图画图表作文(江苏高考)
2.图表作文
“三段式”写作要点 ◆ 起始段
简要、准确描述图表内容; 揭示寓意或点明观点。
2.图表作文
◆ 拓展段 阐释寓意或对观点展开论述 方法1:现象解释(即原因分析) 方法2:观点对比(即利弊分析) 方法3:举例论证
2.图表作文
◆ 结尾段 提出自己的观点、看法、意见或建
议或预测未来。
Sample
1)表格(table)
侧重于数据排序
Grain Milk Meat vegetable
2004
49% 10% 17% 24%
2005
46% 12% 20% 22%
2006
35% 17% 27% 21%
2007
30% 20% 30% 20%
2004— 2007年人民饮食习惯变化表
2) 柱状图(Bar Graph/Chart)
Lecture of Writing
一、考核要求
➢ 四级大学英语写作考试时间均为30分钟,分值占总分 的15%。
➢ 四级要求考生写出一篇不少于120词的短文,试卷上可 能给出题目,或规定情景,或要求看图作文,或给出 段首句要求续写;或给出关键词要求写成短文。
➢ 要求能够正确表达思想,意义连贯,无重大语法错误。
First Paragraph
图表描述
As is clearly shown in the table above, from 2004 to 2007,
the amount of grain while the amount of
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Grain Milk Meat vegetable
2004
49% 10% 17% 24%
2005
46% 12% 20% 22%
2006
35% 17% 27% 21%
2007
30% 20% 30% 20%
1.描述图表中的数据
1)要注意一些特殊数字: ◆极端数字
图表中的最大最小点值、最好最差点值、基本相同点和完 全相反点值等; ◆变化明显的数字 往往是同一类事物在不同时间或不同背景中的巨大反差。 •
2. 拟定主题句,揭示寓意或点明观点
图表作文的主题句通常放在首段,在引言/导入句之 后说明整体变化趋势,而文章也将围绕这个整体 趋势展开议论或描述。
For instance: Great changes have been taking place in people’s diet/student use of computer from 2004/1995 to 2007/ 2000. In recent years, the time students using computers has increased greatly.
有说服力的数据:首尾两端数字或其增减值。
◆以表1为例,用: The percentage of grain consump-tion(消耗) decr eased from 49 % in 1986 to 30 % in 1990.
两端数据49%和30%说明变化趋势是递减。
◆ 或者直接计算出增加值或减少值: The amount of grain in people's diet has decreased by 19%. However, the amount of milk has increased by 10% and that of meat has increased by 13%.
grain
总的变化规律:grain的消费量在减少,而milk和
meat的消费量在增加。
表2:Student Use of Computer
横向为日期(99、95、2000),纵向为大学生每 周使用计算机的时间。 柱形图清晰显示出这样一个变化特点:随着时间 的推移,大学生越来越多地使用计算机。
(3)筛选数据
Grain Milk Meat vegetable
2004
49% 10% 17% 24%
2005
46% 12% 20% 22%
2006
35% 17% 27% 21%
2007
30% 20% 30% 20%
横向比较,milk 逐年增加
m逐e年at增加
减gr少
ain
变化趋势相同,占总消费的比例在增大
纵向看, milk和比m例ea变t 化正相反
Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Changes in People’s Diet in China . You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below.
(a): Number of TV watchers
10
B (b): Number of film goers
0
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
近年来看电影与看电视的人数变化情况。
4)饼形图(Pie Graph/Chart)
Food drink
other 18%
57% Housing
meat has increased by 13%. From which, we can see great
changes have been taking place in people’s diet .
惯用表达和句型
1.说明图表的表达结构(如图所示): The graph shows/ points out that… 图表显示。。。 As is shown in the table, we can see/conclude that… 如图所示,我们可以看出/得出结论。。。 As can be seen in the table released/provided by the government,… We can see from the table that…; 我们可以从图表看出 According to the graph, it can be learned that 根据图表,可以知道
2.引用数据的表达结构: The statistics presented in the chart are rather convincing. 图表中所显示的数据相当具有说服力。 All these data clearly prove the fact that… 所有这些数据明显证明这一事实。 The figures lead us to the conclusion that… 这些数据得到这样的结论。 The above data can be interpreted as follows: 上面的数据可以解释如下:
1. state the changes in people’s diet in the past five years; 2. give possible reasons for the changes; 3. draw your own conclusions;
图表作文着重说明事实,常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说 明、分析、比较,对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明, 并提出结论或看法。因此,图表作文常常采用议论文体或说明文体的 写作方法。
侧重数据对比
%
100 80 60 40 20
1995 2000 2005
State-owned private
美国近年住房产权的变化情况
3) 曲线图(Line Graph/Chart)
侧重数据变化
100
A
90
80
70
60
50
40
Number of People (in thousands)
30 20
切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。 •
2)对比分析,寻找数据的变化规律; 横向和纵向的比较:
从横向看,同一类(如事物A)数据随时间变化是升还是降, 升降的幅度多大;
从纵向看,不同类别(如事物A、B、C)的变化是相似还是 相反,从中寻找规律。
表1:Changes in People’s Diet in China
25%
other 46%
Food drink 22%
Housing 32%
侧重内部结构变化
A
B
Percentage of Average Percentage of Average Family Expense in 2000 Family Expense in2007
2000与2007年平均家庭开支情况变化表.
Grain Milk Meat vegetable
2004
49% 10% 17% 24%
2005
46% 12% 20% 22%
2006
35% 17% 27% 21%
2007
30% 20% 30% 20%
2.图表作文
◆ 起始段 简要、准确描述图表内容; 揭示寓意或点明观点。
1.描述图表中的数据
表1:Changes in People’s Diet in China
4.时间和趋势的表达结构:
1)表示时间跨度 from 1990 to 1999 over the period from 1981 to 2001 during the past three decades between 1998 and 2001
2)表示“上升” increase, rise, go up, rocket, soar e.g. The number of population increased. 3)表示“下降” decrease, fall, go down, decline,reduce e.g. The number of population decreased. 4)表示“上升/下降到---”to e.g. The number of population decreased to 1 billion. 5)表示“上升/下降了---” by e.g. The number of population decreased by 1 million.