a beam of light 一束光a blast of 一阵风a burning desire 强烈的愿望a cluster of 一群；一组a column of water 水柱a constant temperature恒温a crew of 一组(工作人员)a crushing blow 毁来性的打击a favorite topic 爱谈论的话题a grain of truth 一丝真理a great many 许多a great variety of 各种各样的；大量的a gust of wind 一阵狂风a host of 许多；一大群a household word 家喻户晓的(名)字a mess of 一大堆a rule of thumb 概测法a series of 一系列a set of 一套a speck of 一点点a strip of 一条a suite of 一系列；一套a variety of 各种各样；不同种类a wealth of 大量的accomodate to 适应account for 解释，说明accuse sb. of... 指控某人...acid rain 酸雨adapt to 适应add to 加；增加add up to 总共达到adjust to 适应...advanced composition 高级写作air current 气流all but 几乎；差不多all night long 整晚along with 一道；一起amine acid 氨基酸amount to 合计an array of 大量的and the like 等等，以及诸如此类apart from 除...之外appeal to sb. 吸引某人apply to 适用于arctic (tern) 北极(燕鸥)arouse controversy 引起争议arrive at 达到，作出as a result 结果；其结果是as a result of 其结果是as a rule 通常，一般说来as follows 如下as such 就其本身而言；如所指的人(或物)那样as the case might be 或许as the name suggests 顾名思义as well as 也；和as with 与...一样as...go (es) 就...来说assembly line 流水作业线assume control of 取得对...的控制权astronomical body 天体at a rate of 以...速度at a run 跑；正在跑at all costs 不惜任何代价at an angle 成一个角度at any price 不惜一切代价at best 充其量at great length 详细地；细致地at large 一般来说at liberty 自由地at maturity (动物)成熟时期at most 至多，不超过at the opposite extreme在另一个极端at the peak of 在...高峰期at the request of 应...的邀请at the suggestion of 在...的建议下at the word of command一听到命令声at will 任意，随意at work 起作用atmospheric pressure 大气压力attach importance to 认为...有重要性attach...to... 附在...上,把...系在... attribute...to... 归功于avant-garde artist n. 先锋派艺术家await publication 待出版baby boom 生育高峰期back and forth 来回地balsam fir 香脂冷杉battle against 反对be absorbed by 被...吸收be accompanied by 伴随be accustomed to 习惯于be admitted to 加入be analogous to 与...类比be applied to 用于be applied with 装配有be assigned to 归属于be associated with 与...联系在一起be at a loss 茫然不知所措be at home in 熟悉，精通be at war with 与...交战be attributed to 归于...be bound by 受...约束；由...联系起来be bound to 一定；必然be brought up 被抚养be carpeted with 覆盖着be cast up on 定居在be characteristic of 具有...特色的be closely bound up with与...有密切联系be combined with 使...与结合(组合)be committed to 忠于某一立场；坚定的be compared to 与...相比be confined to 局限于be connected by 由...连接be connected with 与...有关be convinced that... 确信be credited to... 归功于...be dedicated to 从事于；致力于be derived from 来自be directed against 指向...be distinguished for 因...而著称be dotted with 点缀着be dramatized by 通过...得到形象地说明be exposed to 处于...的作用下；使曝光be filled with 装满be friendly with 对...友好be heavily forested 森林茂密的be held in particularly high 非常受器重be held in position 使...处于适当位置be honored with 被授予be in domestic service当佣人be in the hands of 出自...的手be left for dead 被认为已死给撇下不管(意指无法解的难题)be limited to 局限于be located on 位于；坐落在be obliged to 被迫做be of prime importance极其重要be patterned on 以...为模式be paved with 铺满，遍布be preferable to 比...更好be put in chains 被囚禁be recognized as 被认为是...be related to 与...有关be reported as 报道称之为be resistant to 对...有抵抗作用be restricted to 局限于be secreted from 从...分泌出来be short of 不及；少于；缺少be substituted for 替代be taken by 被...