英语语态
语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间 的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语 态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动 语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词 的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的 及物动词才有被动语态。
被动语态的构成
由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词（V-ed）构成。 助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
task
[3]. Many houses ____ in the future. A. will build B. will be built C. are built
一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + PP
be going to + be + PP
(三) 时态: 一般将来时
结构：will /be going to + be +done
主
谓宾
The flowers are watered by her every day.
①
②
③ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
④
总结: 主动语态 宾语 → 谓语 →
主语 →
其他 →
被动语态
主语
be+ P.P by +宾语
抄下来
考点一:
被动语态的基本结构:
be + P.P.
有各种时态的变化
主变被解题步骤: 1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者 2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语.
后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态
We speak
主语
谓语
English.
宾语
主动语态
English is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语
被动语态
宾变主,主变宾,前加by 动变被,看清be, 结构分别be+ pp
主动变被动的方法:
She waters the flowers every day.
They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes are made by them.
[1]. Now English ____ by more and more people all over the word.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken
task
[5]. Flowers ____ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water
含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + PP
（四）含有情态动词的被动语态：
task
[2]. The lost boy ____ at the street corner last night.
A. was found B. is found C. was looked for
一般过去时的被动语态： was / were + PP
把下列句子改为被动语态：
（二） 时态: 一般过去时
1.Li Ming has already watered some lowers.
Some flowers _h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n_w_a_t_e_re_d__by Li Ming already.
2.They have sold out the light green dress The light green dress ____h_a_s__ ___b__e_e_n__ ______s_o_l_d__ out.
task
[4]. Three bridges ____ since last year.
A. have built B. were built C. have been built
现在完成时的被动语态： have / has + been + PP
(四) 时态: 现在完成时
结构：Have/has + been +done
e.g. work close see
worked closed
seen
open
ask teach
opened asked
taught
What does she do every day?
She waters the flowers every day.
主
谓宾
The flowers are watered by her every day.
一般现在时的被动语态： am / is / are + PP
把下列句子改为被动语态：
（一）时态: 一般现在时
结构： am / is / are + done 1.We like Miss Lin Very much.
Miss Lin __is__ _l_ik_e_d___ by us very much. 2.Many young people love Jay Chou’ songs. Jay Chou’s songs _a_r_e_ __lo_v_e_d_ by many young people.
1.The city will build the new airport next year. The new airport _w_i_ll__ _b_e__ __b_u_i_lt__ next year.
2.Huidong Middle School is going to send two students to Hongkong to study. Two students_a_re__g_o_i_n_g _t_o__ _b_e__ s_e_n__t to Hongkong to study.
结构： was/were + done
1.The man repaired the car yesterday. The car _w_a_s_ __re_p_a_i_r_e_d_ by the man yesterday.
2.Mr Song encouraged us to study hard last week. We w__e_re_ __e_n_c_o_u_r_a_g_e_d_ to study hard by Miss Peng last week.