①中古时期：但丁②古典时期：玄学派诗歌（约翰邓恩John Donne——《别离辞：节哀》原文如下：A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning.by John DonneAs virtuous men pass mildly away,And whisper to their souls to go,Whilst some of their sad friends do say,"Now his breath goes," and some say, "No."So let us melt, and make no noise,No tear-floods, nor sigh-tempests move ;'Twere profanation of our joysTo tell the laity our love.Moving of th' earth brings harms and fears ;Men reckon what it did, and meant ;But trepidation of the spheres,Though greater far, is innocent.Dull sublunary lovers' love—Whose soul is sense—cannot admitOf absence, 'cause it doth removeThe thing which elemented it.But we by a love so much refined,That ourselves know not what it is,Inter-assurèd of the mind,Care less, eyes, lips and hands to miss.Our two souls therefore, which are one,Though I must go, endure not yetA breach, but an expansion,Like gold to aery thinness beat.If they be two, they are two soAs stiff twin compasses are two ;Thy soul, the fix'd foot, makes no showTo move, but doth, if th' other do.And though it in the centre sit,Yet, when the other far doth roam,It leans, and hearkens after it,And grows erect, as that comes home.Such wilt thou be to me, who must,Like th' other foot, obliquely run ;Thy firmness makes my circle just,And makes me end where I begun.十八世纪：William Blake《永恒》：EternityBy William BlakeHe who binds to himself a joyDoes the winged life destroy;But he who kisses the joy as it fliesLives in eternity's sun rise.浪漫主义（19世界初兴起走向诗歌繁荣时期）浪漫派：济慈；他的作品比较多也比较好找The Human Seasons（人生四季）John KeatsFOUR Seasons fill the measure of the year;There are four seasons in the mind of man:He has his lusty Spring, when fancy clearTakes in all beauty with an easy span:He has his Summer, when luxuriouslySpring’s honey’d cud of youthful thought he lovesTo ruminate, and by such dreaming highIs nearest unto heaven: quiet covesHis soul has in its Autumn, when his wingsHe furleth close; contented so to lookOn mists in idleness—to let fair thingsPass by unheeded as a threshold brook.He has his Winter too of pale misfeature,Or else he would forego his mortal nature；拜伦，雪莱都是这一风格代表诗人勃朗宁夫妇爱情诗歌：Robert Browning和Elizabeth Barrett Browning勃朗宁夫人Insufficiency 自愧弗如伊丽莎白•芭雷特•布朗宁There is no one beside thee and no one above thee,Thou standest alone as the nightingale sings!And my words that would praise thee are impotent things,For none can express thee though all should approve thee.I love thee so, dear, that I only can love thee.世界上没有人同你并列，也没人高于你；你形单影只地站在夜莺啼唱的时分！而我想称颂你的那些话都显得无能，因为虽人人该赞你，却没人能描绘你。
亲爱的，我爱你之深使我只能够爱你。
Say, what can I do for thee? weary thee, grieve thee?Lean on thy shoulder, new burdens to add?Weep my tears over thee, making thee sad?Oh, hold me not--love me not! let me retrieve thee.I love thee so, dear, that I only can leave thee.你说我能为你做什么？使你厌倦忧戚？倚在你肩头上，把新的负担给你添上？把我的泪滴在你脸上，使你感到悲伤？哦，别抱我也别爱我！让我来救出你。
亲爱的，我爱你之深使我只能离开你。
十八世纪中叶：唯美主义：王尔德《helas！》（《唉！》）唉！让我的灵魂随每一缕激情飘逸而化作弦琴任八面来风吹奏，难道是因此我才不再挽留我旧时的聪明和苦行般的自制？我的生活宛若卷轴被书写二次，曾在孩子气的假日里被人草就能搭配古曲②笛管的赋闲之讴，这，损害了我整个生活的秘密。