吸引be the case 情况属实be the rage 极为流行之物；风靡一时be the rule 普通情况；惯常的事be tired of 厌倦be traced to 追溯到be viewed as 被看作是become (get) involved介入before long 不久以后begin with the idea that最初的想法是behind the lines 在后方belt buckle 皮带搭扣Bessemer converter 酸性转炉(旧称贝氏转炉) Bill of Rights 《人权法案》billions of 亿万birth rate 出生率blood plasma 血浆blood pressure 血压blood serum 血浆blood stream 血流blow out 破裂blow up 炸毁blue whale 蓝鲸born into 出身于...家庭bounce bout 来回弹跳brain wave 脑波break down into 分解成...break into 碰到；发现break off 断裂break off 破壳而出break ties with 断绝与...的关系breeze up (风)变强bright spot 光点bring about 导致bring in 引如；带进bring sb. to the scene使...来到现场bring sth. to a close结束bring...to an end routine结束broad-brimmed hat 宽边帽Bronze Age 青铜器时代build confidence 树立信心bump into 碰到burn out 烧掉burst apart 猛烈爆裂by accident 偶然by means of 通过by no means 决不，并不是by one\'s own admission自已承认(认为) by one\'s own power 靠自身的能力by the (thousands) 按(千)计算by the age of 到...年龄by the close of 到...末期by the way 顺便说一下by twos 每两人(一组)call for 要求call for 要求cannot help but 禁不住capture the imagination of激起...的想象capture the imagination of激发...的想象力care about 关注；对...感兴趣care for 照料(看)carry on 进行carry out 进行carry sth. on one\'s back背在背上carve out of 从...切出(引伸为修建)cash prize 现金奖励(赏)catch a glimpse of 看一看，瞥见catch on 流行起来cater to... 满足...的需要；迎合caught up with 入迷；给...迷住cause damage to 带来损害cave painting 洞穴壁画chains of islands 岛群chamber music 室内乐chaos and confusion 混乱与浑沌chemical bond 化学键chemical compound 化合物chemical integration 化学结合chip out 切成小片church tower 教堂塔circulatory system 循环系统civic duties 公民义务civil law 民法civil service 行政部门Civil War 美国内战(南北战争)clay pottery 黏土陶瓷器clean up 清理干净；清除clear of 离开；脱离cling to 粘在...上close in on 包围，围住close-up view 特写镜头；接近的观察closed circuit television闭路电视coal mine 煤矿coated with 涂有coax sb. into doing sth.劝诱(说服)某人做某事collection and distribution p集散地collide with 与...相碰撞colonial expansion 殖民扩张colored filter 彩色滤光片combine...with 与...结合(化合)come across 遇到come due 到期come into being 形成；产生come into one\'s own 进入繁盛期come on 得到；碰上；找到come to 谈到；提及come under heavy criticism遭到严厉的批评come upon 遇到communicative competence交际能力commuter train 市郊往返列车compete with 与...竞争computer programmer 电脑程序编制员concentration on 注意力集中于concern oneself with 研究的对象是... concerns over 为...担心(忧虑)confer sth. on sb. 把...赐予(授予)conform to 遵守consist of 由...组成continental drift 大陆漂移(说)continental shelf 大陆架contrary to 与...相反contrast with 与...相比convection current 对流循环气流convection zone 对流层convert...into... 把...转换成convex polygon 凸面多角形cope with 与...相适应corpus callosum 胼胝体correspond to 与...相对应count on 依赖course offering 课程设置craft of poetry 诗歌技艺credit sb. with sth. 把...归功于crew modules 船员舱critical point 临界点crouch vi. 蹲；弯腰curio hunter 古董搜寻者cut down 减少，削减dance to jazz music 在爵士乐的伴奏下跳舞date from 追溯deal with 处理；研究dearest to one\'s heart最喜欢的decision point 决定点Declaration of Independence《独立宣言》dedicate oneself to 把自己用于；赋予自己defend oneself against对...为自己辩护deprive sb. of sth. 使...丧失；剥夺derived from 来源于descriptive statistics描述统计学desert landscape 沙漠地貌despite the odds 尽管有极大的困难develop confidence in sb.对某人产生信任devoid of 没有devote one\'s attention to注意；重视devote oneself to 致力于die break 钢模损坏die down 衰落die hard 难解掉；难消灭die out 灭绝digestive system 消化系统distinguish...from...区分double-glazed panel 双层玻璃板draft plan 草案drip cup 滴壶drum skin 鼓皮duct gland 有输送管的腺；管腺due to 由于；取决于dust off 弄掉...灰尘earn the name of 获得...