Absorption , Secretion and Supporting viscera.
① Peritoneum has capacity of absorption. Soluble
substances and water are probably absorbed directly into
Fowler's position
Байду номын сангаас
intraperitoneal effusion will
gravitate into pelvis.
② Peritoneum may secrete a lubricating serous fluid
that continuously moistens associated organs to minimize friction and to resist infection.
局部解剖学
Topographical Anatomy
Department of Anatomy , Jilin University 石岫昆 Xiukun Shi 2019.02.08
Section 4 Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity
I. Introduction 1. Peritoneum is a serous membrane
Under certain pathological conditions, potential space of peritoneal cavity may form an actual space containing several liters of fluid.
Ascites is an accumulation of serous fluid in peritoneal cavity ( hydroperitoneum ).
③ Retroperitoneal viscera → viscera
are covered by peritoneum only on their one aspect, such as pancreas, ureter, kidney and suprarenal gland.
Retroperitoneal viscera
Interperitoneal viscera
II. Main Contents I) Structures which are formed by peritoneum 1. Omenta are folds of peritoneum between stomach and other abdominal viscera. There are two omenta, lesser and greater.
Intraperitoneal viscera
② Interperitoneal viscera → viscera are covered by
peritoneum on their three aspects, such as gall-bladder, liver, ascending colon, uterus and urinary bladder.
Treatment of Renal Failure
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
3. Based on covering of peritoneum, viscera in abdominal and pelvic cavities can be divided into three kinds:
③ The peritoneum surrounds and supports viscera in a
number of different ways, which may be characterised as follows: mesentery, ligament, omentum, and so on.
① Intraperitoneal viscera → viscera are almost
completely invested by peritoneum and more mobile than other viscera, such as spleen, stomach, small intestine, transverse colon and sigmoid colon,etc.
blood. Peritoneum in subphrenic region has a greater
absorptive capacity than other regions.
After abdominal or pelvic
operations, it has been customary
to put patient in Fowler's position, so that any inflammatory
A film of fluid lubricates surfaces of peritoneum and facilitates free movement of viscera, one against another or against abdominal or pelvic walls.
2.The most important functions of peritoneum are
which lines abdominopelvic cavity, and can be likened to a slack balloon into which organs are invaginated.
Parietal peritoneum lines abdominal and part of pelvic walls, while Visceral peritoneum covers viscera.
Peritoneal cavity is potential space between parietal and visceral layer of peritoneum. In male, is a closed sac; but in female, there is a communication with outside through uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina.