takes a few months to settle into high school life.要几个月才能适应高中生活。

二、短语诠释1.add up合计Add your score upand we will see whowon.把你的分加起来，我就知道谁赢了。

There are five of us using the phone so it soon adds up.我们五人共用电话，所以花费很快就多起来了。

【知识拓展】add to增加，使丰富；add…to加入，增加；add up to合计As we know,collecting stamps can add to our knowledge of the world.众所周知，集邮可以丰富我们的世界知识。

Don’t add too much salt to the dish—it’s too salty.不要在菜里加太多盐，太咸了。

Your bills added up to$120.你的账单合计120美元。

2.go through经历、经受；被通过；仔细寻找；进行到底How does she keep smiling after all she’s gone through?她经历了这一切后怎么还能满脸笑容?The Bill went through Parliament without a vote.法案未经表决在议会上通过了。

David went through his pockets looking for his keys.戴维翻遍口袋找钥匙。

【知识拓展】go for争取；go off爆炸，发出响声；go on 继续；go over复习，检查；go up增加，建立3.set down记下；放下；登记Please set down what I said.请把我说的话记录下来。

The club rules are set down in its consti-tution.俱乐部规则都写在它的章程里了。

【知识拓展】set about(doing)开始做某事；set up建立；set aside放在一旁；set off出发，动身；爆发；set out(to do)动身踏上旅程；开始做某事；set to开始积极做某事4.on purpose故意My boss is always annoying me,and I think he is doing it on purpose.我老板总让我心烦，我想他是故意的。

He hit me，I don’t know he did it on purpose or by accident.他撞着我了，我不知他是无心还是有意的。

【知识拓展】for the purpose of出于……目的；为了For tax purposes,you will be treated as a part-time employee.出于税收目的，你将会被当作兼职对待。

to good/no purpose很有/毫无效果He has used his musical talents to good purpose.他成功地发挥了他的音乐才能。

反义词组：by chance/by accident无意/偶然5.no longer;not...any longer不再He has given up smoking,he is no longer a smoker.他已戒烟，不再是个烟民了。

I was so tired that I couldn’t work any longer.我累得不行，不能再工作了。

【知识拓展】辩析：no longer；no moreno longer多和live,work,stay,support 等表示持续性动作的动词搭配，强调过去的情况不再延续，放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，强调“不再做某事”；no more多用来指动作的次数。

如:He has given up smoking:he smokes no more.We had a quarrel,so we didn’t speak any more.(=we spoke no more.)三、句式详解1.While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗时，你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子，结果狗被车撞了。

该while引导的时间状语从句中省略了you are，相当于While you were walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose...。

当时间、条件和让步状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。

例如：When(you are)crossing the road,you should be very careful.过马路的时候你要特别当心。

When(ice is)heated,ice can change in-to water.冰加热可以变成水。