的(美)名elective system 选修制electric current 电流electric eel 电鳗electric resistance 电阻electric traction line电车线electric trolley 电车electromagnetic spectrum电磁光谱emission control 废气排出控制empty...of... 使...失去in route from...to...从...到...的途中end in 以...告终endangered species 濒临灭绝的物种energy content 能量enter a race 参加比赛entrance requirement 入学要求(条件) environmental concerns环境问题equilateral triangle 等边三角形every item of dress 每件衣服every walk of life 各行各业exercise one\'s activity活动exocrine gland 外分泌腺expansion program 扩建工程exploratory trip 考察旅行fade away 逐渐消失fail to do sth. 未能做fall in between 介于两者之间fall in steps with 与...齐步行进fall into 分成fall short of 未达到；辜负far beyond the planets远离行星的fasten to 固定在... 上fatten sth up 使...长肥fault system 断层系统feed on 以...为生fertilized eggs 受精卵fill in 填充fill out 扩大fill up 填补fishing enthusiast 钓鱼爱好者fit (fill) the bill 符合要求，适合要求flash out 辐射；照射flies in amber 珍奇遗物flour sack 面粉袋focus on 以...为焦点；集中于follow close to the line of严格遵守follow suit 学样，照着做food processing 进食for a time 一段时期for the most part 多半；通常；在极大程度上for the remainder of 余下的岁月里for the time 在当时fossil fuel 化石燃料free of 没有from generation to generation世代相传from sb\'s of view 从...的角度来看from sb\'s standpoint 从...的观点来看from without and within来自外面和内部的front teeth 门牙frost heaving 冻胀；冰冻隆胀full authority 全权full moon 满月fully outfitted for 为...完全整装好gain a win 获胜gain easy access 容易接近gain interest among 令...感兴趣games of chance 机遇游戏gammar radiation 伽马射线gem topaz 宝石黄晶geologically speaking从地质学的角度来说geomagnetic field 地磁场get into hot water 陷入困境get under way 开始进行get...in tone 使和谐(协调)gifted with 天生有give birth 产仔，生孩子give birth to 产生；形成give off 长出；发出give rise to 导致give way to 让路，让步Glacier National Park国家冰川公园go (es) as follows 如下go about 从事go back as far as 追溯到...go back to 追溯到go off 爆炸gold rush 淘金热gold-headed cane 金手杖governing class 统治阶级grass plains 长满草的平原graze on 吃grind up 磨碎grizzly bear (北美产的)灰熊grocery store 杂货店gypsy moth 舞毒蛾half brother 同母异父(或同父异母)兄弟halfway path 中庸之道hand out 施舍hand-held drum 手鼓hand-to-hand combat 肉搏战handsome salary 可观的薪水harden into 变得确定have ...in common 有共同点have a good idea of 清楚地了解(知道)have a strong arm for有强硬的手段做...(arm指权力，力量) have an advantage over比...有优势have but one 只有一个have effect on 对...产生影响have intimate knowledge of非常熟悉have less to do with 与...关系小一些have more to do with...与...更有关have on sth. 穿戴某物have sth. to do with 与...有关have...in common 共有...heartbreak over 因...而碎心(的痛苦)high kick 高踢腿high performer 效率高的职员high plains 高平原higher education 高等教育hillbilly music 乡村音乐hired hand 雇员historical perspective历史展望hold back 阻挡，抑制hold positions of authority享有权力地位hold to 坚持hold up 支撑hold...in place 使...在合适的位置home front 大后方homing pigeon 信鸽honored with... 荣获hook up 连接；插上horizon lines 地平线horse and cart 马车horse-drawn trolley 马车House of Representative众议院hydraulic shield 液压防护装置hydrogen cyanide 氢氰酸ice Age 冰期；冰河时代ice cap 冰盖；冰冠ice cube 近似立方形的冰块idiomatic expressions习惯表达法if sorts 勉强称得上的；各种各样的immediate forebear 直系祖先in a brilliant fan 呈明亮的扇形in a large part 在很大程度上in abundance 大量地in abundant supply 大量供应in addition to 除...以外in advance 提前，预先in an early form 雏形in combination 结合in conjunction with 与...连起来in constant motion 不断运动in contact with 与...联络(系)in contrast 相反in cooperation with 与...