飞机总体设计 任务二设计报告

组号： 第三组 组内成员：

2014年1月18日北京航空航天大学飞机总体设计

1 摘要 本小组在此文中对民用客机的需求与发展作了简要介绍，并通过统计分析与计算完成了任务所要求的设计内容。 主要计算分析步骤包括：起飞重量的计算，起飞推重比，翼载荷的计算，翼型的选择，外形几何参数的计算与选择，机身及舱室设计，飞机动力系统及燃油系统的选择与计算，重量分析与重心计算，以及主要性能参数估算，飞机操稳性的分析和和飞行总体性能参数的分析计算等。

关键字：客机，宽体飞机，概念设计 北京航空航天大学飞机总体设计

2 Abstract

In this paper our team describe the requirement and the development of civil aircraft and complete the conceptual design, assigned by prof, through numerous analyses and computation. The main steps of analyses and calculation include the calculation of takeoff gross weight, the calculation of takeoff thrust weight ratio and wing load, the selection of airfoil’s type, the choice of components geometry parameters, the design of fuselage and cabin, the selection and calculation of propulsion&fuel system, the estimation of weight and the check of gravity center, we also analyze the main performance parameters, stability control qualities and flight performance. At last, we check about overall performance of the flight.

Keyword: Airliner, Wide-body aircraft, Conceptual design 北京航空航天大学飞机总体设计

3 目录 飞机总体设计 ................................................................................................................................... 1 任务二设计报告 ............................................................................................................................... 1 摘要 .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 2 第一章 方案设计 ............................................................................................................................. 5 1.设计背景 ............................................................................................................................... 5 2.设计理念 ............................................................................................................................... 6 3.设计要求 ............................................................................................................................... 7 第二章 方案构思与设计草图 ......................................................................................................... 8 第三章 主要总体设计参数 ............................................................................................................. 9 1.估计升阻比 ........................................................................................................................... 9 2.起飞重量𝑾𝟎的一阶近似 .................................................................................................... 9 3.推重比T/W的选取 ............................................................................................................. 10 4.翼载W/S的选取 ................................................................................................................. 10 5.机翼外形参数设计 ............................................................................................................. 11 6.尾翼外形参数设计 ............................................................................................................. 13 7.机身及舱室设计 ................................................................................................................. 14 7.1几何参数估计 ........................................................................................................... 14 7.2客舱设计与布置 ....................................................................................................... 16 8.动力系统选择 ..................................................................................................................... 19 8.1发动机类型与选择 .................................................................................................. 19 8.2发动机布置 .............................................................................................................. 22 8.3进排气系统设计 ...................................................................................................... 22 9燃油系统设计 ...................................................................................................................... 23 9.1油箱类型选择 .......................................................................................................... 23 9.2油箱的容积 .............................................................................................................. 24 9.3油箱的安全与防火 .................................................................................................. 24 10.起落架布置 ....................................................................................................................... 25 11.飞机三面图 ....................................................................................................................... 27 12.三维建模 ........................................................................................................................... 29 13.重量分析 ........................................................................................................................... 30 14.配平及稳定性分析 ........................................................................................................... 34 15.主要设计参数汇总 ........................................................................................................... 34 第四章 主要性能参数估算 ........................................................................................................... 35 1.升力系数计算 ..................................................................................................................... 35 1.1机翼 .......................................................................................................................... 35 1.2机身 .......................................................................................................................... 37 1.3平尾 .......................................................................................................................... 37 1.4全机的升力系数计算 .............................................................................................. 38 2.阻力系数计算 ..................................................................................................................... 38 2.1机翼 .......................................................................................................................... 38 2.2机身 .......................................................................................................................... 39 2.3全机的阻力系数计算 .............................................................................................. 40