（简单句）
1. I know
主语 谓语
him .
宾语
（复合句）
2. I know who he is .
主语 谓语 连词 从句主语 从句谓语
主句
宾语从句
一、宾语从句的概念
在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句 谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。
eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.
Practice
1. The young man asked __D___ it's summer or
winter.
A. either B. that C. weather D. whether
2. We don't know ___A___ they did it .
A. how B. who C. what D. which
2. What did he want to buy ? I don’t know what did he want to buy . I don’t know what he wanted to buy .
注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? What happened?
• They asked me whether to go skating.
3.在介词后面：
• We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.
4. 宾语从句提前时：
• Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Practice time if / whether
He told me he would have a party and that he wanted me to take part in. (2)当that作介词except, in, but的宾语时 I know nothing about him except that he is from Beijing. 但：You may depend on it that I’ll help you. (3)用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句
if/ whether “是否”，常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。
1. I want to know _i_f _(w__h_e_th__er_)__h_e_w_i_l_l _g_o_t_o__ t_h_e_p__a_rk__w_i_t_h_u_s__.
5. I don’t know w__h_e_th_e_rhose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从
代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任 句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。
1. He asked _w__h_o_c_o_u_l_d_a_n_s_w__e_r_t_h_e_q_u_e_s_t_io_n___. 2. Do you know_w__h_o_m__t_h_e_y_a_r_e__w_a_i_ti_n_g_f_o_r__? 3. He asked_w_h_o_s_e_b__ik_e__w_a_s_t_h_e__b_e_st_i_n__th_e__c_la_s_s_. 4. Do you know _w_h__en__w_e_’_l_l _h_a_v_e_a__m_e_e_t_in_g___? 5. Please tell me _w__h_e_r_e_h_e__is___. 6. Can you tell me _h_o_w__I_c_a_n__g_et__to__th__e_s_ta_t_i_o_n_? 7. Could you tell me w__h_y__th_e__tr_a_i_n_i_s_l_a_te______?
❖I know he __l_iv_e_s_（live) here . ❖I know he _l_i_v_ed__ (live) here ten years ago . ❖I have heard that he_w_i_ll_c_o_m__e(come)tomorrow .
2.如果主句是过去的时态,从句的时态一定 要用相对应的过去的某种时态
The predicative Clauses
表语从句
M3U3 Grammar
表语从句
在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be/ 系动词后面) 叫做表语从句。 我们的目的是他能认识到错误。 Our purpose is that he can realize his faults. 1.注意：引导表语从句的连接词that一般不省略。
二、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：
连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）
1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .
e.g. 1.I hear (that) _h_e_w__il_l _b_e_b_a_c_k__in__a_n__h_o_u_r_. 2.He said (that) _h_e__m_i_s_se_d__u_s_v_e_r_y_m__u_c_h__.
that——不能省略的3种情况
(1) that 引导多个并列宾语从句，第二个及 以后的that不可省。
1. I asked her i_f_/__w_h_e_t_h_e_r she had a bike. 2. We’re worried about __w_h_e_t_h_e_r he is safe.
3. I wonder _w__h_e_th_e_r_/__if_ he is well.
4. I don’t know _w__h_e_th__er_ or not he is well.
eg: I don’t know what’s the matter.
做主语
Can you tell me who is over there? Can you tell me who he is ?
做表语
否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，
2. Ask him __w__h_e_t_h_e_r_(_if_)_h_e_c_a_n__c_o_m_e___.
只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况
1.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:
• I don’t know whether he’s free or not.
2. 在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.) ：
3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、 自然现象时,仍用一般现在时。
• Dad told us that it _is_better to do than to say. • He told the boy that three and three _i_s_six. • He told me the earth _m_o_v_e_s_(move)around
❖I knew who _l_i_v_ed__(live) here. ❖I saw she _w_a_s__ta_l_k_i_n_g_(talk)with her mother. ❖He asked whether his father_w_o_u_l_d_c_o_m__e(come)
back tomorrow. ❖He said that he __h_a_d__s_ee_n__(see) it .
问题是它是否值得做。
The question is whether it is worth doing.
2. 注意：表语从句表示“是否” 只用 “whether” 而不用“if”
他为什么迟到的原因是交通拥挤。
The reason why he was late was that the traffic was busy. 3. 注意：有reason时表语从句不用because而 用that He was late, that’s because the traffic was busy. The traffic was busy, that’s why he was late. 4.It is /was because ….
D. how I can reach the station
6. Please tell me ___C____.
A. what does he like B. what he does like
二、宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词） 语序 时态
（一）引导词
1 从属连词 that, whether, if 2 连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what 3 连接副词 where,how,why,when
由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句
注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不 充当成分，在口语当中往往省略
3. The teacher asks us __B__ Jim can come back
on time .