合作in depth 全面深入地；彻底地in extent 就面积而言in favor of 支持；出于偏爱in general 总的说来in half 两半in harmony with 与...协调in high gear 高速，高档in one\'s own right 本身，自身in one\'s power 尽某人的努力in one\'s turn 接着；轮到时in oneself 自身in operation 在运行in other words 也就是说；换句话说in proportion 相应地in proportion to 与...成比例in quantity 大量的in relation to 与...有关in relation to 与...有关in showers of spark 阵雨似的火花in significant measure在很大的程度上in so far as 在...的范围内；到...的程度in some cases 在某些情况下in terms of 从...角度而言in the hope of 希望in the depth of 在...里面in the distant future在遥远的将来in the midst of 在...中间in the open air 在户外in the past 在过去in the sense of 从...意义上说in the spotlight 成为注意中心；出风头in the strictest sense最严格的意义上in theory 理论上in this manner 用这种方式；这样in this respect 在这方面in turn 反过来；转而independent of 独立于indulge in 沉溺于inferential statistics演绎统计学inferior to 比...差，低于...的insofar as 在...的范围内；到...的程度instant color print 即现彩色印制institutions of higher learni高等教育机构insulation board 隔热板interact with 与...相互作用interfere with 干扰intergalactic space 星际空间intestinal wall 肠壁iron rail 铁轨iron rod 铁棍ironing table 熨衣板irrelevant to 与...不相关isolated substance 离析物质it is not just that ...这并不只是因为jaw muscle 颚肌jibe with 符合...，与...一致jigsaw puzzle 七巧板jump out at 突然出现keep abreast with 跟上，不落后于keep at 不息地做keep count of 知道...的确切数目keep out 抵御keep record 管理楼案keep to 留在(某地)keep up with 跟上keep with sb\'s orders遵照...的命令keep...on board 使...有(工作上的)联系key component 主要成分keyboard instrument 键盘乐器killer whale 虎鲸；逆戟鲸know better 明事理；有头脑know next to nothing of...几乎一无所知laden with 充满later years 晚年lava cave 熔岩洞lawn sprinkler 草坪撒水器lay claim to 宣称有...lead out 开始；出发learn by rote 死记硬背地学习leave no sort of trace没有留下任何痕迹let off 放(枪炮，烟花)等liberal arts 人文科学life cycle 生命周期light bulb 灯泡light court 天窗link...to... 与...连接起来literary output 文学作品living quarters 住处lock system 河闸控制系统long johns 长内衣裤look into 研究lose consciousness 失去知觉lose sight of 忘记；忽略；不再看见love affair 恋爱Lower World 下界loyal to 效忠于lubricating oil 润滑油main subject 主体maintain order 维持秩序major general 少将make a point 表明一种看法；证明一个论点make a tribute to 向...献礼make an impact on 对...产生影响make one\'s way to 想方设法进入make out 辨出来，看出来make sketches of 作素描make the difference 产生差别make the most of 充分利用make up 构成；组成make way for 为...腾出地方；让路manufacturing or mining center制造或矿业开发中心marine scientist 海洋科学家mass production 大量生产mass transportation 公共交通运输massed movement 大规模运动maverick a. 标新立异的；持不同意见的medicine man 巫医membership fee 会员费merge into 合并；结合merit and demerit 优缺点methyl cyanide 甲基氰migratory bird 候鸟mill town 工业城mirror film 镜膜model oneself after 模仿...modus operandi (拉丁文)做法monarch butterfly 黑脉金斑蝶more specifically 更具体地说more succinctly 更简洁地说more than 超出...的motion picture 电影motor center 运动(神经)中枢move into 进入much less 更不用说multiple service 多层次服务musical composition 乐曲name after 以...命名native to (the west) (西部)土生土长的NATO 北大西洋公约组织natural balance 生态平衡nervous system 神经系统news coverage 新闻报道no wonder 不足为怪not-too-distant future在不远的将来nuclear energy 核能nuclei nucleus 的复数n. 核nucleic acid 核酸object lesson 示范；实物教学of all time 有史以来of special note 特别显著；特别重要of the day 当时的of the essence 极其重要的；必不可少的of the period (day) 当时off course 不在规定的轨道上；离开航线oil refining 炼油on a daily basis 每天(指一起共事)on an equal base with与...