确曾有那样的时候，我本该登攀阳光照耀的峰顶，清晰地奏响生命的和弦，送达上帝的耳边；难道旧日光阴不再？啊，你可看见，我只不过用小棍点触了浪漫的蜜糖，难道灵魂的遗产就须从此丢个精光？Helas!To drift with every passion till my soulIs a stringed lute on which can winds can play,Is it for this that I have given awayMine ancient wisdom and austere control?Methinks my life is a twice-written scrollScrawled over on some boyish holidayWith idle songs for pipe and virelay,Which do but mar the secret of the whole.Surely there was a time I might have trodThe sunlit heights, and from life's dissonanceStruck one clear chord to reach the ears of God:Is that time dead? lo! with a little rodI did but touch the honey of romance -And must I lose a soul's inheritance?-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------①原文为HELAS，意为叹词“唉”。
此诗是十四行诗体，韵式abbaabbacdccdd，译诗韵式与之相同（但我换成TXT更改了）②原文是virelay，指古代法国的一节二韵诗。
象征主义：夏尔·皮埃尔·波德莱尔（Charles Pierre Baudelaire）《恶之花》（太长PPT 不好用，只是推荐）威廉·巴特勒·叶芝（William Butler Yeats）爱尔兰著名诗人，1923年诺贝尔文学奖获得者。
When you are old （当我们老了）When you are old and grey and full of sleep,And nodding by the fire, take down this book,And slowly read, and dream of the soft lookYour eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;How many loved your moments of glad grace,And loved your beauty with love false or true,But one man loved the pilgrim Soul in you,And loved the sorrows of your changing face;And bending down beside the glowing bars,Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fledAnd paced upon the mountains overheadAnd hid his face amid a crowd of stars.1901-至今：昨晚想到一个思路可以考虑选一点当代比较诺奖获奖的诗歌：托马斯·斯特尔那斯·艾略特1948年度诺贝尔文学奖并确立了当时在世的最伟大英语诗人和作家的地位：罗德亚德·吉普林1907年度的诺贝尔文学奖获得者他生于印度孟买，7岁回英国受教育《如果》IFIf you can keep your head when all about youAre losing theirs and blaming it on you,If you can trust yourself when all men doubt youBut make allowance for their doubting too,If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,Or being lied about, don't deal in lies,Or being hated, don't give way to hating,And yet don't look too good, nor talk too wise:If you can dream -- and not make dreams your master,If you can think -- and not make thoughts your aim;If you can meet with Triumph and DisasterAnd treat those tow impostors just the same;If you can bear to hear the truth you've spokenTwisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken, And stoop and build 'em up with worn-out tools: If you can make one heap of all your winnings And risk it all on one turn of pitch-and-tos,And lose, and start again at your beginningsAnd never breath a word about your loss;If you can force your heart and nevee and sinew To serve your turn long after they are gone,And so hold on when there is nothing in you Except the Will which says to them:"Hold on!"If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue, Or walk with kings -- nor lose the common touch, If neither foes nor losing friends can hurt you;If all men count with you, but none too much,If you can fill the unforgiving minuteWith sixty seconds' worth of distance run,Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it,And -- which is more -- you'll be a Man, my son! 译文：如果在众人六神无主之时，你能镇定自若而不人云亦云；如果在被众人猜忌怀疑之日，你能自信如常而不去枉加辩论；如果你有梦想，又能不迷失自我；如果你有神思，又不至于走火入魔；如果在成功之中能不忘形于色，而在灾难之后勇于咀嚼苦果；如果听到自己说出的奥妙，被无赖歪曲成面目全非的魔术而不生怨艾；如果看到自己追求的美好，受天灾破灭为一摊零碎的瓦砾，也不说放弃；如果你辛苦劳作，已功成名就，还是冒险一搏，哪怕功名成乌有，即惨遭失败，也仍要从头开始；如果你跟村夫交谈也不离谦恭之态，和王侯散步而不露诌媚之颜；如果他人的爱憎左右不了你的正气；如果说你与任何人为伍都能卓然独立；你能等自己平心静气，再作答时——那么，你的修养就会如天地般博大，而你，就是个真正的男子汉了，我的儿子！魏尔纳·海顿斯坦姆（瑞典语：Carl Gustaf Vernervon Heidenstam，又译卡尔·古斯塔夫·维尔纳·冯·海登斯坦），瑞典诗人、小说家，1916年为“褒奖他在瑞典文学新纪元中所占之重要代表地位”，获颁诺贝尔文学奖。