单词学习



move v. movement n. distribute distributor wholesale wholesaler store v. storage n. authoritative adj. 权威的 authority n. 权力 profession n. professional adj. 专业的，n. 专业人士 source n. 来源，v. 找出来源 sourcing n. warehouse v. warehousing n. finance n. 资金，财务 v. 为…提供资金 －ing financing n. 融资，提供资金 consuming
去超市以零售价购买(如2.50元/瓶)，时间成本最低。

Choice A is rarely the case because the total logistics cost of direct purchase from the manufacturer is prohibitive for any individual (2.6 times as much as the retail price in the above case), though its purchase price is much lower than the retail price.
Questions
1.What is the definition of logistics? 2. Will an individual consumer choose to go straight to a manufacturer and buy the items by himself ? Why not ? 3. Why do most individual consumers go to a retail outlet instead of going to the manufacturer if they want to buy something? 4. Why is the retail price higher than the ex-factory price? 5. What are the scopes of logistics activities?

It is worth noting that there is a wide-spread misleading concept about logistics, especially among amateurs, that logistics is transport. True, transport is the core component of logistics and without it nothing can move. Nevertheless logistics means far more than transport alone can convey. 值得注意的是，人们，尤其是非专业人士，对物流有一种广泛的 误导性概念，即认为物流就是运输。的确，运输是物流的 核心构成部分，没有运输什么也动不起来。即使如此，物 流仍然比单独的运输所能传达的意义要深远得多。
Sourcing 采办 Purchasing 采购 Transport 运输
Warehousing 仓储 Financing Support 融资支持
Logistics activities 物流活动
Inventory Management 库存管理 Customer Support 客户支持
Figure 3 Scope of logistics activities 图3 物流活动的范围
Manufacturer 厂家
Distributor 配送商
Wholesaler 批发商
End consumer 最终客户
Retailer (Supermarket) 零售商（超市）
Figure 1 A typical supply chain 图1 典型的供应链
The Coca Cola soft drink product moves by the typical supply chain. The retail price is higher because value is added to the product as it passes through each node in the supply chain (Figure 2). 可口可乐软饮料产品就是依照典型的供应链来移动的，其零售价更 高，是因为当产品经过供应链的每个节点时增加了价值（图 2）。
All facets of logistics 物流面面观 From a wider perspective, we can conclude that logistics is or is about: 从更加广泛的视角来看，我 们可以得出结论，物流 是或者是关于…


the flow and storage of goods, people, finance, services and related information physical distribution or distribution of physical goods an integral part of the supply chain 商品、人员、资金、服务和相关信息的流动与存储 实体配送或实体物资的配送 供应链的整体部分
直接到厂家以出厂价(如1.50元/瓶)购买，但要支付额外的公 共汽车费(如5元或更多)，总计6.50元，还要另加时间成本 （数小时的巴士乘坐）,或者


go to a supermarket and buy it at retail price (e.g. 2.50 Yuan) with minimal time cost

How a bottle of Coca Cola coke moves to an end consumer 一瓶可乐是如何到达最终消费者手中的 If a consumer wants to have a bottle of Coca Cola coke, he can choose to: 如果客户想买一瓶可口可乐，他可能选择：
单词学习




－tion integrate integral integrated integration n. 整合，一体化最优化 reduce reduction cost reduction innovate innovative innovation




integration and optimization of resources a value-added process efficiency increase and cost reduction Innovation 资源的整合与优化 一个增值过程 提高效率与降低成本 创新
What are the scopes of logistics activities 物流活动的范围是什么？ As shown in the Figure 3, logistics activities are extensive and consist of various components. 如图3所示，物流活动是广泛的并且包括了多种构成成份。
定语从句，修 饰definition
“Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet customers’ requirements.” “物流是供应链的一部分，它对产品、服务和相关信息从原产地 到消费地的高效率和高效力的流动及存储进行规划、实施和 控制，以满足客户的要求。”
A选择是极少出现的情况，因为从厂 家直接购买的总物流成本对于 个人而言是极其昂贵的（在上 述的情况中，达到了零售价的 2.6倍），虽然其采购价要比零 售价低得多。
Choice B is the most popular for individual consumers, in which the customer pays a higher retail price in exchange for ease of shopping and exemption of the timeconsuming travel to the manufacturer, in addition to a lower total cost.
1.5 1.6 1.7
Manufacturer 厂家
Distributor 配送商
Wholesaler 批发商
End consumer 最终客户
Figure 2 A presumptive value-added model 图2 推定增值模型
Retailer (Supermarket) 零售商（超市）
Module 1 物流基本概念及行业概述01
Unit 1
What is logistics? 什么是物流？
lo-gis-tics
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/ 物 流
单词学习



manufacture manufacturer ex-factory price wholesale price 三种价格 retail price minimal 最小的 maximal 最大的 prohibitive expensive retail 加后缀 retailer consume consumer consuming