在平等的基础上on average 平均on hard times 在困难时期on one\'s own 靠自己的力量on the battlefield 在战场上on the bottom 在底部on the heavy side 有点偏胖on the other side 另一方面on the part of 就...而言on the spot 当场，现场on the strength of 基于，根据on the urban scene 在城市里on the whole 总的说来on the whole 整体而言on their way 在...途中on various occasions 在许多情况下only that... 只是因为...open ended 开口的open up 开设operational mine 工作矿井or whatever 等等；诸如此类的事order of magnitude 数量级organic food 有机食品original version 原始著作；原始版本originate from 源于other than 除了...以外out of place 不在合适的位置outer space 外层空间over millennia 数千年来over the horizon 即将来临，已露端倪(同on the horizon) over time 久而久之parking lot 停车场participate in 参加pass on 传递；转移pass the time 消磨时光pass up 放过pattern sth. After 仿效pay close heed to 密切注意peace table 和平谈判桌peat bog 泥炭penal colony (罪犯的)流放地per capita 人均perform a role 起作用perform onstage 登台表演periodic reversal 周期性反转persist in 坚持作...personal conferences 私下交谈；个别接触personal contact 私下交往perspective glass 透视镜physical decay 自然衰退pick up 找到(路线，踪迹等)并沿着它走picture tube 显像管piece together 收集pilot whale 领航鲸；巨头鲸pivotal figure 关键人物Plain Indian Culture 大草原印第安人文化plastered with 涂上灰泥plate glass 平板玻璃plate tectonics 板块结构学play an important role起重要作用plot out 描绘；提出...纲要point of departure 出发地点point to 意味着polar region 极地political favor 政治施舍positive and negative effects正负作用postage stamp 邮票pour out into 倾注power failure 停电power plant (同power station)发电厂；发电站powered trial bike 机动小径自行车powerful Earth-based telescope地球上的高倍望远镜present difficulties 构成困难press coverage 新闻报道primary concern 主要关心的事prior to 在...之前；先于private industry 私人企业produce results 产生结果producer group 生产者集团progressive forces 进步力量prominent a. 显著的，突出的provided that ... 如果public amenities 公共娱乐场所public land policy 公共土地政策public opinion 公众舆论public school 公立学校public sentiment 公众的情绪public transit 公共交通系统pull forward 向前凸出Puritan father 清教徒长老put another way 换句话说put back 恢复正常；把...放回原处put sb. against 使与...对立put the interests of ...ahead把...利益置于...之前put through 使穿过put up 建立put...in place 把...放在合适的位置qualify as 作为...合适quarry operation 采石场的运作quarter century 四分之一世纪quotation mark 引号rag paper 碎布优质纸railroad industry 铁路工业raise money 集资range from...to... (在...到...内)变动；显示不定(或不等) rate of growth 增长率rather than 而不是raw material 原材料raw sewage 原污水reach its peak 到达顶峰ready market 现成的市场real estate 不动产，房地产red cedar 铅笔柏reduce...to... 把...简化为reenter politics 再度从政refer to 指reference point 参照点reference to 提到reflective glass 反光玻璃reflective tape 反光带refuse site 废地regardless of 不论relative speed 相对速度relevant to 与...有关REM (rapid eye movement)快速眼动removed from 远离renew a friendship 重修旧好replace...with... 用...代替... reproductive capability生殖能力residential lot 住宅区result from 由...产生result in 结果是；导致result in 导致；结果是retentive power 暂留力return to life 恢复活力reward sb. 奖励；表彰rich in 富有rocking chair 摇椅roll over 翻滚root in 起源于；起因于rough hands 粗鲁的工人run into 遇到run out of 用完run parallel to 与...平行run wild 失控；(价)暴涨running north and south贯穿南北rush out 涌出rust away 锈烂satellite city 卫星城satisfy one\'s desires实现愿望satisfy one\'s needs 满足...要求scat singing 无意义的狂喊乱叫唱法scholarly attainment 学术成就scoop up 用铲子取sea anemone 海葵seal up 封闭，密封second job 第二职业second place 第二名seek after 寻找；追求sense organ 感觉器官service industry 服务行业set a record 创记录set sth. in motion 使...