His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。 （turn out表终止性结果）
宾语
宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短 语，不定式，动名词，从句充当．它和及物动 词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后．
She plays the piano.
He often helps me.
它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现 在分词和过去分词充当．
F
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及物se: 动词与不及物动词
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1)及物动词
s e
n
后面必须di跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动
n
词(transitivegn verb)。如：
o
I believe thaw.t the committee will consider our
suggestion.我Rig 相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词) When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝 加哥的？(leave 作及物动词) They left last week. 他们是上周离开的。(left 作不及物 动词) b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。 如：
He is a teacher. We were children. What he said was true.
2）持续系动词 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度， 主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand。
•He always kept silent at meeting. •This matter remained a mystery.
They are good friends.
Whether we can finish the job is still unknown.
谓语：
谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由 简单动词或者动词短语构成．
They are teachers. She looks well. He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates. He can speak English.
许多有用的物al 质。
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2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词，叫
做不及物动词(intransitive verb)。如： Birds fly.鸟会飞。 It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三； 年六月。 My watch stopped.我的表停了。
3）感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound,
taste seem, appear, look 。
•This kind of cloth feels soft. •This flower smells very sweet. •He seems very sad.
4）变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动 词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
I like watching TV.
She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
I think that he is good guy.
宾语补足语
在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思， 还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意 思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．
主--谓--间宾--直宾
I wrote a letter. I wrote him a letter. Mom, could you buy a bike? Mom, could you buy me a bike? 区分：Shall I call you Kitty? 宾补
Shall I call you a taxi? 直宾
“How long{ htcan I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里 :
问：“这本书He 我可以借多久?”
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Dr.
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set
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good
example.
白求恩大夫给我
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们树立了好榜nd 样。
Crude
oil
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congntains
many
useful
substances.原油含有
简单句 句型结构
主--系--表
Superman is a hero. Superman is a great hero. Superman is powerful. Superman is very powerful. Superman looks cool.
系动词
1）状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。
EXERCISES
The bicycle seems nice. 主系表
The brand new bicycle seems very nice.
定语
状语
We saw a movie. 主谓宾
We saw an exciting movie yesterday.
定语
状语
The twins live here. 主谓(不及物)+状语
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。 Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
总而言之，一个动词后面如果可以接宾语就是及物动 词。如果后面不可以接宾语就是不及物动词。在英语中绝 大部分动词，既可以用做及物动词，也可以用做不及物动 词,绝对及物或不及物的动词是很少的。如:
3）表像系动词 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear,
look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4）感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。
The twins live in a big city. 定语
Don’t tell the truth. (主)谓宾
Don’t tell him the truth. 间接宾语
I saw an angel. 主谓宾
I saw an angel宾sm语il补in足g. 语 I saw an angel smiling in t状he语sky. I saw a beautiful angel smiling in the sky.
This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
5）变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如：
He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
1）状态系动词
用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如： He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。（is与补足语一起 说明主语的身份。）
2）持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有 keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保 持沉默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言
3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 :英语里有不少实义动词可 以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不 同的情况：
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不 及物动词)
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就 富了。
6）终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证 实"，"变成"之意，例如：
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
He studies English very hard. (study 后有宾语 English所以是及物动词) He studies hard. (study后没有宾语所以是不及物动词) They have reached Beijing. (reach是绝对及物的动词， 所以后面一定接宾语) When will you go there?(go是绝对不及物的动词，后面 不可以接名词或代词，只可以接副词。如果要接名词或者 代词的话，要使用介词)如: When will you go to school?
定语
The angel gave me a smile. 主谓+双宾
Suddenly, the angel gave me a big smile.
状语
定语
Eating a strawberry is an experience主. 系表
What he said sounds crazy. 主系表