嵌入式系统 PPT
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应用范例介绍三
• Wii • CPU – IBM “Broadway”
USB 2.0 插槽
SD Card 插槽
Flash 記憶體
Broadway CPU
擴充記憶體 GDDR3 64MB
RTC
• Runs at 729 MHz
• Similar to the chip found in the GameCube,
嵌入式系统 概论
What is this?
The Von Neumann Architecture 2
What is Embedded ?
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什么是嵌入式系统?
计算机,假装自己不是计算机…… (Stephen A. Edwards)
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为什么要嵌入?
為何计算机要嵌入?
基本架構仍然相同
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什么是嵌入式系统?
嵌入式系统硬件之主要组成
P or C
RAM
Flash Memory
BUS Interconnect
Input Devices
Output Devices
ASIC ASIC
以ARM平台之嵌入式系統為例
嵌入式系统之硬件组成基本组件:
微处理机(Microprocessor)/微控制器(Microcontroller)
内存(Memory)
特殊用途之集成电路芯片(ASIC)
输入与输出(Input/Output, I/efinition
Embedded Systems 的定义无论是学界或者业界,都有相当多种说法, 应用的范畴更是远超出一般人的想象
根据英国电机工程师协会的定义:嵌入式系统为控制、监视或辅助设 备、机器或甚至工厂运作的装置
它具备了下列的特性: 设计的目的,在于执行特定的功能 以微电脑与周边构成核心 严格的时序与稳定度要求 全自动操作循环
嵌入式系统为一种计算机软件与硬件的综合体,特别强调「量身定做」 的原则,基于某一种特殊用途上,针对这项用途开发出截然不同的系 统,是所谓的客制化(Customized)系统。
but almost twice as fast Wii 遙控
• ATI “Hollywood” processor handles the SYNC.
32-bit ARM7 microprocessor 256 Kbytes FLASH, 64 Kbytes RAM
Bluetooth wireless communication using NXT software only.
USB 2.0 port 4 input ports, 6 wire digital platform 3 output ports, 6 wire digital platform 100 x 64 pixel LCD graphical display Sound channel with 8-bit resolution Stores multiple programs
Take advantage of application characteristics to optimize the design: Do not need all the general-purpose bells and whistles
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大家有疑问的,可以询问和交流
可以互相讨论下,但要小声点
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Embedded systems in everything
应用范例 LEGO 机器人
• The LEGO Mindstorms® is a robotic building system consisting of
• The NXT Intelligent Brick: the brain of the system • Sensors and servo motors • LEGO TECHNIC Elements • Programming software
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应用范例介绍二
iPhone® Went on sale in June 2007
One Samsung ARM1176
application processor core Memory capacity: 8 – 16 GB Display: 3.5 inch widescreen multi-
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Definition
An embedded system is a special-purpose system in which the computer is completely encapsulated by the device it controls
An embedded system performs pre-defined tasks, usually with very specific requirements
touch Operating system: MAC OS X GSM: Quad-band Wireless data: WiFi, EDGE, Bluetooth Camera: 2 Mega pixel Audio and video playback Talk time: 8 hrs Standby time: 250 hrs
Embedded system: any device that includes a programmable computer but is not itself a general-purpose computer With OS (use microprocessors) Without OS (use microcontrollers)
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计算机的演进
log (people per computer)
Mainframe Minicomputer Workstation
year
PC Laptop PDA
Streaming information to/from physical world
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Application
办公设备、建筑物设备、制造和流程控制、医疗、监视、维生设备、交通运 输、通讯业、银行金融业、测试及诊断系统、其他…