I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响：不饿)
影响
近的影响
远的影响
经历
eg. I have visited your factory before.
与其搭配的时间状语： just（刚刚）, already（已经）, before, yet（一般 疑问：已经；否定句：还） never, ever
**现在完成时**
现在完成时
构成：现在完成时是由助动词have（has）过去分 词
否定句：在have/has后加not.
一般疑问句：把have/has提到主语前.
动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样） 不规则变化
不规则变化：
am/is-was- been
are-were-been
begin-began-begun break-broke-broken
① I have never heard of that before. ② Have you ever ridden a horse? ③ She has already finished the work. ④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done
marry/get married (to)— be married (to)
fall asleep/get to sleep — be asleep
join the Party — be in the Party/be a member of
I have bought a new dictionary for a week. I have had a new dictionary for a week. 我买一本新词典已有一星期了。
e/go — be (in)
leave — be away
borrow — keep
buy — have
die — be dead
get to know — know
begin — be on
open— be open
close — be closed
arrive – be here/there
that already. ⑤ I’ve just finished my homework. ⑥ He has not come yet.
持续” 2.“
表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动
作或状态，并可能继续下去的动作或状态。
Eg. I haven’t seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?
come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry …
3.非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换
1.延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。 他入党五年了。He joined the Party five years ago . ——He has been in the Party for five years. 电影开始五分钟了。 The film began five minutes ago. ——The film has been on for five minutes.
完成时态的分类
• 现在完成时：站在现在回顾过去 1.表示“影响” 2.表示“持续”
• 过去完成时：站在过去回顾过去的过去 • 将来完成时：站在将来回顾此前发生的事
件
影响 1 “
”表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响
或结果. (多数需要结合上下文语境）
Eg. I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。 （“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是 “衣服干净了”）
与其搭配的时பைடு நூலகம்状语(默认的时间结点在现在）
1.for（段时间）, since（过去点时间） 2.到目前为止/迄今： so far, till now, up to now 3.最近几个日、月、年以来：these days, in/ over/during for the last /past few years/months/weeks/days, through years…
do-did-done
draw-drew-drawn
drink-drank-drunk drive-drove-driven
eat-ate-eaten
fall-fell-fallen
fly-flew-flown
forget-forgot-forgotten
give-gave-given
go-went-gone
eg. I have been here for just over two years. He has worked here since 1989. 从1989年，他就在这工作 了。
动词 延续性动词
非延续性动词的否定时态 或转换为延续性动词
2.非延续性动词也称终止性动词，瞬间动词，
表示动作瞬间完成 例如： become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive,
他已入团两年了。
The man has been dead for several years. The man has died for several years. 这个人已经死了几年了。
( (
√×))
1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks.
( ×)
(√ )
They have been here for two days. They have come here for two days. 他们来这儿已经两天了。
((√×))
He has joined the League member for two years. ( ×)
√ He has been a League member for two years. ( )