运动set the stage for 为...提供舞台；为...创造条set the table 摆好餐具set up 设立set...in motion 使...运动shift from...to... 从...转向shine through (喻)表现出来short of 若无，除...外show off 炫耀，卖弄shut down 关闭shut out 遮住；把...挡在外面, 排斥side with 站在...一边；支持sieve tube 筛管sign language 符号语言sink into an existence陷入(进入)...的状态slavish copy 依样画葫芦的摹写slip away 逃走slow down 减速；慢下来social concerns 社会所关注的事物social worker 社会工作者solar astronomer 太阳天文学家solar system 太阳系solo instrument 独奏乐器sort out 把...分类soundly asleep 酣睡space agency 航天局space shuttle 航天飞机speak of 谈到，提到speed up 加快速度spend one\'s entire fortune花光所有的钱sperm whale 巨头鲸；抹香鲸spring into being 产生spring up 迅速生长stand at (测得特定数)达到standards of admission入学标准start out 开始时打算；本来想要stem from 源于still life arrangement大型静物摄影布置stinging cell 带刺的细胞stock exchange 股票交易stretch out 伸出strike a serious blow at严重打击string instrument 弦乐器subduction zone 潜没区域subject matter 创作的题材subject of much debate有争议的问题subject to 易受...的substitute A for B 用A代替Bsucceed in 取得成功sum total 总数，总额sum up 总结Superintendent of Indian Affa印第安事务大臣superior to 比...优越(好)susceptible to 易受...影响的swarm of 大群switch to 转变switch to oils 改画油画synonymous with 与...同义table salt 精制食盐take a step 迈出一步take advantage of 利用take care of 处理take charge of 负责；主管take control of 控制take hold 抓住；扛着take issue with 与...争论take measures 采取措施take note of 作记录take on 承担, 呈现take over 接办，接管take sth. for granted视...为理所当然take sth. Seriously 严肃对待...take the offensive on all fro全面发起进攻take to 形成...的习惯；开始喜欢take up 着手处理；论及take...for subject matter把...作为题材taken in this sense 从这个意义上去理解tally book 记录本；记账本target discrimination on...把对...的歧视作为目标target organ 目标器官technological base 技术基础teeth root 牙根Ten Commandments 十戒tend to 倾向于tens of thousands of 千百万testify to 说明，表明the human race 人类the overwhelming majority绝大多数the spot of earth 地方the turn of the century本世纪初theater critic 剧评家theory of probability概率论thin out 变稀薄；变淡This World 本界throw off 摆脱throw oneself into 投身于tin can 马口铁罐头tip the scales at 称起来重量为tissue fluid 组织液to a great degree 在很大程度上to the extreme 走向极端to the point of 到...地步tooth wear 牙齿磨损top dogs 夺魁者town council 市政会，镇政会trail dust (亦作a trail of dust)灰尘transform...into... 把...变成...transit line 运输路线Treasury Department 财政部trip wire 绊网；拉发线tune in to 收到turn down 拒绝turn one\'s attention to开始关注；把注意力转移到... turn out 结果是；证明是turn to 变成,转向turn up 来到；出现turtle shell 玳瑁壳；海龟甲unaided eye (不借助设备的)肉眼unbound hair 飘散的头发under construction 正在施工之中under favorable conditions在有利的情形下under pressure 在压力之下under sb\'s directions在...的指示下up to 多达Upper World 上界upside down 倒转urban sprawl 城区的无计划扩张use up 耗尽；用完usher in 开辟；创始；宣告...的来临, 引vantage point 有利地位very simply put 简言之visual illusion 视觉错误view...as... 认为...是...vocal chord 声带volcanic vent 火山口wad up 揉成一团(卷)warn sb. of sth. 告诫wary of 谨防的；小心翼翼的waste away 慢慢融化掉；逐渐减少waste disposal 处理废品wear and tear 磨损和毁坏were it not for 若不是，假如没有What a vision! 多壮观!What of ...? ...的情况怎样?Wigman system (德国舞蹈家)维格曼体系win approval 得到支持(嘉许)wind instrument 管乐器wing bone 翼骨Winnipeg Grain Exchange温尼伯粮食交易所wipe out 消灭with an eye for 以...的眼光with reference to 关于；有关with respect to 就...而言；在...方面with the exception of除...之外wonder food 特效食品work on the idea of 开始琢磨work out 计算worker honeybee 工蜂wrap up 完成某事。